Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat (热). However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time—about eight hours after you wake up - your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern (模式). They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.
In many parts of the world, people take naps (小睡) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer climates (气候), where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional (传统的), people often suffer less from problem such as heart disease.
Many working people unfortunately, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap - even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.
1. Why do people feel sleepy in the early afternoon according to the text?| A．They eat too much for lunch. | B．They sleep too little at night. |
| C．Their body temperature becomes lower. | D．The weather becomes a lot warmer. |
| A．About 12:30 pm. | B．About 1:30 pm. | C．About 2:30 pm. | D．About 3:30 pm. |
| A．Just for a Rest | B．All for a Nap |
| C．A Special Sleep Pattern. | D．Taking Naps in Warmer Climate. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Laptop computers give us easy access to our emails, the Internet, or anything else you would use a computer.
You are looking for a laptop that suits your needs well, so if you are frequently traveling or are going to be transporting your laptop to different locations frequently, you must want to get a laptop that is light and not one that is big and bulky.
Consider what kinds of computer software programs you will be using on your laptop or notebook computer.
This will help you determine what kind of operating system would be best for you. Options include getting the Windows operating system on your laptop or getting a Mac notebook.
If you are performing more simple applications such as surfing the Internet and creating Word documents, you don’t need a computer with the most processing power. These lower processing power computers are often referred to as notebooks.
Consider how you will be connecting to the Internet.
If you’ll be using an Ethernet cable to connect to a home network, you will want a notebook with a wired Ethernet port.
Consider the battery life.
If you will be moving around frequently and need to use your computer in places where you can’t plug it in, be sure to get a laptop with a longer battery life.
Consider the security features.
Some notebooks come with additional security features.
If you will be multi-tasking and using multiple computer programs at the same time, be sure to get a notebook with more RAMs and a faster processor than normal.
| A．If you plan on connecting to the Internet from multiple places such as cafes or libraries, choose a computer that is Wi-Fi compatible. |
| B．Consider how you plan on using the laptop. |
| C．Laptops have many different sizes and features so you have to focus on what is important to you as a user. |
| D．Consider the size of the notebook computer |
| E．It is likely that other notebook and laptop users will have opinions about available products, so try to take them to heart when weighing your options. |
| F．Consider upgrades and limitations. |
| G．It’s possible to require an extra password to gain access to the operating system. |
【推荐2】“Work hard, play hard” is a commonly used phrase that refers to having a good work-life balance.
Assess how you spend your free time
Estimate how much free time you have each week and then make a list of the different activities you typically do outside of work. For a more accurate assessment, consider tracking how you spend your free time over the next week by keeping a log of your daily activities.
Make a list of things that interest you
Consider what hobbies, topics and activities interest you.
While many people keep a schedule for work, scheduling your play time can also be beneficial. You can use a calendar or scheduling software to block off the times you plan to spend on work. Then, consider what personal goals you have for the week, what habits you would like to implement and what activities you might enjoy. You can create a list to help you stay organized.
| A．Schedule your work time and your play time. |
| B．Identify your work goals and reward yourself for achieving them. |
| C．It can also help you learn new skills, decrease stress and improve your self-esteem. |
| D．If you want to strive to achieve a healthy work-life balance by embracing this lifestyle, adopting the work hard, play hard lifestyle may benefit you. |
| E．For example, if you want to write a novel this year, you might set a daily or weekly word count goal to help you track your progress. |
| F．At the end of the week, reflect on how much time you spent on hobbies, activities or interests that bring you joy. |
| G．Perhaps you’ve always wanted to learn a new language, play tennis or learn to play the piano. |
【推荐3】Net Smartz advises using the following "Internet Safety Pledge（誓言）"to make sure of kids' safety on the Internet.Here is the safety pledge for middle and high school students...
I will set up some rules of going online with my parents,including the time of the day I may be online,the length of time I may be online and whom I may communicate with.
I will keep my identity secret from people online.I will never give away personal information such as my full name,my mailing address,my telephone number,the name of my school,or may other information that could help someone know my actual identity.
If I come across some information that is rude or makes me feel frightened,uncomfortable,or confused,I won't react to it.
Since the biggest danger to my safety is getting together with someone I have "met" online,I won't meet in person with anyone unless my parents agree.
| A．There are many possible dangers for the children to go online by themselves. |
| B．If they agree,I will ask them to go with me. |
| C．I will respect others' rights while I am online. |
| D．I won't believe in anyone that I meet on the Internet. |
| E．And I will show the message to a trusted adult for help right away. |
| F．I will not do anything against the rules. |
| G．I won't give away an personal information about my friends or family,either. |
【推荐1】How your relationships affect your life expectancy(预期寿命)
You probably know that things like diet and alcohol drinking affect your life expectancy, but what about relationships?
While our relationships offer us so many gifts like companionship, laughter, fun and joy, they offer us so much more than that. Our relationships quite literally give us life.
Social integration(融合) is related to greater life satisfaction, better health and increased life expectancy. People with wide social networks are more likely to be happy, experience fewer health issues, experience better mental health and to live a lot longer.
Having a solid social network is important for good health
The safety and support experienced within our connections help calm our stress-response system, keeping away from serious stress-related diseases.
The quality of our relationships matters
Now this doesn’t mean that we should dive head first into a relationship whenever we’re lonely in order to avoid early death.
The good news is that the worsening of our health often takes decades to occur. And if our health is in fact harmed, social integration can help reduce the health issues we have acquired.
| A．Keep healthy and live longer |
| B．The importance of human connection |
| C．Let’s explore how relationships can give you life. |
| D．Or that we should seek to join just any social group. |
| E．We should choose wisely to join a group that benefits our health. |
| F．All of this said, it’s largely clear that human connection is important. |
| G．However, lacking social connection can cause anxiety, depression and stress-related diseases. |
【推荐2】Night owls, people who stay up late and struggle to get out of bed in the morning, are more likely to die sooner than morning larks, the first study into their death rates has found.
New research by the University of Surrey and Northwestern University in the US found that people who naturally stay up late were 10 per cent more likely to die within the six-and-a-half-year study period compared to those who preferred the morning.
Researchers say that the ongoing stress of operating in a traditional 9-5 society was having a huge effect on millions of people and could be shortening their lives.
“This is a public health issue that can no longer be ignored,” said Malcolm von Schantz, a professor of chronobiology at the University of Surrey. “We should discuss allowing evening types to start and finish work later, where practical. And we need more research about how we can help evening types deal with the higher effort of keeping their body clock in line with sun time.”
The research involved nearly 500,000 Brits aged between 38 and 73 and found that around nine per cent considered themselves evening people, while 27 per cent identified as morning types.
In the new study, Scientists found owls had higher rates of diabetes, psychological disorders and neurological disorders. But the team has previously shown that whether someone is an owl or a lark is half genetic and half environment, meaning there may be ways to keep body clock issues under control.
The team recommends that night owls can help themselves by trying to become exposed to light early in the morning and not at night. Keeping regular bedtimes, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and trying to do tasks earlier in the day can help to reset body rhythms.
The study was published in the journal Chronobiology International.
1. What does the underlined word “their” in Paragraph 3 refer to?| A．Night owls’ | B．Morning larks |
| C．Researchers’ | D．Scientists’ |
| A．People who stay up late may die before age 7. |
| B．Staying up late is no longer a public health issue. |
| C．When people should start work will be discussed later. |
| D．More research is needed to help solve the problem. |
| A．Get up early. | B．Make full use of morning hours. |
| C．Get exposed to sunlight more often. | D．Go to bed at a fixed time. |
| A．To tell the differences between two types of people. |
| B．To introduce readers the result of a new research. |
| C．To warn night owls of their bad genes and environments. |
| D．To argue morning larks usually live longer than night owls. |
【推荐3】Bedtime Rituals
At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show.
A bedtime ritual is important not only because it prepares you for sleep but also because it helps establish healthy sleep habits. If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes.
Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up (蜷曲) under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low.
| A．Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety. |
| B．For adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour. |
| C．But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better. |
| D．Then when the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready. |
| E．There’s no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual. |
| F．Evidence indicates that people who read a book in bed have better sleep quality. |
【推荐1】A star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she was riven by self-criticism. “I’m at peak fitness, and I practice hard. How is this happening?” She asked.
This student believes she should be able to control the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work. She has a sense that hours on the field should get her exactly where she needs to go. Many students have similar mentality. When they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fail, they are crushed by self-blame. If my achievements are mine to control, they reason, my failures must be entirely my fault, too.
We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from discomfort. But there is something else at play: a false promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.
Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mindset” research, which has found that praising children for effort will increase academic performance. A 2018 analysis found that while praising effort over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone.
One possible explanation comes from Suniya Luthar, who argued in a research paper that for teens in wealthy, pressure-cooker communities, “it is not a lack of motivation and perseverance (毅力) that is the big problem. Instead, it is unhealthy perfectionism, and difficulty with backing off when they should, when the desire for achievements is over the top.” They push themselves onward in face of impossible goals. A 2007 study found that teens who refused to give up impossible goals showed higher levels of C-reaction protein, a marker of systemic inflammation (全身炎症) linked to heart disease and other medical conditions. A 2014 study showed a connection between the perfectionist tendencies and depression.
The cruel reality is that you can do everything in your power and still fail. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we adults should help students pursue success in healthier ways in part by redefining failure as a feature, not a bug, of learning. At Smith College where I teach, students are asked to explore how setbacks and missteps made them stronger or more effective. We would be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of sucker-punching (意外打击) us when we least expect it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.
1. Why was star athlete trapped by self-blame?| A．She broke down during the match. |
| B．She didn’t try her best in the match. |
| C．She believed hard work should pay off. |
| D．She thought she should have practiced harder. |
| A．Lack of motivation and perseverance leads to teens’ failure. |
| B．Praising children for effort increases academic performance. |
| C．Children struggle with failure due to parents’ over-protection. |
| D．Unhealthy perfectionism causes physical and emotional stress. |
| A．help students learn from failure |
| B．protect students from discomfort |
| C．reward students for their hard work |
| D．explore the cause of students’ failure |
| A．Effort equals achievement. |
| B．Motivation is the key to success. |
| C．Success is not always under control. |
| D．Effort is more important than ability. |
From computer - equipped rooms, examinees will answer the questions on a computer. If they are sure about their choices, they can pass to the next question by pressing the entry (条目) “next”. Then another question will be randomly (任意地) selected from a vast test item bank and appear on the screen. After answering all the questions, examinees can choose the entry “quit” if they are not satisfied with their performance, or “score” if they want to see the result. Scores will be calculated immediately and appear on the screen. By that point, student's marks are official--there is no going back.
Since they greatly shorten the painful waiting process-which used to be two or three months, computerized tests have won worldwide popularity. Besides, there will be no rushing to the registration offices (登记处) for these exams. Computerized tests will be given every workday in an exam center with all three kinds of tests being held in the same room. All test takers need to do is to call the exam center and book their seats for a particular day.
In addition it will become technically possible to apply new testing procedures. In the past, each examinee had the same set of test items despite differences in their ability. Under a computerized system, however, if the computer judges an answer is right, a question of a relatively difficult nature will follow. But if an examinee continues to give wrong answers and is judged as un-qualified by the computer system, he will be automatically denied the chance to go further in the test.
1. Computerized tests allow the examinee to know their scores ______.
| A．immediately on a central computer for scoring test papers |
| B．a few minutes after the exam with the help of a test center worker |
| C．on the next day after they have taken the exam |
| D．immediately after the exam by means of the same computer |
| A．he can admit defeat and give it up | B．he can ask the computer to give some advice |
| C．he can ask another chance within a few days | D．he is allowed to do it once again |
| A．different exams can be taken in the same room |
| B．one doesn’t need to rush to the registration officer for taking an exam |
| C．it will be much easier to pass an examination |
| D．one can take an exam almost at any time of the year |
| A．refused | B．allowed | C．lost | D．passed |
【推荐3】Most plants you see out in nature are leafy and green, at least for some part of their lives. That’s because they use green pigments, which are called chlorophyll (叶绿素), to harvest energy from sunlight. But the plant Hydnora Africana, doesn’t have leaves or chlorophyll at all.
So, how can it survive? Well, it’s a parasite (寄生), and H Africana attaches itself to other plants’ roots, and begins getting sugars, minerals, and water from its host.
At the same time, the parasite grows a root system, living completely underground, until it’s ready to reproduce. At which point, it grows one of the strangest looking flowers in the world. When the flower’s mature, it breaks the soil from beneath and reaches out in order to be pollinated (授粉).
But just as this plant doesn’t look like the normal flower, it doesn’t smell like one either. It gives out a smell like a rotting (腐烂) animal . The smell attracts insects and flies looking for a delicious meal. But when they get inside the flower and find no tasty treat, they can’t get back out again.
There’s a sort of room inside the flower, and the top of the room closes behind the insects. The walls of the flower are also slippery, making escape even more difficult.
Over the course of about a day, the flower’s male organs mature, and the insects get coated in pollen. And at the end of this transformation, the inside of the plant gets less slippery, and the chamber opens, allowing the insects and flies to escape.
At that point, attracted by a new rotting smell, they might just find another H Africana flower and pollinate it as they fall inside.
1. Why is chlorophyll so important to plants?| A．Chlorophyll gives plants green color. |
| B．Chlorophyll helps leaves to grow. |
| C．Chlorophyll can harvest energy from sunlight. |
| D．Plants cannot survive without Chlorophyll . |
| A．It’s a parasite without roots. |
| B．It gets food through other plants’ root. |
| C．It never grows out of the ground. |
| D．Its flowers smell sweet. |
| A．find tasty treat inside the flower. |
| B．never get out of the flower again. |
| C．get little chance to pollinate successfully. |
| D．escape after being trapped about a day. |
| A．What is a parasite. |
| B．How a parasite to survive. |
| C．How H Africana reproduce. |
| D．Why bad smell is so useful. |
