People in China consume 10 grams of salt a day on average, twice the amount recommended by the World Health Organization, and over the past four decades adults in China have had among the highest salt consumption in the world.
Salt intake in China is confirmed to be among the highest in the world, with adults over the past four decades consistently consuming on average above 10g of salt a day, which is more than twice the recommended limit, according to new research led by Queen Mary University of London.
The systematic review and meta-analysis(系统评价和荟萃分析), funded by the National Institute for Health Research and published in the Journal of the American Heart Association,also found that Chinese children aged 3-6 are eating the maximum amount of salt recommended by the World Health Organization for adults (5g a day)while older children eat almost 9g/day. Excessive salt intake raises blood pressure,a major cause of strokes and heart disease, which accounts for approximately 40 percent of deaths in the Chinese population.
The team reviewed all data ever published on salt intake in China (which involved about 900 children and 26,000 adults across the country) and found that salt intake has been consistently high over the past four decades, with a North-South divide.
While salt intake in northern China is among the highest in the world (11.2g a day) it has been declining since the 1980s when it was 12.8g a day, and most markedly since the 2000s.
This could be the result of both governmental efforts in salt awareness education and the lessened reliance on pickled (腌制的) food—owing to a greater year-round availability of vegetables.
However, this trend of decrease was not seen in southern China, which has vastly increased from 8.8g a day in the 1980s to 10.2g a day in the 2010s.
This could be due to governmental efforts being mitigated by the growing consumption of processed foods and out-of-home meals.
These latest results contradict (相矛盾) those of previous studies based on the data which reported declines in salt intake across the country.
1. What is the function of Paragraph One?A.To warn the readers of the danger of salt. |
B.To carry out the research of salt intake |
C.To display the dietary habits of Chinese. |
D.To lead to the topic of the passage. |
A.Out-of-home meals can reduce the salt consumption of Chinese people. |
B.Chinese people have a 40-year history of extra salt. |
C.Adequate vegetable supply throughout the year might help decrease salt intake. |
D.People of southern and northern China are advised to take in equal amount of salt. |
A.Research conducted to help Chinese decline salt intake |
B.Serious situation of salt intake in China |
C.Salt intake habits varying from place to place in China |
D.Salt intake causing health problems to Chinese |
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【推荐1】A small piece of fish each day may keep the heart doctor away. That's the finding of a study of Dutchmen in which deaths from heart disease were more than 50 percent lower among those who consumed at least an ounce of salt water fish per day compared to those who never ate fish.
The Dutch research is one of three human studies that give strong scientific support to the long-held belief that eating fish can provide health benefits, particularly to the heart.
Heart disease is the number-one killer in the United States, with more than 550,000 deaths occurring from heart attacks each year. But previous research has shown that the level of heart disease is lower in cultures that consume more fish than Americans do. There are fewer heart disease deaths, for example, among the Eskimos of Greenland, who consume about 14 ounces of fish a day, and among the Japanese, whose daily fish consumption(消耗)averages more than 3 ounces.
For 20 years, the Dutch study followed 852 middle-aged men, 20 percent of whom ate no fish. At the start of the study, average fish consumption was about two-thirds of an ounce each day, with more men eating lean fish than fatty fish.
During the next two decades, 78 of the men died from heart disease. The fewest deaths were among the group who regularly ate fish, even at levels far lower than those of the Japanese or Eskimos. This relationship was true regardless of other factors such as age, high blood pressure, or blood cholesterol(胆固醇)levels.
1. The passage is mainly about___________.A.the effect of fish-eating on people's health |
B.the high incidence of heart disease in some countries |
C.the changes in people's diet |
D.the daily fish consumption of people in different cultures |
A.Advertisements | B.Movies |
C.Briefs | D.Health and Diet |
A.in countries of the yellow-skin race |
B.in the countries with high consumption of fish |
C.in highly-developed countries |
D.in the countries with good production of fish |
A.the kind of fish eaten | B.the amount of fish eater |
C.regular fish-eating | D.people of different areas |
【推荐2】Choose your food wisely and you can add years to your life. Our list of anti-aging food goes way beyond green tea!
Don’t panic — no one is saying you have to give up your steak — but doing a few meatless meals a week can increase the number of weeks in your life.
Carrots are the typical healthy food.
Not only are blueberries delicious, but they’re also full of tons of nutrients, namely Vitamins A and C, as well as anti-aging antioxidants (抗氧化物质)like anthocyanin (花青素). A higher intake of anthocyanin may be associated with reductions in age-related decline to help preserve your health as you get older. The antioxidants found in blueberries can also protect against oxidative damage to your cells.
A.Since they are delicious |
B.When it comes to anti-aging foods |
C.If you eat nuts in your diet regularly |
D.Sometimes your health depends on your mouth |
E.And they decrease the risk of heart disease, and other diseases |
F.Adding plant sources of protein can help extend your life span |
G.Therefore, it’s probably no surprise to hear they’re really good for you. |
【推荐3】It's well-known that different foods provide us with different kinds of energy, and a balance of different kinds of food is good for our health. Here is a general introduction to the main food groups in our daily diet.
•Grains
Grains include all of those foods made from wheat, rice and other grain products. These foods provide us with fibre and iron. There are two main types of grains. whole grains and refined(精制的)grains.
•Vegetables and fruits
This group includes. all types of fruits. and vegetables.
•Meat products
•Milk products
Milk products include those that are made from milk sources, such as cheese. These products provide us with vitamins and minerals, including calcium(钙)and vitamin D.
A.This group is made up of meat, fish and the like. |
B.Refined grains are lower in fibre than whole grains. |
C.Meat and fish contain more protein than other food groups. |
D.Knowing about the different food groups can help us keep healthy and fit. |
E.Such a group can provide us with basic vitamins, including vitamins B and C. |
F.Try to eat or drink milk products every day, like a cup of milk, or 50 grams of cheese. |
G.To keep fit, we should know that it is very important for us to eat more vegetables and fruits. |
But a new trend calls on people to unplug and enjoy reading slowly, listing benefits beyond intellectual stimulation.
A recent story from The Wall Street Journal reported on a book club in Wellington, New Zealand, where members meet in a cafe and turn off their smart phones. They sink into cozy chairs and read in silence for an hour.
Unlike traditional book clubs, the point of the Slow Reading Club isn’t exchanging ideas about a certain book, but to get away from electronic devices and read in a quiet, relaxed environment. According to the Journal, the Wellington book club is just one example of a movement initiated (发起) by book lovers who miss the old-fashioned way of reading before the Internet and smart phones.
Slow readers, such as The Atlantic’s Maura Kelly, say a regular reading habit sharpens the mind, improves concentration, reduces stress levels and deepens the ability to empathize.
Some of these benefits have been backed up by science. For example, a study of 300 elderly people published by the journal Neurology last year showed that regular engagement in intellectually strenuous activities like reading slowed the rate of memory loss later in life.
Slow reading means a return to an uninterrupted pattern in a quiet environment free of distractions. “Aim for 30 minutes a day,” advises Kelly from The Atlantic. “You can squeeze in that half hour pretty easily if only during your free moments – whenever you find yourself automatically firing up your laptop to check your favorite site, or scanning Twitter for something to pass the time – you pick up a meaningful work of literature,” Kelly said. “Reach for your e-reader, if you like. Kindles make books like War and Peace less heavy, not less substantive(真实的), and also ensure you’ll never lose your place.”
1. We prefer speed –reading because ____.
A.we rely on e-mails and tweets too much. |
B.we are busier than before |
C.we have to read faster to get more information |
D.we do not enjoy reading any more |
A.share their ideas about a certain book |
B.read old-fashioned books |
C.read as many books as possible |
D.to enjoy slow reading |
A.the benefits of regular reading hasn’t been proved |
B.for elderly people ,a good reading habit helps slow memory loss |
C.speed reading can improve concentration and reduce stress levels |
D.more elderly people enjoy slow reading now |
A.a software for downloading e-books |
B.a software that helps people read slowly |
C.a website for people to exchange books |
D.a website for people to share their ideas about a book |
A.Enjoy Speed-reading | B.Enjoy Slow-Reading |
C.Enjoy Effective Reading | D.Enjoy Online Reading |
【推荐2】Schooling is not only about studying but also having fun. Education is best offered if learning is made fun. It is students being not overburdened with the school curriculum and being able to devote enough time to the overall personality development that matter. It is thus important for school officials to encourage the active participation of students in sports. These activities at school act as a major part of school schedule and also help create an environment that is beneficial to the general growth and development of young minds. There are various sports and leisure activities that can be planned for school students.
Sports are an essential part of a school curriculum. In spite of the grade a student is studying in, sports are a must. And it is needless to state the importance of sports in school. They help in building up the much-needed team spirit among students. They help in educating a sportsman spirit in children and serve as an effective method to bring children together from different cultural backgrounds.
Gymnastics, swimming competitions, tennis and badminton tournaments, cricket and soccer matches and inter-class sports events can be organized in schools. Sports enthusiasts can participate in these events, while those not participating can be a part of the cheering team. Kids are sure to enjoy activities like cycling, running races, skating and other fun games.
Wondering how schooling is associated with leisure activities? Well, you are mistaken if you believe that schooling is only about class assignments and homework. School education is much more than that. In fact, it is about helping the students learn the important lessons of life. It aims at their overall development which includes developing moral values and principles in them. Devoting their entire schedule to studies and examinations defeats the purpose of an effective school education. It is very important to include some leisure activities in the school’s weekly schedule.
Sports and leisure activities are about making fruitful use of time in a creative way. They are the best way to find hidden talent, cultivate bright minds and encourage innovation. School years are the funding years of one’s life. They need to be filled with fun and excitement so that children have an ideal beginning to the “long journey” ahead.
1. What should school authorities do according to the author?A.Encourage students to do more studies instead of sports. |
B.Ensure the students have enough time for personal development. |
C.Learn about the great benefits of developing students’ personality. |
D.Knowing which sports are beneficial to students’ personal development. |
A.beneficial to children physically and mentally. |
B.beneficial to children’s future competitiveness. |
C.helpful for students to get on well with each other in sports. |
D.capable of freeing students from tiring school examinations. |
A.Leisure activities are necessary for schooling. |
B.Examinations are meaningless to students’ studies. |
C.Current schooling restricts students’ overall development. |
D.Schooling merely emphasizes class assignment and homework. |
A.By setting more examinations and tests |
B.By providing more spare time for them. |
C.By offering them more happiness at school. |
D.By encouraging them to participate in sports. |
A.school curriculum | B.children’s physical health. |
C.sports and leisure activities | D.children’s personal spirit |
【推荐3】Lots of kids hate school, a new study found. Usually this kind of feeling doesn't last long. But what happens if you feel this way too much? School is a fact of life and getting a good education can help you build the kind of future life you want. So let's talk about school and what to do when you don't like it.
If you don't like school, the first step is to find out why. You might not like school because you don't have enough friends or maybe you don't get along with your teachers. Sometimes it's a big problem with your schoolwork. You may be getting farther and farther behind, and it may seem that you'll never catch up.
When you know why you don't like school, you can start taking steps to make things better. It's a good idea to talk to someone about your problems with school. Your mum, dad, teacher or school counselor (顾问) will be able to help you. Another good idea is to write down your feelings about school in a notebook. It's a great way to let out emotions (情绪). Remember, you don't have to show what you've written to others.
1. What does the underlined word “it ” refer to in the first paragraph?A.A good education. | B.School. | C.Future life. | D.Friendship. |
A.Two. | B.Three. | C.Four. | D.Five. |
A.keep silent about your problems. |
B.share what you’ve written with others |
C.write down your feelings about school |
D.get along well with your classmates |