【推荐2】Elizabeth Blackwell is a British-born woman physician. She was born in 1821 in England. Her father decided to move the family to the United States in 1812 after his factory was destroyed by fire. It is said that she turned to studying medicine after a close friend who was dying said she wouldn’t have suffered so much if her physician had been a woman. Elizabeth knew that no woman had ever been permitted to study in a medical school. But she began to think about the idea seriously after the friend who had suggested it died.

Elizabeth discussed it with her family. Her family supported her. However, all the medical colleges refused her except Geneva Medical College in New. York. When she graduated from Geneva Medical College in 1839, she became the first woman in America to earn the M. D. degree. She was not offered many opportunities as a young female physician, she opened her own office 2 years later. Her younger sister Dr. Emily Blackwell, joined her in 1856. Together with Dr. Marie Zakrzewska, they opened the New York Infirmary (医院) for Women and Children in 1857. After establishing the infirmary. Elizabeth Blackwell went on a year-long lecture tour of Great. Britain. Her lectures and personal example inspired more women to take up medicine as a profession.

When the American Civil War broke out, the Blackwell sisters aided in nursing efforts. After the end of the war, Elizabeth Blackwell carried out a plan that she had developed together, with her friend Florence Nightingale while in England. She opened the Women’s Medical College with, her sister. This. college was operated under her sister’s management. She moved to England the next year. There, she helped to organize the National Health Society and she founded the London School of Medicine for Women.

As her health declined, Blackwell gave up the practice of medicine in the late 1870s, though she still campaigned for reform (改革). May 1910, she died at home in England.

1. What probably made Elizabeth determine to learn medicine?

A．Her family’s expectation.	B．Her interest in medicine.
C．Her friend’s suggestion.	D．Her friend’s medical talent.

2. How old was Elizabeth when she opened the hospital for women and children?

A．8.

B．10.

C．36.

D．37.

3. Who was in charge of the Women’s Medical College?

A．Marie Zakrzewska.	B．Emily Blackwell.
C．Elizabeth Blackwell.	D．Florence Nightingale.

【推荐3】Toddler World Nursery was delighted to employ a trainee---twenty-two-old Jonathan Brown—as their first male nursery schoolteacher. He was also the only man who applied for the job, but, insists Margery Bowman, head teacher of Toddler World, by far the best applicant. “Both boys and girls will benefit from the experience of having a male role model in the nursery.” Says mother of two, Margery.

Jonathan has always been interested in childcare. His own mother is a childminder and his father is a teacher. “I’ve always helped Mum with looking after all the children.” he says. “I’m used to changing nappies, feeding babies, reading stories and playing with Lego.”

But Jonathan is a rare male in a female world. Only 2% of nursery teachers are men and this hasn’t changed for ten years. Roger Olsen of the National Nursery Trust said, “Men are often viewed with anxiety and suspicion(怀疑)in a children’s environment. Or they are expected to do things the way women would do them. But men bring different things into childcare and this has to be recoginsed.” Jonathan agrees. He is a qualified under-7s football coach, and plants to introduce football lessons to the nursery for boys and girls.

What do Jonathan’s friends think of his choice of career?

“Actually, most of them are pretty cool about it now.” he says, “though they do make jokes about nappies. And I’ve found that girls are actually quite impressed – so that’s good!”

1. Why was Jonathan employed by Toddler World Nursery?

A．He was the best among all the applicants.

B．He was the only man who applied for the job.

C．He would be able to teach kids to play football.

D．He would do things the way women would do them.

2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “childminder” (Para.2)?

A．Instructor.

B．Superior.

C．Baby-sitter.

D．Coach.

3. What did Roger Olsen say about the job of childcare?

A．It has been women-specific.

B．It requires people’s understanding.

C．It takes time to make some changes.

D．It needs men teachers to bring something different.

【推荐1】With reports suggesting a second wave of coronavirus(新冠病毒) may be on its way (or here already), it makes sense to give yourselves a check if we’re still doing all the right things. Washing hands is one of those things that we were hopefully already doing, but realized in the wake of the pandemic that we could always be doing it more and for longer. But what about washing our food? Given the news that there have been outbreaks in food factories and processing plants from-Bernard Matthews to Mr. Kipling locations-it does make sense to think about it.

Although the government have confirmed that the chance of catching coronavirus from food and food packaging is “very unlikely”, washing food before eating is a part of good habit that can reduce that small risk. Sally Bloomfield, chair of the scientific advisory board of the International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene tells people, “Because the items you pick off the shelves in the supermarket will have been touched by other people, there is a chance that the packaging may have become harmful via their hands. Washing your shopping is not a question of whether it is necessary, it’s about minimizing risk-and if someone in the home is at increased risk of infection, this becomes more important.”

Dr. Perpetua Emeagi, a lecturer in Human Biology and Biological Sciences at Liverpool Hope University, says, “If someone with COVID-19 asked you if you wanted a bite of their sandwich, you clearly wouldn’t go anywhere near it.” And the same caution has to be taken with everything you bring home from the supermarket, as you simply don t know who’s been handling it before you. Imagine a scene where someone with COVID-19 has sneezed into his hands before entering the store and picked up a tin of beans. The same person changes his mind, puts the tin of beans back on the shelf, only for you to come and place it in your basket shortly afterwards. On the science side, she continues, “Officially, Public Health England tells us that the quantity of infectious virus on any surface is likely to have decreased significantly by 24 hours, and even more so by 48 hours. But there’s also some evidence to suggest the virus could survive for up to seven days outside the human body. Surfaces like cardboard and plastic-common supermarket packaging products-are known to effectively harbor COVID-19. And my advice would be this: Wash or wipe down everything you bring home thoroughly before either putting in your cupboards or consuming it.”

1. Why did the author mention coronavirus in the first paragraph?

A．To give some evidence.	B．To attract young readers.
C．To lead to the topic.	D．To relate the latest event.

2. Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 2?

A．People can by no means catch a virus from food.

B．Washing food before eating is a positive and necessary action.

C．The items you pick from the supermarket can have a lot of viruses.

D．The government has confirmed that there is no need to wash food before eating.

3. What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 3?

A．Cause.

B．Destroy.

C．Protect.

D．Carry.

4. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．Necessity of washing food before eating.

B．Ways to stop the spread of coronavirus.

C．Approaches to picking up groceries.

D．Ways to deal with infection with coronavirus.

【推荐1】Overcoming extreme cold, cruel ice and people dismissing him as mad, Slovenian Davo Kamicar became the first person to ski non-stop down Mount Everest.

After a dramatic fall over almost sheer cliffs of snow, stones and ice, 38-year-old Kamicar emerged in his base camp after five hours of skiing. “I feel only absolute happiness and absolute tiredness,” he said.

At one stage he had to speed over stretches of ice that collapsed and broke underneath him and could have sent him falling into the deep crevasses (裂缝) that dot the mountain.

The descent (下落) had been seen by many as insanely dangerous. The Darwin Awards website, which documents deaths which are foolhardy, urged people to log on to Internet broadcasts of the attempt. “Keep your eyes peeled for a live Darwin Award,” it said.

However, the only body to make the news was the corpse (尸体) of an unknown mountaineer which Kamicar zipped past as he descended, one of an estimated 120 corpses, thought to litter the slopes.

“This mountain is always full of surprises. Seeing a dead man out there was a really shocking experience,” he said.

Thanks to strategically placed cameras on the mountain and one attached to his safety helmet, hundreds of thousands of people witnessed his descent on the Internet, which was one of the record highs ever. During the run more than 650,000 hits were registered on his expedition website jamming it for a time as others tried to access the site.

Weather conditions were so severe that Kamicar had to abandon plans to rest on the summit before attempting to descend. Instead, suffering from fatigue, as soon as he reached the top he put on his skis and flung himself back down the mountain.

Dealing with the mountain had already cost Kamicar two fingers when a previous failed attempt saw him get frostbite as a fierce storm lashed the peak.

Kamicar comes from a skiing family and took part in his first Himalayan skiing expedition in 1989. Since then, he has been tireless in raising funds and sponsorship for more expeditions, with Everest as the permanent goal.

1. Davo Kamicar made history by ________.

A．skiing down Mount Everest without rest

B．descending Mount Everest within the shortest time ever

C．attracting largest number of audience online for his descent

D．becoming the first to film his descent down Mount Everest

2. The underlined word foolhardy in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.

A．sudden and hard to accept	B．taking unnecessary risks
C．attracting public attention	D．working hard to fool others

3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Kamicar saw about 120 dead bodies littering the slope.

B．The broadcast of his descent online was cancelled because of the website jam.

C．Kamicar’s family had a tradition to conquer Mount Everest.

D．This was not Kamicar’s first attempt on Mount Everest.

4. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?

A．Mad man skis down Everest	B．Darwin Award for Davo Kamicar
C．Extreme sports hero slides to a record	D．Body of mountaineer found on Everest

【推荐2】Many experts say that Billy Wilder changed the history of American movies. He is often called the best movie maker Hollywood has ever had, known for making movies that offered sharp social comment.

Between the 1930s and the 1980s, Billy Wilder made almost fifty movies. During that time he received more than twenty nominations from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. He won six of the Oscar awards. His movies have been seen by people around the world, like “Sunset Boulevard”, “Some Like It Hot”, “The Lost Weekend”, “The Apartment”, and “The Seven Year Itch”.

Samuel Wilder was born in 1906 in the former Austro-Hungarian Empire. His mother had enjoyed spending several years in the United States when she was young. So she called him Billy because she thought it sounded American. Billy Wilder started law school in Vienna, Austria. Then he decided not to become a lawyer. Instead, he began reporting for a Vienna newspaper. By the 1920s, he was writing movies in Germany.

However, the Nazis had risen to power in the nation. Wilder was Jewish, and he recognized that he had no future in Nazi Germany. In 1933, he went to Paris. There he directed a movie for the first time. It was called “The Bad Seed”. Then he received word that producers in the United States had accepted one of his scripts. Billy Wilder left Europe for America.

Billy Wilder had only eleven dollars when he arrived to settle in the United States in 1934. He decided to live in the center of American movie making, Hollywood, California. Then he formed a writing team with Charles Brackett. The two writers created many successful films together. Wilder always praised this man as a friend and teacher whose humor and expert direction greatly influenced his work.

In his love stories, Billy Wilder did not follow the Hollywood tradition of sweet boy-meets-girl situations. He had an unusual way of showing relations between men and women. Wilder died in March, 2002. A current Hollywood producer said: “Billy Wilder made movies that people will never forget.”

1. Billy Wilder is known for ________.

A．making almost fifty wonderful movies

B．making movies offering insightful comments

C．wining ten of the Oscar awards

D．changing the way people see movies

2. The underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refers to ________.

A．Samuel	B．Empire
C．Wilder	D．Billy

3. From the passage we learn that ________.

A．in 1933, he directed a movie called “The Apartment” for the first time

B．when he arrived in America in 1934, he became famous

C．Charles Brackett impressed and helped Billy Wilder a lot

D．Billy Wilder loved the Hollywood tradition of boy-meets-girl situations

4. The passage is about Billy Wilder’s ________.

A．achievement	B．education
C．life experience	D．theory