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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:205 题号:12419584

The world’s hottest rainforest is located not in the Amazon or anywhere else you might expect, but inside Biosphere (生物圈) 2, the experimental scientific research facility in the desert outside Tucson, Arizona. A recent study of tropical trees planted there in the early 1990s reported a surprising result: They have withstood temperatures higher than any likely to be experienced by tropical forests this century.

The study adds to a growing number of findings that are giving forest scientists something that’s been in short supply lately : hope. Plants may have unexpected resources that could help them survive — and perhaps even prosper — in a hotter, more carbon-rich future. And while tropical forests still face both human and natural threats, some researchers believe terrible reports of their approaching decline due to climate change may have been overstated.

“Biology is clever, ”says Scott Saleska, an ecologist at the University of Arizona in Tucson and co-leader of the Biosphere 2 study. “It’s a lot smarter than our models yet represent.”

The last few years have seen a flood of alarming reports about forests and climate change’s effects on them. Scientists have announced that the Amazon forest is no longer a reliable carbon sink; the Amazon rainforest may be nearing a tipping point; tropical forests globally are already close to the hottest temperatures they can tolerate and climate change is killing off old trees.

One thing is certainly true: Our fossil fuel emissions are creating a climate that humans have never seen and trees haven’t experienced in a very long time.“We’re pushing tropical forests into temperatures they’ve never seen since the Cretaceous — since there were dinosaurs,” says Abigail Swann, an ecologist and climate scientist at the University of Washington in Seattle.

1. Where is the hottest rainforest located according to the article?
A.In the Amazon tropical forest.B.In a research facility in Arizona.
C.In the rainforest in Brazil.D.At the University of Arizona.
2. What can we conclude from the second paragraph?
A.Forest scientists still lack numbers of findings about rainforest.
B.Plants may not survive in hot and carbon rich future than expected.
C.Plants may survive in hotter and more carbon-rich environment.
D.People may overstate the climate change in the future.
3. How will the fossil fuel emissions change the climate?
A.We have never seen the climate change due to greenhouse.
B.The fossil fuel emissions may destroy the whole ecosystem.
C.The temperatures may reach as high as those in dinosaur period.
D.The fossil fuel emissions may create a climate plants can’t bear.
4. What may be the best title of the article?
A.The world’s hottest rainforest in the wild
B.Plants may die of fossil fuel emissions due to mankind
C.The Amazon forest is declining quickly in the future
D.Plants may stand hotter temperature than expected

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阅读理解-阅读单选(约320词) | 适中 (0.65)
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项实验,该实验表明狗的聪明程度超出人们的想象。

【推荐1】“We thought dogs would behave like children under age 5, but now we guess that perhaps dogs can understand when someone is dishonest,” says Huber at the University of Vienna in Austria. “Maybe they think, ‘This person has the same knowledge as me, but is giving me the wrong information.’ It’s possible they could see that as intentionally misleading, which is lying.”

Once that trust was established, the team had the dogs witness another person move the food from the first to the second bowl. The communicators were either in the room, and also witnessed the switch, or were briefly absent and so apparently unaware that the food had been switched. In either case, the communicators would later recommend the first bowl, which was now empty.

In previous versions of this experiment with children under age 5, the participants reacted in particular ways. They would typically ignore the communicator who gave honest but misleading advice on where the food was. However, if the communicator had been in the room and witnessed the switch, but still recommended the first (now empty) bowl, young children were actually much more likely to follow the communicator’s knowingly misleading suggestion.

This may be because the children and non-human primates (灵长类) trusted the communicator over the evidence of their own eyes, says Huber.

The dogs in the new experiment, however, weren’t so trusting of lying communicators, much to the researchers’ surprise, says Huber. Half of the dogs would follow the communicator’s misleading advice if the communicator hadn’t witnessed the food switch. But about two-thirds of dogs ignored the communicator who had witnessed the food switch and still recommended the now-empty bowl. These dogs simply went to the bowl filled with food instead. “They did not rely on the communicator anymore,” says Huber.

1. What do Huber’s words in paragraph 1 imply?
A.Dogs won’t believe people any longer.
B.Dogs can be trained to act like children.
C.Dogs can understand everything humans mean.
D.Dogs are a lot cleverer than we thought.
2. What’s the purpose of paragraph 3?
A.To draw a conclusion.B.To sum up the reason.
C.To make a comparison.D.To lead in a new experiment.
3. Who would the dogs trust after the food was moved?
A.The one who moved the food.
B.The one who didn’t see the food switch.
C.The one who moved the food and recommended the wrong bowl.
D.The one who saw the food switch and recommended the wrong bowl.
4. What can we conclude from the passage?
A.Dogs can sometimes tell when people are lying.
B.Dogs are cleverer than children under age 5.
C.We can train dogs to find food in different ways.
D.We should be honest like dogs.
2022-06-13更新 | 81次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐2】Winter begins in the north on December 22nd. People and animals have been doing what they always do to prepare for the colder months. Squirrels (松鼠), for example, have been busy gathering nuts from trees. Well, scientists have been busy gathering information about what the squirrels do with the food they collect.

They examined differences between red squirrels and gray squirrels in the American state of Indiana. The scientists wanted to know how these differences could affect the growth of black walnut (黑胡桃) trees. The black walnut is the nut of choice for both kinds of squirrels. The black walnut tree is also a central part of some hardwood forests.

Rob Swihart of Purdue University did the study with Jake Goheen, a former Purdue student now at the University of New Mexico. The two researchers estimate that several times as many walnuts grow when gathered by gray squirrels as compared to red squirrels. Gray squirrels and red squirrels do not store nuts and seeds in the same way. Gray squirrels bury nuts one at a time in a number of places. But they seldom remember where they buried every nut. So some nuts remain in the ground. Conditions are right for them to develop and grow the following spring. Red squirrels, however, store large groups of nuts above ground. Professor Swihart calls “death traps for seeds”.

Gray squirrels are native to Indiana. But Professor Swihart says their numbers began to decrease as more forests were cut for agriculture. Red squirrels began to spread through the state during the past century.

The researchers say red squirrels are native to forests that stay green all year, unlike walnut trees. They say the cleaning of forest land for agriculture has helped red squirrels invade Indiana. Jake Goheen calls them a sign of an environmental problem more than a cause.

1. The study done by Rob Swihart and Jake Goheen is to ________.
A.find out the living conditions for squirrels
B.learn squirrels’ influence on black walnut trees
C.do something to get rid of squirrels
D.save the forests in the American state of Indiana
2. The difference between gray squirrels and red squirrels mainly lies in ________.
A.the way they gather the walnut
B.the time they have winter sleep
C.the place they have winter sleep
D.the place they store the walnuts
3. When Professor Swihart says “death traps for seeds”, he actually means that ________.
A.red squirrels eat more nuts than gray squirrels
B.gray squirrels and red squirrels will have severe fights
C.nuts above the ground will not develop into plants
D.seeds can be traps for other animals in the forest
4. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A.The black walnut is equally attractive to both gray and red squirrels.
B.Gray squirrels do more harm to the forest than red squirrels.
C.Red squirrels and gray squirrels have helped the spread of walnut trees.
D.The cleaning of forest land benefits red squirrels directly.
2016-11-26更新 | 267次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐3】No trip to the beach would be complete without a group of hungry gulls. But be careful, because one of those gulls may soon go after your food. “There's a very small number of very daring individuals that seem to harm the reputation of the whole species.”

Neeltje Boogert, an animal behavior researcher at the University of Exeter, studied the food-snatching habits of gulls in seaside towns in the southern U.K. and found that very few-only the bravest, would actually take the food or make that the bite.

The experiment went like this: A researcher crouched near a gull, then set out a plastic bag of French fries. For those brave gulls that then started to approach, the researcher either stared straight at the gull, as in “I see you, thief,” or simply looked away. And it turned out, staring down at the gulls made them hesitate 21 seconds on average before approaching the fries.

Gulls aren't the only ones who behave better when being watched. A 2006 study found that people paid three times as much for their drinks at an unattended honor-system coffee bar when just an image of staring eyes was displayed nearby.

As for the gulls, Boogert points out that we need to learn to live with them—because the particular species she studied is on the U.K.'s Red List of Birds of Conservation Concern.

“The thing is: people don't want to have a seaside holiday without gulls there. So it's just trying to find ways to live together with one of the only wildlife species we still have around in these coastal areas.”

“So don't turn your back on the gulls,” she says. “Both seemingly for conserving the species and, of course, actually—for conserving your lunch.”

1. What does the author want to say about gulls in Paragraph l?
A.People go to the beach mainly for the gulls.B.People think highly of gulls' courage.
C.Gulls have a bad reputation for wasting food.D.Gulls sometimes steal food from beach goers.
2. What is the research method used by Dr. Boogert and her team?
A.Doing experimentsB.Completing questionnaires.
C.Referring to documents.D.Making interviews.
3. What does the underlined word “unattended” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Not being loved.B.Not being involved.
C.Not being watched.D.Not being needed.
4. What does Dr. Boogert mean in the last paragraph?
A.British people are fond of gulls.B.British people care little about gulls.
C.British people should protect gulls.D.British people should be warned of gulls.
2021-06-26更新 | 151次组卷
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