Scientists have discovered that staying in the cold could help us lose weight. Researchers at the University of California found that staying in the cold increases levels of a protein (蛋白质) that helps form brown fat—the type of fat that produces heat and keeps us warm. Brown fat burns energy, which helps us lose weight. However, white fat stores extra energy, which causes weight gain. The researchers said that because air conditioners give us constant and comfortable temperatures, our body's need for Brown fat has decreased. They've found that outdoor workers in northern Finland who are in cold temperature have a large amount of brown fat when compared to indoor workers of the same age.
The research was conducted on two different control groups of mice. One group was injected (注射) with the protein that helps create brown fat. As a result, this group gained 30 percent less weight after both groups were fed high-fat diets. The researchers say this could be good news in the fight against obesity. Fatter people have lower levels of brown fat than thinner people. The head researcher Hei Sook Sul said, "This protein could become an important aim for research into the treatment and prevention of being overweight and some related diseases."
1. A recent research shows that brown fat can help______.| A．gain weight | B．lose weight | C．control mice | D．reduce protein |
| A．It stores extra energy. | B．It keeps us warm. |
| C．It burns extra energy. | D．It produces heat |
| A．肥胖 | B．健康 | C．污染 | D．疾病 |
| A．You can lose weight if you eat proper food. |
| B．Both groups in the experiment were fed low-fat diets. |
| C．Outdoor workers have less brown fat than indoor workers. |
| D．Researchers will probably do further research into this protein. |
| A．storing fat could make you cold | B．keeping cold could keep you thinner |
| C．being fat could make you healthy | D．having protein could keep you weaker |
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【推荐1】Experts say that the ability of dogs to smell is one million times stronger than that of humans. With so much sniff (闻) power, it’s hardly surprising that they stick their heads out of car windows. They don’t care about the scenery. What they’re after are the smells.
When dogs put their faces into the wind, their upper lips and noses are sniffing, their eyes partly closed, and their ears folded back. It looks as if they’re enjoying themselves very much, but mainly they’re concentrating. It’s as though they’re closing down all the rest of their senses to concentrate on this one. Every dog loves to hang his head out of the window, and all dogs have an excellent sense of smell. This ability is increased when they are moving quickly, which is one reason that they take advantage of open car windows. It also probably makes them excellent hunters.
Smell is so important to dogs that they have two systems for it. One is in the nose, which consists of a huge amount of tissue (组织) with scent receptors (嗅觉感受器). This area takes up about 1/2 square inch in humans, but up to 20 square inches in some dogs. As air moves over the tissue, odor molecules (气味分子) reach the millions of scent receptors. The more air flowing there is, the better dogs smell. So they love to put their faces into the wind.
Dogs have a second system in their mouths, where a tiny pipe leads to Jacobson’s organ (犁鼻器). Its task is to catch different types of smells. Dogs depend on it to find the sources of smells.
Title | Dogs’ Sense of Smell | |
The most | a. All dogs love to hang their heads out of car windows and put their faces into the wind. It seems as if they’re just b. All dogs have an excellent sense of smell, and this ability is | |
The two smelling systems in dogs | The one in their | Their noses have a huge amount of tissue with |
| The one in their mouths | A tiny pipe in the mouth leads to Jacobson’s organ, which dogs | |
【推荐2】It is perhaps the most performed song in the world.A birthday party wouldn’t be complete without participants joyously belting out the song around a big birthday cake.
A federal judge may rule on the case in the coming weeks, reported The New York Times.
If the song becomes part of the public domain (范围), then the Warner Music Group will lose millions of dollars in licensing fees in the future.
| A．Yet Happy Birthday to You is private property and protected by copyright. |
| B．According to a report, Happy Birthday to You is believed to be netting the company D|S2 million fees a year. |
| C．It is fine if you sing it by yourself. |
| D．It’s common to sing this song personally. |
| E．But this unreasonable situation could soon be changed. |
| F．Legally, it is supposed to be paid for the right of using this song. |
| G．It would also be a victory for those who see the song as highlighting the copyright problems. |
【推荐3】Scientists have been studying how people use money for long. Now they’re finding some theories may apply to one group of monkeys.
Researchers recently taught six monkeys hos to use money. They gave the monkeys small metal disks (圆片) that could be used like cash and showed them some yummy apple pieces. The monkeys soon figured out that if tyey gave one of the disks to a scientist, they’d receive a piece of apple in return.
If you think that is all the monkeys can figure out, you are wrong. Two researchers, Jake and Allison, acted as apple sellers in the experiments. The monkeys were tested one at a time and had 12 disks to spend in each experiment. Jake always showed the monkeys on apple piece, while Allison always showed two pieces. But that’s not necessarily what they gave the monkeys. The number of apple pieces given for a disk was determined at random.
Experiment One: Allison showed two pieces of apples but gave both piece only half the time. The other half, she took one piece away and gave the monkey just the remaining piece. Jake, on the other hand, always gave exactly what he showed: one piece for each disk. The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.
Experiment Two: Allison continued to sometimes gave two pieces and sometimes one piece. But now, half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus. Guess what? The monkeys chose to trade more with Jake.
In the first experiment, the monkeys correctly figured out that if they traded with Allison, they’d end up with more treats. In the second one, when a monkey received two pieces from Jake, it seemed like a gain. When Allison gave the monkey only one piece instead of the two she showed, it seemed like a loss. The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they’d rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.
We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we’re getting less, even when we’re not. Would you have made the same choices?
1. What conclusion might experts draw from the first experiment?| A．People are smarter in terms of finance. |
| B．It’s easy to teach monkeys how to trade. |
| C．Business theories can apply to all monkeys. |
| D．The monkeys show certain business sense. |
| A．A coin. | B．A chance. |
| C．A metal disk. | D．An apple piece. |
| A．Because they didn’t like the feeling of losing. |
| B．Because they get more apple pieces from Jake. |
| C．Because Jake always gave them two apple pieces. |
| D．Because the apple pieces from Jake were yummy. |
| A．Disk for Apple: Who to Trade with? |
| B．Shopping for Bargain: Same of different? |
| C．Moneky’s Business Sense: Smart or Silly? |
| D．People’s Business Decision: Lose or Gain? |
【推荐1】The Internet plays a big part in human life. We use it for work and entertainment. We can find new recipes on the Internet or advice on staying healthy. We can even use it to learn a new language and connect with family and friends.
As far as the Internet being a part of our lives —well, that train has left the station. This expression means there is no going back to an Internet-free life. But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health? It might be, say researchers.
A new study finds that heavy Internet use may be connected to high blood pressure in an unlikely group— teenagers. The study results show that teens who spend at least 14 hours a week online were more likely to have high blood pressure. High blood pressure can cause heart and kidney (肾) disease. It is also closely linked to some forms of dementia (痴呆), a brain disease. Dementia is marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and a reduced ability to reason.
The Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan did the study. 335 young people from 14 to 17 years old participated in it. One hundred and thirty-four of the teens were described as “heavy Internet users.” Researchers found that out of these 134 teens, 26 had high blood pressure.
The lead researcher of the study is Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow. In a statement she said, “Using the Internet is part of our daily life but it shouldn’t consume us.” For the purpose of the study, she explains, teens considered heavy Internet users were online on “average 25 hours a week.” Ms. Cassidy-Bushrow adds that it is important for teens to take “regular breaks from their computers or smartphones” and to do some “kind of physical activity.”
1. Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2?| A．The train has stopped at the wrong station. |
| B．There is something wrong with the train. |
| C．Life without the Internet is nowhere to be found. |
| D．The train has changed its course. |
| A．will remember everything clearly | B．will change his character |
| C．will develop a brain cancer | D．can do analysis accurately |
| A．40% | B．19% | C．25% | D．7% |
| A．The Internet Does Harm to the Study. |
| B．Too Much Internet May Be Bad for Teenagers. |
| C．We Should Stop Using the Internet. |
| D．High Blood Pressure Is around the Comer. |
【推荐2】Cinco de Mayo is probably the holiday most often celebrated that no one understands.
Literally (根据字面意思) “Fifth of May”, Cinco de Mayo is a Mexican Holiday celebrating the Battle of Puebla, which took place on May 5, 1862. In 1861, France sent a big army to invade Mexico, as they wanted to collect some war debts. The French army was much larger, better trained and equipped than the Mexicans struggling to defend (保卫) the road to Mexico City. The French army reached Puebla, where the Mexicans won a huge victory. The victory was short-lived, as the French army regrouped and continued, and eventually took Mexico City, but the joy of an unlikely victory against France is remembered every May fifth.
Mexico celebrates its independence on September 16, because it was on that day in 1810 that Father Miguel Hidalgo invited his people to take up arms and join him in fighting against Spanish rulers. Independence Day is a much more important holiday in Mexico. For some reason, Cinco de Mayo is celebrated more in the United States of America, by Mexicans and Americans alike, than it is in Mexico. One theory for why it is more popular in the USA is that at one time, it was celebrated in all of Mexico and by Mexicans living in former Mexican areas such as Texas and California. It was ignored in Mexico after a while but still celebrated in the north of the border, which never got out of the habit of remembering the famous battle.
In Puebla and in many American cities with large Mexican populations, there are parades, dancing and festivals. Traditional Mexican food is often served or sold. Mariachi (街头音乐) bands fill town squares, and a lot of beers are served. It’s a fun holiday, really more about celebrating the Mexican way of life than about remembering the battle which happened 156 years ago. In the USA, schoolchildren decorate their classrooms and try their hand at cooking some basic Mexican food. All over the world, Mexican restaurants bring in mariachi bands and offer specials for what’s almost certain to be a packed house.
1. According to the text, people celebrate Cinco de Mayo because ______.| A．Mexicans paid off their war debts |
| B．Mexicans succeeded in defending Mexico City |
| C．Mexicans gained independence from Spanish |
| D．Mexicans defeated the French army in Puebla |
| A．Because some American areas once belonged to Mexico. |
| B．Because Americans are influenced by Mexican culture. |
| C．Because Mexicans don’t form the habit of having a holiday. |
| D．Because many Mexicans value Independence Day. |
| A．By performing music at restaurants. |
| B．By trying making some Mexican food. |
| C．By turning the classroom into a battlefield. |
| D．By offering special gifts to their teachers. |
【推荐3】The mobile phone has become a problem for high schools. Some high-school students in Australia are not allowed to carry mobile phones during school hours.
The mobile phone used among children has become a problem for the school years. Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas presents, and more students want them. Marry Brown, a headmaster, said that the mobile phone was a distraction (分心事) to students during school hours and it also gave teachers so much trouble in their classrooms. Teachers also say that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams.
She said some schools had tried to ban (禁止) mobile phones. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn't get in touch with their children.
Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school, if there was a good reason, they could leave their phones at school office. They also said phones were easily lost and were a distraction for studies.
Many people say that they understand why parents would want their children to have phones, but they think schools should let students know when they can use their mobile phones.
1. Some high schools in Australia have stopped students from carrying mobile phones ______| A．because they are students | B．when they are free |
| C．when they are at school | D．because they are children |
| A．a bad thing | B．a useful tool | C．a good thing | D．of some help |
| A．分散注意力 | B．吸引 | C．让人高兴 | D．作弊,欺骗 |
| A．students shouldn't have mobile phones at school except for some special reasons |
| B．it is important to ban students from using mobile phones at school |
| C．some parents felt unhappy because they couldn't use their phones at home |
| D．parents should teach their children how to use mobile phones during school hours |
【推荐1】What is small sided soccer?
The small sided soccer starts with games of 3-on-3 from the youngest participants and progresses to 4-on-4, 7-on-7, 11-on-11, in a graduated manner for the older groups. OUT school’s training course will give kids a better chance to take part in the game and get excited about the game of soccer. The small-sided approach gives each child more individualized attention so they can each improve their skills. And, it’s FUN!
Some general practical information
• The cafeteria is open.
• We supply participants with soccer clothes and football boots.
• Please bring a water bottle for your child.
Soccer season training times
| Team | Saturday | Sunday |
| Tykes | 10:00-11:00 | |
| PeeWees | 11:00-11:50 | |
| BoysE&F | 12:30-14:00 | 13:00-14:00 |
| Girls | 12:30-14:30 |
Costs
The cost is $70 per month for Tykes and PeeWees and $115 for all the other teams.
Those who enter online will get a 10% discount.
Volunteering
Can I coach?
Of course! Our training course is always looking for volunteer coaches. We will provide coaches with plans for activities and training, and help set up the small-sided fields. It’s a great opportunity to get involved with kids and help develop their love for sports.
How can I volunteer in other ways?
It’s your club and you are welcome to volunteer! There are volunteer opportunities with programs, fields, publicity, facilities, uniforms, website development and the board, to name but a few. Let us know how you’d like to help — and we’ll put you to work!
Do parents stay?
Yes. Parents are strongly encouraged to stay and support their children and the club. The club is a volunteer-run organization. Parents and athletes are encouraged to help with the clean-up and set-up activities.
If you have any questions about program specifics, please contact recreational soccer coordinator (协调者), Pablo Vercelli, at recreationalsoccei@abfsport.nl. Tel: 043-239-4409.
1. What do you know about the training course?| A．Coaches will make plans for activities and training. |
| B．It offers three meals a day for free. |
| C．Parents can volunteer for the training course. |
| D．Participants need to prepare their own soccer clothes. |
| A．$63. | B．$70. |
| C．$115. | D．$103.5. |
| A．Both Tykes and BoysE&F have classes on Sunday. |
| B．Both Tykes and PeeWees have the same charging standard. |
| C．Pablo Vercelli was the founder of the small-sided soccer. |
| D．Parents who help with clean-up don’t need to pay for the course. |
【推荐2】Changing Bit by Bit
A new contest challenges people to use micro:bit computers to solve problems.
Could you use your computing skills to aid the fight against illegal animal hunting? How about tackling ocean pollution or monitoring animals under threat of extinction?
A new global challenge called Do Your Bit aims to get young people using their computing creativity to solve real-world problems. It’s being run by a partnership involving the BBC’s micro:bit computer, the technology company ARM and a campaign called World’s Largest Lesson, and it's aimed at people aged 10 to 16. It kicks off on 16 September.
The contest in 2019 is based on two Global Goals: to protect life on land and under the water. To take part, young people first choose a problem that affects them and their community, then design something involving the micro:bit computer that could help to tackle that problem.
Participants need to write up to 500 words about the problem and their solution, as well as providing a photo of their drawn plans or a hex file of their prototype code (编码), plus any other photos and videos showing what they’ve done.
This is the second micro:bit Global Challenge to be held. In 2018, the contest's winning designs included a homemade thief alarm, a classroom health monitor, a food-waste watcher and a device to remind people to sit up straight.
The deadline for entering the challenge is 28 February 2020: the winners will be announced the following month.
1. The main purpose of BBC’s involvement is to _______.
| A．report for this contest |
| B．call for ocean protection |
| C．introduce the Global Goals |
| D．promote micro:bit computers |
| A．getting rid of hunger |
| B．providing clean water |
| C．taking care of children |
| D．protecting life on the earth |
| A．buy micro:bit computers |
| B．sign up for it before 16 September 2020 |
| C．choose a real problem and offer solutions |
| D．prepare photos and videos of group members |
| As an online English teacher at EF Education First (英孚教育), you will be teaching English through our EF Online Classroom, which allows students to study English from all corners of Japan. | |
| ABOUT THE POSITION Teachers in this position play a key role in our mission — opening the world through education. Both full-time online teachers and free online teachers are needed. Full-time teachers work according to our schedule, with no less than ten classes per week, mostly at night. Free ones enjoy a high degree of flexibility in their role, teaching from the comfort of their homes with a wide rangeof class times available. | MAIN RESPONSIBILITIES * Delivering lessons to students through our online learning platform * Evaluating student's progress and providing individualized instructions * Providing high-quality feedback (反馈) on students’ written assignments * Operating the Internet, the slide presentation, EF-developed courseware (课件) efficiently and skillfully. |
| REQUIREMENTS * High level of English fluency, and certificates are preferred * A personal desktop or laptop, and a stable Internet connection * Availability to actively deliver classes on a monthly basis * Self-motivated, and be able to work independently | BENEFITS * Obtain TEFL certification at work * Free travel around the country yearly * Attend training conferences for ongoing professional development * Learn from EF’s International Culture and chat with our foreign teachers * Gain proficiency (熟练) in the constantly growing field of online education |
| PAY Full-time teachers are on a salary of 1,071 yen to 1,836 yen, and free teachers between 612 yen to 1,224 yen per class, depending on how many classes are taught. | |
1. What does EF Education First ask their teachers to do?
| A．Use electronic media expertly. |
| B．Possess the spirit of teamwork. |
| C．Obtain a certificate in English. |
| D．Offer students lessons mostly in the daytime. |
| A．Flexible working hours. |
| B．Opportunities to travel abroad yearly. |
| C．Guidance on professional development. |
| D．Being trained by professors to get a TEFL certificate. |
| A．1,071 yen. | B．6,120 yen. |
| C．10,710 yen. | D．18,360 yen. |
【推荐1】Mary Anning was an English fossil collector, dealer and paleontologist(古生物学家). Her fossil-hunting helped change the way people thought about the world.
Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary’s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.
In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur(鱼龙).
Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.
Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.
Mary Anning died inl847. How evolution(进化)works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.
1. Why did Mary’s father take his children along the beach?| A．To enjoy life. | B．To make a living. |
| C．To look for fossils. | D．To teach them about fossils. |
| A．Her father was a paleontologist. | B．Her father educated her at home. |
| C．She had nine brothers and sisters in all. | D．She might be popular at that time. |
| A．Charles Darwin. | B．Mary’s dog. | C．Mary. | D．Joseph. |
| A．break | B．shake | C．float | D．dive |
【推荐2】The news that all teachers were expected to attend camp with their students left me feeling unsettled. For the first time in more than 20 years, I would need to spend three days in the early autumn bush with 120 14-year-olds.
I love spending time with teenagers. But I teach Grade 12 English and am 51 years old. There is a difference between a literary seminar on King Lear, no matter how lively it may be, and late-night party in a campground. Besides, my idea of “outdoors” is biking on the Ottawa bike paths or sitting in the backyard with a cup of tea and a good book.
Eventually, we turn down a long dirt track that dives deep into a forest. I read the schedule and note the impressive minute-by-minute detail for the next 72 hours. I’ve never faced such a structured(高度组织化的) time since, well, when I went to camp in Grade 9. I think of home.
The next morning, I arise early. It is 7 a.m. Time for the polar bear dip. Everyone asks if I am going to swim. I respond with lame excuses and then wander, like a Grade 8 boy at the edges of a middle-school dance. Kids charge in, great plumes(股流) of water rising up around them as they shout with joy. My colleagues link arms, count down and run into the water bravely. Toweling off, the swimmers discuss the water temperature. The regret that I knew I would feel starts to kill me. I will now forever be the guy who did not take part in the polar bear dip. I walk slowly up to the dining hall and decide that from that moment on I will commit fully to camp life. My unwillingness to do anything is replaced with a burning desire to do everything.
At 7 a.m. the next morning, I am the first person on the beach in my bathing suit. I dive into the water. I scream about how good it feels. Toweling off afterward, I talk to anyone within earshot about the temperature of the water.
Later that day, the camp winds down. Something has happened in this camp. To the students, for sure, but also to me. When the last camper leaves, I give the camp director a big hug.
1. How did the author feel before the camp?| A．Angry. | B．Disappointed. |
| C．Anxious. | D．Excited. |
| A．To stress its liveliness. | B．To explain its topic. |
| C．To introduce his preference. | D．To show its similarity to camping. |
| A．He is fed up with making excuses. |
| B．He hates to be regret-stricken. |
| C．He desires to show off his swimming skills. |
| D．He is encouraged to do so by his colleagues. |
| A．He has used up his energy. |
| B．He misses home very much. |
| C．He turns into a camp director. |
| D．He has become a camp lover. |
【推荐3】Like Indiana Jones (a fictional character), who undertakes daring adventures in his spare time, my father is a businessman by day and a thrill-seeker by night.
His enthusiasm rubbed off on me, and I have been lucky to be his companion on many adventures. We started out by riding America’s fastest, most twisted roller coasters. After that a whitewater rafting trip through the Grand Canyon（峡谷）on the Colorado River started our search for other extreme thrills across the globe.
Amazing thrills awaited us at every corner of the world. Skydiving was especially thrilling when performed from a helicopter over the breathtaking Swiss Alps. We have bungee jumped from the world’s highest platform, Bloukrans Bridge in South Africa. Most recently, in Interlaken, Switzerland, we attempted canyoning（溪降运动）.
Anyone who loves a challenging thrill should try canyoning. Our adventure began with a 90-foot rope down a canyon wall into a rushing ice-cold river. Then we crossed the bone-chilling water toward the mouth of the river, our final destination, where the reward for the journey would be a whole view of the beautiful Interlaken basin. We slid over slippery rocks at one moment, jumped from waterfalls and swam through underwater tunnels the next. Back and forth we alternated, climbing rope ladders before going back into the fresh mountain water. Certainly, danger was waiting for us in each of these activities, but that very danger provided the rush. Canyoning was indeed one thrill after another, from beginning to end.
While canyoning is possible only in certain places, thrills and adventure can be found anywhere. Our beginnings in the U.S. showed us just that. We continue to seek the big thrills, but in doing so, we have learned to seek lesser excitement in daily life as well. After all, we can’t go canyoning every day, and small thrills are better than none for us thrill-seekers.
1. What do we know about the author’s father?| A．He is a very successful businessman. |
| B．He is doing a part-time job. |
| C．He likes Indiana Jones very much. |
| D．He enjoys experiencing adventures. |
| A．relate to | B．keep off |
| C．affect | D．confuse |
| A．Jumped down from waterfalls and swam across the icy water. |
| B．Jumped down a canyon river and crossed it. |
| C．Climbed over a rope ladder and swam through underwater tunnels. |
| D．Climbed down a canyon wall and swam across the rushing icy river. |
| A．Small thrills in daily life are worth a try as well. |
| B．We had better go abroad to experience canyoning. |
| C．Canyoning is not suitable for everyone. |
| D．America is the most proper place to experience adventures. |
