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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:164 题号:12323681

Gitanjali Rao, a teenager who invented a mobile device to test for lead(铅)in drinking water, is Time's Kid of the Year for 2020. The magazine announced the award Thursday, indicating Rao's ability to apply scientific ideas to real-world problems and her desire to motivate other kids to take up their own causes.

It's just the latest recognition for Rao, 15, who was named last year to the Forbes 30 Under 30 list(福布斯30岁以下青年才俊榜).She won praise in 2017 after she created a device named Tehys, using carbon nanotube sensors to detect lead in water. She was named America's Top Young Scientist when she was in the seventh grade. She went on to collaborate with scientists in the water industry to try to get the device on the market.

More recently , Rao has developed a phone and Web tool named Kindly, which uses artificial intelligence technology to detect possible early signs of cyberbullying(网络欺凌).

Rao was chosen in part because of the way she has followed up her technical work with efforts to get other young people to work on solving the problems they see. "I don't look like the typical scientist. Everything I see on TV is that it's an older, usually white man as a scientist,” she said. “My goal has really shifted not only from creating my own devices to solve the world's problems, but inspiring others to do the same as well. Because, from personal experience, it's not easy when you don't see anyone else like you. So I really want to put out that message: If I can do it, you can do it. and anyone can do it.”

1. What made Rao win Time's Kid of die Year?
A.Her invention and inspiration to others.
B.Her ability to ensure kids' drinking water.
C.Her motivation to solve practical problems.
D.Her way of influencing other young people.
2. What did Rao do when she was 12?
A.She developed a tool called Kindly.
B.She created a device called Tehys.
C.She won America's Top Young Scientists.
D.She became one of the Forbes 30 Under 30.
3. Which can probably replace the word “collaborate” in Paragraph 2?
A.Compete.B.Exchange.C.Cooperate.D.Bargain.
4. What can we know about Rao?
A.She wants to be a typical scientist.B.She once suffered cyberbullying.
C.She lived a hard life when young.D.She encourages others to do like her.

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【推荐1】When Jack Andraka was 15 years old, he created a new diagnostic test for pancreatic cancer. Jack's test is 28 times faster, 26,000 times less expensive and over 100 times more sensitive than the current diagnostic tests. His test earned him first prize at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair, which is like the Olympics of science fairs.

It was after a close family friend died of pancreatic cancer that Jack Andraka became interested in finding a better early-detection diagnostic test. Jack said the solution came to him during his high school biology class. He was secretly reading an article about nanotubes while the teacher was talking about antibodies. Jack said the two ideas came together in his head, and he thought he could combine what the teacher was saying with what he knew about nanotubes to create an early detection test for pancreatic cancer.

Jack Andraka used what he found through Google searches and free online science journals to develop a plan and a budget. Jack contacted about 200 people including researchers at Johns Hopkins University and the National Institutes of Health with a proposal to work in their labs. He got 199 rejections before he finally got an acceptance from Dr. Anirban Maitra, Professor of Oncology at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Jack worked after school every day, on weekends and over holidays at Maitra's lab until he developed his test.

So, think about Jack Andraka the next time you hear that something can't be done. Or, if you receive numerous rejections (close to 200 in Jack Andraka's case) or you're simply hesitating to give one of your ideas a shot. Also, keep in mind that you don't necessarily need a giant team, billions of dollars in resources or even more than 15 years of life experience to do something amazing.

1. Why did Jack decide to work on the diagnostic test?
A.The existing test was not widely used.B.He wanted to win a prize in a science fair.
C.A family friend died of pancreatic cancer.D.He got inspired in his high school biology class.
2. How did Jack work out the test?
A.By cooperating with Google.B.By doing experiments in the lab.
C.By conducting researches online.D.By contacting about 200 people.
3. In which section of a newspaper can this article appear?
A.Life Style & TrendsB.Hospitals & ICUs
C.Inspirational StoriesD.Interesting Discoveries
2021-03-28更新 | 145次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校

【推荐2】Some of the world's most well-known brands, including Ericsson, Volvo and Ikea, all originated from Sweden. The country also brought us the zipper, used by many men in the world on a daily basis, according to Swedish Wire, a news website.

With a population of barely over 9 million and gross domestic production (GDP) at about $538 billion in 2011—just a thirteenth that of China. Sweden seems like an unlikely candidate for a leader of innovation (创新). Yet, for the past three years, it has consistently topped the European Commission's Regional Innovation Scoreboard, coming first in 2010 and 2012, and second in 2011.

Sweden's neighbors, including Denmark, famous for such brands as Nokia and Lego, are also known for their innovative cultures.

How have these Scandinavian countries managed to make these achievements?

Pasi Sahlerrg, Director General of the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture's Centre for International Mobility, believes the education system is central to the success of Scandinavian countries. A key feature of this system is that every child's education is personalized and teachers are highly trained.

"In Finland, 'School-readiness' means getting the school ready to meet the needs of its students, rather than getting the students ready for school," said Sahlerrg.

Limited homework, no standardized tests and the absence of a national curriculum are intended to teach students how to manage themselves independently and to organize their time creatively, both vital for encouraging innovation.

Of course, there are factors beyond the education system that also determine the rate of innovation. So how to imitate Scandinavia's success in innovation? Foster (培育) a well-educated generation, provide it with the necessary financial resources, establish a supportive policy environment for it to turn the innovative ideas it generates into success.

1. The first paragraph is written to ________.
A.introduce the topic of the textB.describe some quality products
C.list some famous brands from SwedenD.quote a Swedish website
2. As a leading country in innovation, Sweden ________.
A.was Number One in innovation over the past three years
B.is well-known for its innovative cultures
C.presents to the world such brands as Nokia and Lego
D.had a very high GDP in 2011
3. According to Pasi Sahlerrg, Scandinavia's success in innovation lies in ________.
A.school-readinessB.the system of education
C.teacher trainingD.personalized teaching
4. What is a feature of Scandinavia's education?
A.Loads of homework.B.Strict examinations.
C.No national curriculum.D.Necessary financial resources.
2017-05-02更新 | 62次组卷
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【推荐3】Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material.It is cheap,durable,easily available,and most importantly,environmentally sustainable.The one thing it is not,is transparent! Now thanks to a team of scientists at Stockholm’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology the material may even be able to add that feature to its already impressive list.

Lead researcher Dr,Lars Berglund said he was inspired to create the transparent wood after learning how Japanese researchers had developed   a   see-through paper for use in flexible display screens for electronic devices.The team began by pulling out the wood’s lignin(木质素).The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer(聚合物)and baked at a temperature of 158°F for four hours.The result was a hybrid product that was not only stronger and lighter than the original wood but also,almost transparent.The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood.

While scientists have previously created a see-through wood for small-scale applications like computer chips,the transparent wood is the first one being considered for large scale applications.The researchers,who revealed their findings in Biomacromolecules on April 11,picture using the transparent wood in buildings to allow for more natural light,or to create windows that let in the desired amount of light without sacrificing privacy.

Wood that allows light to pass through could lead to a brighter future for homes and buildings.Berglund also thinks the wood could play a significant role in the design of solar panels.The semitransparent material would be able to keep light longer and give it more time to interact with the conductor,thus resulting in better solar efficiency.Additionally,substituting the currently used glass with this new product would help solar energy manufacturers improve their carbon footprint and lower the cost.They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the transparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use.

1. What does the underlined part“that feature”in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A.Cheap.B.Durable.C.Sustainable.D.Transparent.
2. Which of the following correctly shows the process in which the transparent wood is made?
①Dip the wood into a polymer.        ②Adjust the amount of the polymer.
③Make the wood lignin-free.        ④Bake the wood for some time.
A.③→①→④→②B.③→①→②→④
C.①→②→③→④D.④→③→②→①
3. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A.Berglund got the idea of transparent wood while making paper.
B.Varying the amount of the polymer changes the wood’s hardness.
C.The transparent wood would be used only for homes and buildings.
D.The cost of making the transparent wood still needs to be cut down.
4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A.The bright future of the transparent wood.
B.The wood’s role in the design of solar panels.
C.The disadvantages of the currently used glass.
D.Solar energy manufacturers’carbon footprint.
2019-03-19更新 | 100次组卷
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