Most of us are familiar with carrots.
Then we should choose a variety of carrots after the soil is prepared.
Early types should be sown in spring as soon as the soil is workable. They may also be sown under covers, though the covers should be removed after a few weeks.
Weeds should be removed regularly once the carrots have germinated. Watering is needed every two to three weeks. Watch out for pests and diseases.
Early carrots can be harvested about seven to nine weeks after sowing and main crop carrots should be harvested after ten to eleven weeks.
| A．There are many varieties. |
| B．They are good to people’s health. |
| C．They are usually orange in colour. |
| D．After about a week, the seeds come out. |
| E．Carrots are grown in an open site in fertile soil. |
| F．Carrot rust flies can be a serious problem for carrots. |
| G．Main crop types can be sown from late spring to early summer. |
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【推荐1】Earthquakes happen without warning(前兆). They can happen any time of a day, at any point during the year. But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt. Only a few big ones hurt people. However, it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening．
Do NOT go outside. You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线).
Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.
Keep away from windows., pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building, and anything else that could fall and hurt you. Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake, not by the shaking itself．
Also keep away from a fire. You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire.
If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it’s safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, and don’t drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees. These could fall and hurt you.
1. Most earthquakes are too to hurt people．| A．strong | B．weak |
| C．dangerous | D．heavy |
| A．Stay under a big building | B．Stay under a strong furniture |
| C．Stand by windows | D．drive near a big bridge |
| A．run out of the building | B．stay in a corner of the building |
| C．cover your head with your arms | D．cover your mouth with a towel |
| A．How dangerous the earthquake is． | B．How to be safe in an earthquake． |
| C．We shouldn’t be afraid of the earthquake． | D．How the earthquake comes into being． |
| A．How Earthquakes Happen | B．How to Drive a Car |
| C．What We Should Do in Earthquakes | D．Why Earthquakes Happen |
【推荐2】Researchers have confirmed that there are several effective methods for cleaning the N95 masks worn by health professional so that they can be used more than once,the National Institutes of Health announced Wednesday.
A research already showed that the masks,designed for one-time use,can be reused in a crisis.And the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in March authorized reuse because of shortages driven by the Covid-19 pandemic.
None of these rules or methods are intended for the cloth masks recommended or in some locations required for use by everyone in public.
Earlier research had not,of course,involved the new coronavirus.The new research determined which cleaning procedures were most effective.
N.I.H.publicized the study because it could be helpful to health care professionals in the crisis.Dr.Munster and his colleagues tested four methods of killing the virus:UV light,dry heat, vaporized hydrogen peroxide(YHP)(汽化过氧化氢）and ethyl(乙醇）alcohol.Of those methods,they did not recommend ethyl alcohol because although it killed the virus,it degraded the mask material.
Vaporized hydrogen peroxide,a method often available in large hospitals,was effective, and left the masks still functioning for at least three rounds of cleaning,as did UV light.
Dry heat,at 70C,was effective,but the masks withstood only two rounds of cleaning.Dr. Munster said that"vaporized hydrogen peroxide would be the method of choice if that's available."However,he said,a nursing home might not have that,while for dry heat,what's needed is basically an oven.
Another recent study from Canadian researchers confirmed the value of cleaning.It included masks of different brands and found that the material of the mask was still effective after 10 rounds of vaporized hydrogen peroxide cleaning.
The findings are intended to be useful for health care workers wearing N95 masks.With personal protective equipment in short supply at many overwhelmed hospitals,some front-line workers have complained that masks were rationed.
The public has been advised not to use or try to buy N95 masks because they would be preventing health care workers from having lifesaving equipment.
1. Of the different cleaning procedures of N95 masks,which one is the least effective?| A．UV light | B．dry heat |
| C．vaporized hydrogen peroxide(VHP) | D．ethyl alcohol |
| A．a fixed allowance of something that is scarce |
| B．the amount of something one normally has |
| C．to assign to someone for a particular purpose. |
| D．to restrict the distribution of something |
| A．The public has been advised not to use N95 masks. |
| B．The health care workers are in great need of N95 masks. |
| C．N.I.H.announced N95 masks can be reused if cleaned effectively. |
| D．Personal protective equipment is in short supply at many hospitals. |
【推荐3】When the company was small, Google cared a lot about getting kids from Harvard, Stanford, and MIT. But Laszlo Bock, Google’s former Senior Vice President of People Operations, said it was the "wrong" hiring strategy. Experience has taught him that there are exceptional kids at many other places, from state schools in California to those in New York. "What we find is that the best people from places like these are just as good if not better as anybody you can get from any Ivy League school," said Bock, who authored a book titled "Work Rules!".
So what else does Google not care about:
Grades: Google’s data shows that grades predict performance for the first two years of a career, but do not matter after that.
Brain-teasers: Gone are interview questions such as: Why are manhole covers (井盖) round? How many golf balls can fit in a school bus? "Our research tells us those questions are a waste of time," Bock said. "They’re a really coachable skill. The more you practice, the better you get at it."
Here’s what Google does care about:
Problem solvers: Your cognitive (认知的) ability, or how well you solve problems.
Leaders: The idea is not whether you were president of the student body or vice president of a bank, but rather "When you see a problem, do you step in and help solve it?" and then critically, "Are you willing to let somebody else take over, and make room for somebody else? Are you willing to give up power?"
Googleyness: That’s what Google calls its cultural fit. It’s not "Are you like us?" Bock said. "We actually look for people who are different, because diversity gives us great ideas."
"What’s most important is that people are intellectually humble, willing to admit when they’re wrong, and care about the environment around them ...because we want people who think like owners not employees," Bock said.
1. What does Bock mean in Paragraph 1?| A．People from state schools can be as good. |
| B．Google prefers kids from Ivy League schools. |
| C．Hiring is a hard job for Google. |
| D．State schools are worse than Ivy League ones. |
| A．What are your grades like? |
| B．What is the significance of the "dead beef"? |
| C．How would you improve a Google product? |
| D．How would you solve homelessness in Seattle? |
| A．One eager for power. |
| B．One solving problems well. |
| C．One willing to step aside. |
| D．One operating an organization. |
| A．Being unique | B．Being diverse |
| C．Being qualified | D．Being loyal |
【推荐1】Think of a seed buried in a pot. It’s dark down there in the potting soil. There’s no light, no sunshine. So how does it know which way is up and which way is down? It does know. Seeds send shoots up towards the sky, and roots the other way. Darkness doesn't confuse them. Somehow, they get it right.
More surprisingly, if you turn a seedling(秧苗) or a whole bunch of seedlings upside down, as Thomas Andrew Knight of the Royal Society did around 200 years ago, the tips and roots of the plant will sense, “Hey, I’m upside down. Look! I will turn my way to the right direction and do a U- turn.”
How do they know? According to botanist Daniel Chamovitz, Thomas Knight about 200 years ago guessed that plants must sense gravity. Knight proved it with a crazy experiment involving a spinning plate.
He attached a bunch of plant seedlings onto a disc. The plate was then turned by a water wheel powered by a local stream at a speed of 15 revolutions(旋转) per minute for several days.
If you have been at an amusement park in a spinning teacup, you know that because of centrifugal force(离心力) you get pushed away from the center of the spinning object towards the outside.
Knight wondered, would the plants respond to the centrifugal pull of gravity and point their roots to the outside of the spinning plate? When he looked, that's what they'd done. Every plant on the disc had responded to the pull of gravity, and pointed its roots to the outside. The roots pointed out, and the shoots pointed in. So Thomas Knight proved that plants can and do sense the pull.
1. How does the author write about the young seedling in Paragraph 2?| A．By describing vividly. | B．By giving examples. |
| C．By telling stories | D．By asking questions |
| A．Soil. | B．Sunshine. | C．Darkness. | D．Gravity. |
| A．Plants have their own desires | B．Plans can grow quickly by doing a U-turn |
| C．Speed influences plants' growing | D．Plans can feel the centrifugal pull |
| A．In a book review | B．In a lifestyle magazine |
| C．In a scientific report | D．In an official document |
【推荐2】In recent years, scientists have discovered that mushrooms are much more than just a tasty addition to your favorite dish. In fact, they are the “Internet of trees” — a vast network of underground mycorrhizal (菌根的) fungi (真菌) that connects trees and other plants in a similar way to how the Internet connects people.
The mycorrhizal network is made up of hyphae (菌丝),which connect the roots of different plants and trees. These hyphae act like an underground internet, allowing plants to exchange nutrients, water, and even hormones (激素). For example, if one tree is under stress due to drought or disease, it can send out hormones to warn other nearby trees of the danger. The other trees can then prepare themselves for the coming threat.
Human beings can help trees and mushrooms by practicing “mycorestoration” in regenerative projects. With the Global Tree Initiative working towards reforestation and preserving natural habitats, it is important to share how mycorestoration can supply innovative ways to mitigate the impact of human activities.
Fungi are natural decomposers (分解器) that break down complex organic matter, like dead trees, into simpler compounds that can be absorbed by plants. This decomposition process is crucial for the health of our forests, as it contributes to nutrient cycling, soil formation, and carbon sequestration. By introducing native fungi species into areas where deforestation has occurred, we can help regenerate soil and support the growth of new trees. Fungi form symbiotic (共生的) relationships with tree roots, improving their ability to absorb water and nutrients. This increased access to resources accelerates tree growth and improves their resilience to stress, such as drought or disease.
Fostering sustainable communities through mycorestoration can be conducted through global partnerships that promote ecology within Ecovillage Design Education. The Global Ecovillage Network’s presence in five continents and in over 8,000 communities around the planet, helps the regenerative approach to community building and preservation of existing forests. By promoting sustainable land management practices and reducing our reliance on extractive industries, ecovillages can help prevent deforestation and protect the habitats of countless plant and animal species.
1. The “Internet of trees” can function as ________.| A．A linker of hormones. | B．A warning of danger. |
| C．A detector of diseases. | D．A destroyer of nutrients. |
| A．Assess. | B．Increase. | C．Relieve. | D．Underestimate. |
| A．They produce more water and nutrients. |
| B．They help form complex plant-friendly compounds. |
| C．They accelerate the process of carbon sequestration. |
| D．They help with soil regeneration and tree growth. |
| A．Promoting ecological education. |
| B．Preserving existing forests. |
| C．Building independent communities. |
| D．Reducing reliance on industries. |
【推荐3】Can trees talk? Yes—but not in words. Scientists have reason to believe that trees do communicate with each other. Not long ago, researchers learned some surprising things. First a willow tree attacked in the woods by caterpillars (毛毛虫) changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that they got tired of the leaves and stopped eating, them. Then even more astonishing, the tree sent out a special smell—a signal causing its neighbors to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty.
Communication, of course, does not need to be in words. We can talk to each other by smiling, raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and animals use a whole vocabulary of songs, sounds, and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar (花蜜) for honey. So why shouldn’t trees have ways of sending messages?
1. It can be concluded from the passage that caterpillars do not feed on leaves that .| A．have an unpleasant taste | B．a relying on the ground |
| C．have an-unfamiliar shape | D．bees don’t like |
| A．growing more branches |
| B．communicating with birds and bees |
| C．changing its leaf chemistry |
| D．shaking caterpillars off |
| A．waving its branches | B．giving off a special smell |
| C．dropping its leaves | D．changing the color of its trunk |
| A．touching one another | B．smelling one another |
| C．making special movement | D．making unusual sound |
| A．cannot be taken seriously | B．seems completely reasonable |
| C．should no longer be permitted | D．must be checked more thorough |
