In the past few years, I have found mental illness has been a term largely avoided in conversation, and this has built a huge stigma against those suffering from depression, anxiety and other mental diseases. What’s worse, mental illness is only brought up when the news draw our attention to it, but then the conversation quiets until the next tragedy happens.
It’s time for the conversation to continue. Instead of waiting for the next tragedy, we need to be open about mental health and about the struggles that come with mental illness and treatment. We need to develop an environment where people feel comfortable to seek the help they need instead of concealing it.
It took a long time, but I am now open about my anxiety and depression. I am open about my taking medicine to treat my mental illness. I am open about the struggle of finding the medicine that works. I encourage everyone to do the same. Be honest and open with your conversations about mental health. The more comfortable people are with these conversations, the easier it will be for the conversation to continue. A continued conversation will lead to more ideas on treatment and more ideas on how to give help to those who need it.
We have the ability to help those we love and break the stigma around mental illness and change the idea that it’s something that needs to be cured. Mental illness can actually affect anyone, impacting one out of every four people.
In short, let’s keep the conversation about mental health and mental illness open. Be sure to check up on your friends, and be open about the importance of mental health. If you’re uncomfortable, share your story, which may let others know they are not alone. Just as Albus Dumbledore said, “Happiness can be found even in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn on the light.”
Therefore remember to turn on the light.
1. What does the underlined word “stigma” mean in Paragraph 1?| A．consumption | B．shame | C．status | D．invasion |
| A．Humorous | B．Serious | C．Supportive | D．Cheerful |
| A．To introduce how the author’s mental illness have been cured |
| B．To tell us how important a comfortable conversation is. |
| C．To tell people what a bad experience the author once had. |
| D．To encourage those people with mental illness to talk about their problems. |
| A．It’s good to talk with those lonely people. |
| B．People have a tendency to ignore mental illness. |
| C．One’s happiness can cheer up others in low spirits. |
| D．Care and sharing may help those with mental illness out. |
| A．Shine a light on mental health |
| B．No conversations on mental health. |
| C．No tragedies caused by mental illness. |
| D．Seek ways to cure mental illness. |
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【推荐1】In August of 2008, a deadly epidemic manifested itself in Zimbabwe. A severe health hazard triggered the outbreak. There was a lack of clean drinking water in the overcrowded urban areas. Garbage and chemicals got into the public water supplies and poisoned them. Since people did not have access to other sources, they had to drink the dirty water.
The outbreak spread rapidly and infected almost 16,000 people. The illness caused extreme pain in people’s intestines. It also caused a deficiency of important fluids in sick people’s bodies. Without the proper fluids and minerals, their bodies stopped working correctly. People were unable to digest food properly or replenish their lost nutrients. Without viable treatment, they would die. It was imperative to reserve the situation.
However, the government of Zimbabwe was unable to provide help to its people. The government didn’t have a plan to stop the spread of cholera. In addition, the country was too poor to get clean water or medication for the sick. The people seemed to be doomed.
Luckily, many other countries recognized the need to contain the outbreak. Dozens of voluntary practitioners from Britain, France, the United States, and other countries went to Zimbabwe to treat the disease. Through the provision of sterile drinking water and medication, people finally got the treatment they badly needed. The compassionate doctors were able to save the lives of thousands. By January of 2009, the epidemic was almost completely contained.
Today, the Zimbabwean government is investing in measures to avoid future epidemics and placing an emphasis on prevention. They are cleaning up the water supply and making changes to reduce health hazards. The system used to filter water is being upgraded. The government now administers the water supply plants and makes sure that they adhere to strict safety guidelines. Hopefully, future instances of cholera will be treated before they start deadly epidemics.
1. What caused the deadly epidemic in Zimbabwe in 2008?| A．Garbage and chemicals filled the city. |
| B．There was a lack of clean drinking water. |
| C．The urban areas were overcrowded. |
| D．Someone poisoned the public water supplies. |
| A．Dozens of voluntary practitioners went to Zimbabwe to treat the disease. |
| B．The government of Zimbabwe provided great help. |
| C．The provision of sterile drinking water and medication. |
| D．The compassionate doctors did effective treatment to the sick people. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Pessimistic. |
| C．Worried. | D．Optimistic. |
| A．To show the lack of clean water in Zimbabwe. |
| B．To introduce ways to stop the spread of cholera. |
| C．To illustrate how cholera in Zimbabwe was successfully contained. |
| D．To appeal to more countries to help people in Zimbabwe. |
【推荐2】Fever has usually been regarded as a threat to health. However, no one has actually proved that fever is dangerous. This fact attracted the attention of Matthew J. Kluger. Imagining that fever might not be as harmful as it had been supposed, Kluger set up a series of experiments with lizards (蜥蜴).
What Kluger and his team did in their first experiment was simple. They put some lizards in a sand-box, one end of which was heated to 44°C, while the other was at a room temperature. It was found that the lizards moved from one part of the box to the other in order to keep a constant temperature of about 38°C. Having shown that normal lizards regulate (调节) their own temperature, Kluger, in a second experiment, then set out to show that lizards, like most other animals, develop fever when infected (感染). This was done by making lizards infected with bacteria (细菌) that were known to cause disease. As the team expected, the infected lizards remained longer in the heated part of the box, until they had raised their body temperatures to two or three degrees above normal. In other words, the sick lizards gave themselves fever.
In a third experiment, the team observed the effect of temperature on the survival of the lizards. One group of infected lizards was given a fever-suppressing (退烧) drug. The other group was given no drug and ran a fever, that is to say, they kept a higher temperature for four or five days before seeking a cooler environment. The results were impressive. Of those which raised their body temperature, all but one remained alive. Of those given the fever-suppressing drug, more than half died. Similar results have since been produced in other animals. For example, infected fish swim to warmer water, and will die if not allowed to do so.
An important conclusion can be drawn from these experiments. As Kluger points out, lizards have been on earth for hundreds of millions of years. It is reasonable to suppose that a response that is so old has been kept by nature for some purpose. It would appear, therefore, that fever does not make disease worse. Rather it is part of the mechanism (机能) by which infection is controlled.
1. In his experiments, Kluger was hoping to prove that fever ______.| A．is not harmful to lizards |
| B．is necessary for both humans and animals |
| C．is not necessarily bad |
| D．has the same effect on humans and animals |
| A．they had no more fever that they needed |
| B．they were normal ones and had no fever |
| C．the drug had no effect on sick lizards |
| D．the drug made their body temperature too low |
| A．Recovery from disease |
| B．Natural defense in the body against disease. |
| C．Cause of disease. |
| D．Relationship between living things and nature. |
| A．Lizards are most suitable for experiments on fever. |
| B．Fever may play an important part in curing disease. |
| C．Fever helps lizards to get rid of infection. |
| D．Lizards and humans are not as different as people supposed. |
【推荐3】It’s easy to spot signs of physical suffering, but much emotional pain can be easily masked.
If you sense something different about the way your friend is acting — maybe he’s not smiling much these days, for instance — trust your feelings and reach out. “Try saying, ‘I see these things. I care about you. Can I be of help?’”, Van Dahlen says.
He’s unusually unhappy or annoyed.
He’s less put together than usual.
Drinking more and ignoring personal hygiene (卫生) can be signs that someone is in trouble. Don’t consider these behaviors are nothing.
No one is happy all the time, but if your once optimistic friend can’t find anything to be hopeful about, he may be having thoughts of worthlessness, sadness and something negative. “
| A．He’s acting a bit more withdrawn. |
| B．He doesn’t seem like himself lately. |
| C．Instead treat them as a sign to care for your friend. |
| D．Getting angry quickly and easily can be a sign that something is wrong. |
| E．It’s a constant effort to bring into the open discussions about mental health. |
| F．Many people avoid talking about it no matter how close they are to someone. |
| G．We want people to get comfortable being more open and discussing mental health. |
【推荐1】Easter (复活节) is still a great day for worship (崇拜), randy in baskets and running around the yard finding eggs, but every year it gets quite a bit worse for bunnies (兔子).
And no, not because the kids like to pull their ears. The culprit is climate change, and some researehers found that rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the US.
Take the Lower Keys Mareh rabbit, for instance. An endangered species that lives in the Lower Florida Keys, this species of cottontail is a great swimmer—it lives on the islands!—but it is already severely affected by development and now by rising levels. According to the Center for Biological Diversity, an ocean level rise of only 0.6 meters will send these guys jumping to higher ground and a 0.9-meter rise would wipe out their habitat (栖息地) completely.
The snowshoe hare, on the other hand, has a color issue. Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer, each designed to give them better cover from predators (捕食者). As the number of days with snow decreases all across the country, however, more and more bunnies are being left in white fur during brown dirt days of both fall and spring, making them an easier mark for predators. Researehers know that the color change is controlled by the number of hours of sunlight, but whether the rabbit will be able to adapt quick enough to survive is a big question. The National Wildlife Federation has reported that hunters have noticed their numbers are already markedly down.
American pikas or rock rabbits, a relative of rabbits and hares, might be the firs’ of these species to go extinct due to climate change. About 7-8 inches long, pikas live high in the cool, damp mountains west of the Rocky Mountains. As global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (迁徙) to higher ground - but they already occupy (占据) the mountaintops. They can’t go any higher. The National Wildlife Federation reports that they might not be able to stand the new temperatures as their habitat beats up.
The volcano rabbit has the same problem. These rabbits live on the slopes of volcanoes in Mexico, and recent studies have shown that the lower range of their habitat has already shifted upward about 700 meters, but there are not suitable plants for them to move higher, so they are stuck in the middle. Scientists are concerned about their populations.
Native to the US, pygmy rabbits weigh less than 1 pound and live in the American West. They are believed to be the smallest rabbits in the world. Their habitats have been destroyed by development. Several populations, such as the Columbia Basin pygmy, almost went extinct and were saved by zoo breeding programs. Pygmy rabbits also rely on winter cover by digging tunnels through the snow to escape predators, but lesser snowfall is leaving them exposed.
All of this gives new meaning to dressing up in a giant bunny costume (服装) this Easter.
1. The writer mentions Easter at the beginning of the passage in order to _________.| A．introduce the issue about bunnies |
| B．show the importance of Easter Day |
| C．remind people of Easter traditions |
| D．discuss the relationship between Easter and bunnies |
| A．are exposed lo more skillful hunters |
| B．have moved to habitats with fewer plants |
| C．haven’t adapted themselves to climate change |
| D．can’t change their fur color into white in the fall and the spring |
| A．neither can migrate to higher places |
| B．both are affected by rising sea levels |
| C．neither can find enough food |
| D．both are affected by less snow |
| A．Approving. | B．Doubtful. |
| C．Enthusiastic. | D．Concerned. |
【推荐2】Alida Monaco doesn't spend her summers doing the usual teenage work ,like working at the mall. Instead ,she's studying.
It used to be that a summer job was considered a teenage thing. Today ,Monaco ,who has never had a summer job ,is part of growing trend(趋势) teenagers concentrating on their studies ,even during the summer. That's down from 72% of Americans aged 16 to 19 who worked in July of 1978 ,according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Fierce competition (竞争) older workers to the workforce and weak economic（经济的）growth are all adding to the decrease of teenagers in the workforce. But as schoolwork grows increasingly heavy and homework eats up more time ,current data suggests the biggest reason why some teens won't be working this summer is that they simply don't have time.
For college-bond teens ,some teachers even advise students no t to waste time on a summer job. " Some of my students only have about six weeks off in the summer ,"said Shannon Reed ,a lecturer at the University of Pittsburgh and a former high school English teacher. " I could never advise that they got jobs during that short break. They should rest. "
Young people who don't work may miss out on valuable skills that they'll need later in life. Early work experiences teach reliability ,financial intelligence ,self-control and help people learn to deal with adult situations. But Monaco ,who plans to attend Harvard ,isn't fazed by her lack of work experience. " May be I have missed out on a couple of life skills , she said. " But I don't think it will harm in any way. "
1. What is the trend of American teenagers ?| A．They are becoming lazy. |
| B．They are becoming interested in doing holiday jobs. |
| C．They are focusing more on studies than on jobs. |
| D．They are becoming particular（挑剔的）about holiday jobs. |
| A．The reasons for teenagers giving up work. |
| B．The fierce competition teenagers face. |
| C．The structure of American workforce. |
| D．The effects of American's weak economy. |
| A．Uncaring | B．Favorable（赞成的） | C．Worried | D．Doubtful |
| A．Motivated. | B．Helped |
| C．Bothered (烦扰). | D．annoyed |
【推荐3】When preparing fruit and vegetables, many people will peel (削皮) them. But often, it’s not necessary.
Fruit and vegetables are rich sources of nutrition like vitamins. Not consuming enough of these nutrient-rich foods is linked to an increased risk of diseases. Eating 400g of fruit and vegetables a day, as the WHO recommends, is difficult to achieve for many people. So could consuming fruit and vegetable peels help with this issue by adding important nutrients to people’s diets?
They can certainly contribute. For example, nutritionally important amounts of vitamins and minerals are found in the peels of seven root vegetables: beetroot, field mustard, wild carrot, sweet potato, radish, ginger and white potato. And the US Department of Agriculture shows that unpeeled apples contain 15% more vitamin C, 267% more vitamin K, 20% more calcium and 85% more fibre than peeled apples.
Another reason is the effect on the environment. According to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization, uneaten food, including peels, generates 8%-10% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. New Zealand alone reports an annual wastage of 13,658 tonnes of vegetable peels and 986 tonnes of fruit peels.
Given the nutrient content of peels and its contribution to food waste, why do people peel fruit and vegetables at all? Some must be peeled as the outer parts don’t taste nice, are hard to clean or cause harm. Also, peeling may be a necessary part of the recipe, for example, when making mashed potato. But many peels, such as carrot and kiwifruit, are suitable to be eaten, yet people habitually peel them anyway. Some people peel fruit and veg because they are concerned about pesticides (杀虫剂) on the surface.
If you want to find out more about fruit and vegetable peels and what to do with it, there is lots of advice online including help on how to deal with peels. With a little investigation and creativity, you can help to reduce waste and increase you fruit and vegetables intake.
1. Where is the text most probably taken from?| A．A cooking guidebook. | B．A life magazine. |
| C．A poster about environment. | D．An ad about a health website. |
| A．Not eating the peels will lead to higher risks of some diseases. |
| B．Some significant vitamins and minerals are only found in peels. |
| C．Eating peels can increase people’s intake of important nutrients. |
| D．Peels have more nutrients than fruit and vegetables’ inner parts. |
| A．To highlight the serious food problem in the country. |
| B．To draw our attention to greenhouse gas emissions. |
| C．To call on New Zealanders not to throw away peels. |
| D．To show peels’ negative impact on the environment. |
| A．Because some recipes tell them to do so. |
| B．Because the outer parts are hard to clean. |
| C．Because there exists too much pesticides. |
| D．Because they’re used to peeling vegetables. |
【推荐1】Is there a “success personality”—some winning combination of qualities that leads almost essentially to achievement? If so, exactly what is that secret success formula (公式), and can anyone develop it?
At the Gallop Organization we recently focused in depth on success, digging into the attitudes of 1500 brilliant people selected at random (随机) from Who’s Who in America. Our research finds out a number of qualities that occur regularly among top achievers. Here is one of the most important, that is, common sense.
Common sense is the most popular quality shared by the top achievers. Seventy-nine percent award themselves a top score in this quality. And 61 percent say that common sense was very important in contributing to their success.
To most, common sense means the ability to present sound, practical judgments on everyday affairs. To do this, one has to sweep aside extra ideas and get right to the heart of what matters. A Texas oil and gas businessman puts it this way: “The key ability for success is simplifying. In conduction of meeting and dealing with industry, reducing a complex problem to the simplest term is highly important.”
Is common sense a quality a person is born with, or can you do something to increase it? The oil man’s answer is that common sense can definitely be developed. He attributes (归咎) his to learning how to debate in school. Another way to increase your store of common sense is to observe it in others, learning from their and your own mistakes.
Besides common sense, there are many other factors that influence success: knowing your field, self-reliance, intelligence, the ability to get things done, leadership, creativity, relationships with others, and of course, luck. But common sense stands out. If you develop these qualities, you’ll succeed. And you might even find yourself listed in Who’s Who someday.
1. Roughly how many people in the survey listed common sense as the most important quality?| A．80. | B．60. | C．1200. | D．900. |
| A．common sense can be judged | B．common sense means simplifying |
| C．common sense can be developed | D．common sense is quite complex |
| A．It’s rooted in common people. | B．It is a side effect of mistakes. |
| C．It is taught by our parents. | D．It can be trained by ourselves. |
| A．Common Sense | B．The Success Personality |
| C．Personal Qualities | D．A Popular Formula |
【推荐2】Moving to a new neighborhood, town, state, or even country can be a pretty scary experience. All you know is that things will be different and chances are you won’t know the kids at your new school.
Leaving old friends and familiar places behind can be difficult. However, as you begin the moving process, keep in mind that saying goodbye to your old house, school, and friends does not mean that you have to forget them or that your farewell is permanent! If you’re moving to a new state or even a different country and won’t see your friends for a long time, don’t despair. Make sure to ask everyone for their address so you can write to them. Also, thanks to the Internet, it is very easy to stay in touch through email or instant messaging technology. With your parent’s permission, you can even create a blog or web page to chronicle all of your new experiences. Your old friends will love seeing what you are busy with.
Many schools have an orientation program where a student already established at the school show a new student around for their first week. This can help you to find your way around the school and to make new friends faster.
While moving is tough on kids of any age, high school counselor Karen Turner says moves can be particularly difficult for teens. “I think moving during adolescents is an extremely stressful experience, especially if you are into your junior high or senior year. Students tend to have established a very strong peer network during that period in their lives. Often this has more influence on them even than their familiar in some cases, and when they are torn from that there’s often resentment(怨气).” However, Turner adds that while moving isn’t easy, there are things that your parents and the school can do to help you cope with the change.
1. Who are the intended readers of the passage?| A．Education experts | B．School teachers |
| C．Parents | D．Students |
| A．Staying in contact with old friends. | B．Expressing yourself when it is possible. |
| C．Forming good habits at school. | D．Keeping positive about your new school. |
| A．helps local students in many ways | B．is organized by new students |
| C．offers help to new students | D．focuses on all the students at school |
| A．What a new school is like. |
| B．Why parents move with their children. |
| C．How parents and the school can help the children. |
| D．How children can express their anxiety. |
【推荐3】To adjust your baby to the world, educating him is your main assignment. How will you educate him? What role will he play in the world?
According to Darwin's theory of evolution (进化) of the species, we are a competitive species and one survives by adapting itself biologically to various environments through various ways. Competition was a resource useful for the progress of society and for the survival of human beings.
Today, however, the challenges are different. The 21st century is a computer science age, but there are environmental imbalances, deaths of thousands of children every day by starvation and countless epidemics (流 行病). Therefore, it is important that the philosophy of preparing our children for competition and power be replaced by one of preparing them for love and cooperation.
The earth is a unique home to us all. The ecological balance has to be pursued (追 求) and this pursuit shows the internal balance of each living being. We must educate our children so that they want to protect nature and thus to protect the opportunity to make themselves more powerful and able in society. Our children have to learn that we don't need to practice actions that benefit only our homeland while all other countries are destroyed. The destruction of other countries and lives leads to the impossibility of the future existence of the place we call home.
It imbalances the ecosystem and shades the hope of a better future, We would not show hate to a flower, grabbing it and throwing it to the floor and stepping on it. It would be foolish! But we are insensitive to the sight of a homeless person thrown to the ground and pretend it’s not our problem! Competition has led us to a state of total insensibility! Therefore, we must teach our children that the main necessity of men is love. Love is being good to ourselves , others and nature.
1. According to Paragraph 2, competition is________.| A．interesting | B．beneficial |
| C．unnecessary | D．ineffective |
| A．We are faced with new challenges. |
| B．Many diseases are threatening people. |
| C．They will live in a more competitive society. |
| D．Environmental imbalance has caused many deaths. |
| A．It will help keep our internal balance. |
| B．Our kids will have more chance to succeed. |
| C．It will help make our future existence possible. |
| D．Our kids will have a better natural environment. |
| A．To introduce ways of helping children overcome fears. |
| B．To explain the role competition plays in education. |
| C．To suggest an education of love and cooperation. |
| D．To explain why competition and cooperation should coexist. |
