Recent studies suggest that people who suffer multiple brain injuries are at significant risk for developing chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a brain disorder that causes a variety of dangerous mental and emotional problems to arise weeks, months, or even years after the initial injury. These psychological problems can include depression, anxiety, memory loss, inability to concentrate and so on. The majority of people who develop these issues are athletes who participate in popular high-impact sports, especially football.
Although new sports regulations and improvements in helmet technology can help protect players, amateur leagues, the sports media, and fans all bear some of the responsibility for reducing brain injuries. In response to the growing understanding of this danger, the National Football League (NFL) has revised its safety regulations. In an effort to diminish the amount of head and neck injuries on the field. NFL officials began enforcing stricter penalty calls for helmet-to-helmet contact, leading with the head, and hitting a defenseless player. Furthermore, as of 2010, if a player’s helmet is accidentally wrenched from his head during play, the ball is immediately whistled dead. It is hoped that these new regulations, coupled with advances in helmet design, will reduce the number of brain injuries, and thus curb further cases of CTE.
However, new regulations at the professional level cannot protect amateur players, especially young people. Deadly cases of CTE have been reported in victims as young as 21. Youth, high school and college leagues should also adopt safety rules even stricter than those of the NFL. Furthermore, young athletes should be educated about the serious dangers of head injuries at an early age. Perhaps the most important factor in reducing the number of brain injuries, however, lies not with the players,the coaches, or the administrators, but with the media and fans. Sports media producers have become accustomed to showcasing the most aggressive tackles and the most intense plays. NFL broadcasts often replay especially violent collisions while the commentators marvel at the players physical prowess. Some sports highlights television programs even feature weekly countdowns of the “hardest hits”. When the media exalts such dangerous behavior, professionals are rewarded for injuring each other on the field and amateurs become more likely to try to imitate their favorite NFL athletes. Announcers, commentators, television producers, and sportswriters should engage in a collective effort to cease glorifying brutal plays. In turn, fans should stop expecting their favorite players to put their lives on the line for the purposes of entertainment.
1. Based on information in the passage, it can be inferred that all of the following statements are true except that____________.A.brain injuries can lead to various mental and emotional problems |
B.NFL officials have done little to address the problem of CTE |
C.it is not enough to adopt new regulations to reduce brain injuries at the professional level |
D.sports media is to blame for encouraging brutal plays that often result in brain injuries |
A.inconsistent application of safety regulations for all levels. |
B.lack of education about the dangers of head injuries. |
C.amateur players’ desire to imitate professionals. |
D.the adoption of stricter safety rules by youth, high school, and college leagues. |
A.praises |
B.criticizes |
C.shows |
D.mentions |
A.share his knowledge about CET caused by brain injuries |
B.warn his readers against playing football to avoid brain injuries |
C.call public attention to the new regulations adopted by NFL |
D.convey his ideas about the problem of CET |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】How to Tell if Your Dog Is in Pain
Has your dog been acting differently? Behavioral and physical changes could be their way of telling you they’re in pain. So if they’re showing any of these signs, contact your vet (兽医) to get your dog the care they need.
Eating less
A dog in pain may eat less or not at all. If your dog doesn’t come running when you fill its dish, it may be because of pain or an illness.
Sleeping more or less than usual
If dogs are in pain, they may find it hard to get comfortable at night. Most dogs have a regular sleep schedule they naturally stick to.
Hiding or shying away from contact is a common sign of pain in dogs. Many dogs don’t want to be touched when they’re in pain, especially if a specific area of their body is hurting.
Panting (喘气) heavily
A.Avoiding touch. |
B.Sitting or walking differently. |
C.Try changing the type of its food. |
D.Depending on the position of the pain. |
E.With a little help, they’ll be feeling better in no time. |
F.But their schedule may be out of order if they’re hurt. |
G.A dog’s breaths often quicken if they’re in pain. |
【推荐2】There is some truth to the old belief that achy joints are a sign that bad weather is on the way. Research shows a relationship between pain levels and changes in weather, particularly for people who suffer from chronic conditions such as arthritis (关节炎).
A2019 UK study analyzed the daily pain logs of 13,000 residents with arthritis. Using GPS data from participants’ smartphones, the researchers found connections between pain and humidity (湿度), air pressure and wind speed. Participants were more likely to experience pains on stormy, windy days and least likely to do so when conditions were dry and calm.
It’s unclear why changes in weather may influence pain severity for some people and not for others. “Everyone experiences pain differently,” says Sin Bevan, chief science officer at Arthritis Society Canada. “There are a lot of factors that could impact pain tolerance, including sleep, stress and depression.”
“It’s a good idea to track your symptoms and how certain weather conditions may affect your pain levels,” says Bevan. “From there you can manage expectations for what can be done on days when symptoms are worse.”
Not surprisingly, there’s evidence that the weather may also impact your mood. There are multiple reasons for this connection, according to Dr Max Pemberton, a UK-based psychiatrist. “Less sunlight affects your levels of melatonin, a hormone (激素) directly involved in mood regulation.”
Besides, bad weather may contribute to social isolation and loneliness because we can’t go outside and do things we enjoy with friends and family, explains Pemberton.
Once you understand how the weather impacts you physically or mentally, there are strategies you can try. For example, if you’re sensitive to cold and damp weather, a hot bath could provide relief for achy joints. Regular exercise — even if it has to be indoors — is also known to improve mood and is an important part of pain control.
1. What kind of weather is more likely to cause pain?A.Windy and cloudy weather. |
B.Rainy and windy weather. |
C.Rainy and calm weather. |
D.Calm and dry weather. |
A.There is little to do when pain is severe. |
B.Everyone is affected by weather changes. |
C.A lack of sleep may affect people ‘s mood. |
D.People differ in their ability to suffer pain. |
A.Have a hot bath. | B.Stay in bed. |
C.Hang out with friends. | D.Take some pills. |
A.A biology textbook. | B.A news report |
C.A health magazine. | D.A weather report. |
【推荐3】For many years, Croatian-American recording artist Nenad Bach toured the world performing with famous musicians like Bono and Pavarotti. Everything came to a stop in 2010, however, when Nenad was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease — a progressive disease that affects a person’s movement.
“I love music,” he said. “When I was diagnosed with Parkinson’s in 2010, I didn’t know what it was. Five years later, I couldn’t even play the guitar.”
One day, a friend of Nenad’s asked him to play ping-pong with him, and Nenad said yes. The effects were immediate and positive: he woke up the next day filled with a “desire to live”, and his physical and mental issues had improved. Encouraged, he kept playing.
For months he told everyone around him about how ping-pong was helping his Parkinson’s, but his praise fell on deaf ears. Finally, he took matters into his own hands and started hosting Ping Pong Parkinson’s events at the Westchester Table Tennis Center in Pleasantville, New York. Once the events attracted enough attention, he started an organization called Ping Pong Parkinson (PPP) in March 2017.
PPP hopes to encourage people living with Parkinson’s to play ping-pong for its benefits. In addition to promoting social connectivity, PPP also says that it increases neuroplasticity (神经可塑性) which creates new neural pathways in the brain. Nenad has seen evidence of this with his own eyes many times in the past years. He said that their “facial expression changes from when they arrive until they leave. In addition, some people start walking again.”
Nenad has made spreading the word about the power of ping-pong his new life’s work! He hopes others will take up the sport and see the same improvements he’s enjoyed since the first time he picked up a paddle (乒乓球拍).
1. What happened to Nenad in 2015?A.His disease got worse. | B.He learned to perform. |
C.He began to play the guitar. | D.His acting journey ended. |
A.Organizing social events. | B.Taking his mind off his work. |
C.Setting up Ping Pong Parkinson. | D.Playing ping-pong with his friend. |
A.Uncertain. | B.Favorable. | C.Uninterested. | D.Curious. |
A.Nenad’s fighting against Parkinson |
B.The benefits of playing ping-pong |
C.The severity of Parkinson’s disease |
D.The sporting experience of Nenad |
【推荐1】EARTH DAY CHILDREN’S ART CONTEST
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
What: Draw, paint or create a poster showing how you take care of the Earth.
Who: Children aged 6-12 can enter the contest free of charge.
Rules:
◆Each entry must be designed on a white piece of A4 paper by hand.
◆All entries must be original, including the theme “Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.”
◆A “short” message must be written on the poster. The few words, the better.
◆Send your entry along with your name, age, school name, email address and phone number.
Deadline:
All entries must be submitted by April 16, 2023. Winners will be announced no later than April 22, 2023.
Prize:
— Top three winners will be awarded a $300 gift card each.
— Winners’ drawings will be shown at the Green Team website.
How to participate:
Scan or take a phone of the drawing and send it to GreenTeam@gmail.com.
◆For more information, please call Marshall Jackson at 036-9036.
1. The art contest is intended to advocate ________.A.school projects. | B.environmental protection |
C.team cooperation | D.advanced technology |
A.You cannot copy works from others. |
B.You must add several words to your poster. |
C.You are supposed to submit your entry by April 22, 2023. |
D.You must finish your entry on a piece of A4 paper. |
A.In person. | B.By making a phone call. |
C.By filling a form online. | D.By e-mail. |
【推荐2】
As college sports continue to be hugely popular and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) brings in large amounts of money, people have restarted the discussion on whether college athletes should get paid.
Supporters of the idea believe that, because college athletes are bringing in audiences, they should receive some sort of compensation (补偿). In fact, the NCAA brings in about $1 billion income a year, but college athletes don’t receive any of that money in the form of a paycheck. Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, either by giving them a way to begin earning money in college or requiring them to sign a contract (合同) saying they’ll stay at the university for a certain number of years while making an agreed-upon salary.
People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. Paying athletes would turn college sports into a bidding (竞拍)war, where only the richest schools could afford top athletes, and most schools would be shut out from developing a talented team. It could also harm the friendship within many college teams if players become unhappy that certain teammates are making more money than they are.
Those against paying college athletes also believe that the athletes are receiving enough benefits already. The top athletes receive scholarships that are worth tens of thousands per year. They receive free food and textbooks, get travel bonuses and free equipment, and can use their time in college as a way to attract the attention of professional coaches. No other college students receive anywhere near as much from their schools.
While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives. College athletes have been compensated enough. Adding a salary would result in a college athletic system where only a few athletes are paid by some schools who enter bidding wars to sign them up, while most student athletics and college athletic programs suffer or even shut down for lack of money. Continuing to offer the present benefits to student athletes makes it possible for as many people to benefit from and enjoy college sports as possible.
1. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that college athletes ________.A.have earned what they are promised |
B.tend to serve college longer when well-paid |
C.should make an agreed-upon salary by signing contracts |
D.prefer to stay at university rather than turn professionals |
A.money should be spent on bonuses |
B.schools would be unable to afford it |
C.it could be harmful to college sports |
D.students would value payments over achievements |
A.Uncertain. | B.Satisfied. | C.Positive. | D.Unsupportive. |
【推荐3】The Winter Olympics is also called the White Olympics. At this time, many colorful stamps are published to mark the great Games. The first stamps marking the opening came out on January 25, 1932 in the United States for the 3rd White Olympics. From then on, publishing stamps during the White Olympics became a rule. During the 4th Winter Olympic Games a group of stamps were published in Germany in November 1936. The five rings of Olympics were drawn on the front of the sportswear. It was the first time that the rings appeared on the stamps of the White Olympics. In the 1950’s, the stamps of this kind became more colorful.
When the White Olympics came, the host countries(东道国) as well as the non﹣host countries published stamps to mark those Games. China also published four stamps in February 1980, when the Chinese sports men began to take part in the White Olympics. Japan is the only Asian country that has ever held the White Olympics. Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to raise money for this sports meet. Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stamps. People can enjoy the beauty of the wonderful movements of some sportsmen.
1. The White Olympics and the Winter Olympics ________.A.are the same thing | B.are different games |
C.are not held in winter | D.are held in summer |
A.After the year 1936 | B.After the 3rd White Olympics |
C.Before the year 1980 | D.In the 1950’s |
A.Only the host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games. |
B.Only the non-host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games. |
C.All the countries can publish stamps to mark those Games. |
D.Japan can’t publish stamps to mark those Games |
A.Entertainment. | B.Health. |
C.Sports. | D.Science. |
【推荐1】A culture’s values can be mirrored by its humor. Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes, who, in “On Nature”, disliked humor, “Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others.” He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness.
However, Mordechai Gordon, Ph. D of Education, insists, “Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious.” I agree with Gordon. Learning to look at the world through humor is important.
In the United States, every four years an election occurs. Without humor as a way to express their feelings, how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out (伤心欲绝) and going the way of lemming (盲目跟从) ? Television shows a joke “The Daily Show” have become important parts of American culture. They are mothering the masses by metaphorically (隐喻地) airplane-ing (用鼻子吸食大麻) politics into our mouths. They make politics fun.
Of course, politics is only one type of humor. Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self-image. On the topic of self-image, Hari Kondabolu stands out. He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls”, describing their hit song “Don’t Cha” as a negative representation of women. He points out an obvious offence in American culture.
A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner. Amongst other things, mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner.
Of course, humor is not always used for good purposes. Humor can be linked to vulgarity (粗俗) and racism, but, like everything else, it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves, our failures and our connection with one another.
Though life may seem tough and depressing at times, all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn’t aware of.
With that in mind, remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.
1. Hobbes believes that humor ______.A.was for people to view the world from another angle |
B.resulted in narrow-mindedness of human beings |
C.had the power to mirror personal glory and national values |
D.was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better |
A.by comparison | B.by process | C.by example | D.by classification |
A.Worried. | B.Disappointed. | C.Curious. | D.Appreciative. |
A.The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor. |
B.The author feels helpless and sad about getting older. |
C.Never be the one who laughs at other people. |
D.Chaplin wasn’t aware of being laughed at. |
【推荐2】As people hold different views on almost anything, we live in a judgmental world where people are quick to point out the faults and imperfections of others, yet seem unaware of their own. Some misguided souls believe they have a duty to help you to be a better person by telling you what a failure you really are first and then offering suggestions as to how you can improve.
So what is the possible solution to criticism?
If you are the one forcing others to feel ashamed of themselves, STOP. Make a conscious decision rather than focus on the negative aspect of a person’s performance or attitudes. You are more likely to offer helpful suggestions from the beginning. If you are on the receiving end of criticism, the “OK” response is a perfect solution. When someone comments negatively on a task you are doing or a personality issue of yours, a natural response is to defend and attack. However, this approach is rarely effective as it puts both parties on the defensive. Instead, simply reply with “OK”. This brief one-word response acknowledges the other person’s comment without agreeing with it or feeling necessary to engage in a debate about it.
It is important to remain emotionally attached to what the other person is saying, to listen without feeling, to be an objective observer. In fact, there is much that one can learn from a negative review. You can ask yourself: Did I make a mistake? Could I have done better? Did I give 100% of myself to the task at hand? If so, how can I improve myself? As for chronic(习惯性的) criticizers: It is important to set strict boundary with them. Remove yourself from their presence when necessary.
In any case, one can learn to be “OK” with criticism and not allow it to negatively impact your life or relationship with the other party.
1. What may the author think of people who prefer to judge others?A.Warm-hearted. | B.Self-centered. | C.Talkative. | D.Responsible. |
A.He thinks the suggestions are helpful. |
B.He defenses himself with the response. |
C.He agrees with the comments completely. |
D.He wants to avoid unnecessary arguments. |
A.Having debates. | B.Accepting criticism. |
C.Keeping calm. | D.Avoiding criticizers. |
A.To make a judgment on others. | B.To explain some social behavior. |
C.To call for action against attack. | D.To give advice on facing criticism. |
【推荐3】Smoking in your own home in Thailand may now be considered a crime , if the smoke is considered harmful to other people in the house.
The new law , Family Protection and Development Promotion Act , was initiated(启动) by the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security and was announced in the Royal Gazette on May 22 ,2019.
The law aims at curbing smoking at home which might be hazardous for others' health residing under the same roof. In that case, it will be considered as “domestic violence". The new law came into force on August 20.
According to the center for research and knowledge management for tobacco control , at the Faculty of Medical Science of Mahidol University , there are about 4.9 million households where one or more family members smoke.
An average of 10. 3 million people have unwittingly (不知不觉地) become passive smokers because they've been breathing in smoke at home. Scientific studies show that passive smokers are al greater risk of being affected by cancer.
Of 75 child patients from houses where smoking is practiced ,76% of them were found to have nicotine traces in their urine , with 43% of them having nicotine content exceeding permissible levels.
Smoking at home also “may lead to physical or emotional violence” because of aggressiveness when there is a . lack of smoking, and might as well ruin relationships between smokers and non-smoker family members.
According to the new law , anyone who thinks they are affected by domestic smoking can report to officials concerned so that inspectors will be sent to investigate and take legal action against the smokers.
Once convicted , the court may order a person to receive treatment to quit smoking in an attempt to protect the person's family.
In February in 2019 ,Thailand had banned smoking at six of its airports along with a ban in public places.
1. What is the fact about the new law in Thailand?A.It makes it clear that smoking at home is a crime. |
B.I’s a law on protecting the health of non-smokers. |
C.It was drafted and adopted by the royal family. |
D.It classifies smoking as a form of domestic violence. |
A.Treating. | B.Changing. |
C.Improving. | D.Controlling. |
A.It may increase the risk of cancer in passive smokers. |
B.It will probably cause physical or emotional violence. |
C.It will make the smokers become more aggressive. |
D.It may lead 10 disharmony in family relations. |
A.Smoking is illegal anywhere in Thailand. |
B.Smokers are less likely 10 develop cancer than non-smokers. |
C.People who smoke at home in Thailand will be sent to prison. |
D.Thailand is committed to creating a smoke-free environment. |
【推荐1】Share your poems, get feedback (反馈) for your poetry, and enter poetry contests (竞 赛). Choose from the following poetry contests that you can enter. Get feedback for every poem that you write including your contest entries.
How It Works
As a member, you will get feedback for everything you write. You can enter poetry contests with cash prizes. You will be ranked ( 分等级). Write and see how the feedback you receive influences your rank. Since the year 2000 we have been helping writers improve their writing skills.
Poetry Contests in May
Friendship across cultures
Write a story about a friend that opened your world to another culture.
Deadline: Today!
Technology wars
Write a story on the topic provided in the announcement.
Deadline: Today!
Lyrics make the song
Poetry Contests in June
Pen your newest, and best, song lyric masterpieces and enter them into this contest.
NO POETRY ALLOWED FOR THIS CONTEST!
Must be song lyrics only.
Deadline: June 1st
Unexpected romance
Write a story that brings two people together, two people who don't necessarily realize that they belong together but the audience is rooting for them. Write a story for a cash prize.
Deadline: June 15th
*Click the following link to get more information: https://www.poetrylovers.cn/
1. Which of the following statements about the contests in May is NOT true?A.They are topic-based. |
B.They offer feedback to every entry. |
C.The contestants can write whatever they like. |
D.Entries are due when this announcement comes out. |
A.can’t hand in a poem |
B.should sing a song |
C.get an opportunity to win a cash prize |
D.must enter your work before July 3rd |
A.A writing guide book. | B.A poetry magazine. |
C.A newspaper. | D.A website. |
【推荐2】If you're planning to go on a diet, or if you suffer from serious conditions like diabetes (糖尿病), knowing exactly what and how much you're eating is essential. In this day and age, we have calorie and nutritional calculators even on our smartphones, but they act only as guides, whereas Panasonic's revolutionary new device, CaloRieco, actually analyzes the food on your plate and provides accurate information about in just a few seconds.
You've probably used calorie calculators before, and you know that they only offer general information. For example, a calculator will tell you the average number of calories in a hamburger, but it can't tell you exactly how many calories are in the hamburger. The same goes for nutrients like protein or fats. And this is what makes the new CaloRieco so special.
Displayed at a recent tech show, CaloRieco is a high tech device that uses light reflection technology to determine the nutritional values of almost any food and also provide accurate calorie estimates. All you have to do is put your plate in the box-shaped device and wait between 10 and 20 seconds for it to analyze all the food on there.
Once it's done analyzing the various ingredients in your meal, CaloRieco displays the number of calories, as well as the nutritional content on an LED display. According to Panasonic, the device is able to recognize the vast majority of foods, except soups and very dark dishes.
CaloRieco can also connect to your smartphone via an app, and send all the data about analyzed foods to your handheld, so you can access it whenever you need.
Panasonic said that its outstanding invention is aimed at dieters and diabetes sufferers, both of which make up a sizable market. Unfortunately, you'll have to wait a bit longer to get your hands on your very own CaloRieco, as the device presented at the show is just a prototype (样品) which needs to be improved. It's scheduled to hit the market sometime in the next few years, but the price remains a mystery.
1. What is special about CaloRieco?A.It is a high-tech device working as a guide. |
B.It makes use of light reflection technology. |
C.It only offers general information of food. |
D.It can present the exact data of analyzed food. |
A.It needs a long time to analyze the food. |
B.It can count the calories of all kinds of food. |
C.It can display the food data on the smartphone directly. |
D.It may be well received among dieters and diabetes sufferers. |
A.Smartphone. | B.App. | C.Data. | D.Food. |
A.It's perfect. | B.It's promising. | C.It's costly. | D.It's portable. |
【推荐3】Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Some places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous.
The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in1964. It happened in Alaska.
Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died.
In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.
One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 830, 000 people were killed. This earthquake happened in 1556.
Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People cannot prepare for them.
1. We can infer from the passage that .A.people are not afraid of earthquakes |
B.only strong earthquakes kill a large number of people |
C.earthquakes happen only in a few places along the coast |
D.a large number of earthquakes often happen next to mountains |
A.500. | B.About 2,000. |
C.830,000. | D.140,000. |
A.1964 ; Alaska. | B.1923; Japan. |
C.1556; China. | D.1976; China. |
A.Earthquakes can cause fires. |
B.Earthquakes often come unexpectedly. |
C.The stronger the earthquake is, the more are killed. |
D.People still don’t know when an earthquake will come. |