There is nothing more important than the safety of our children. Did you know that unintentional injury(意外伤害) is the main cause of death in children under 14 years old and with a third of them happening in the home? One of the top reasons a child under the age of three will visit an emergency room is because of household injuries and sadly, 70% of children who die from unintentional injuries are under the age of four. Every room in the home will have its own set of child safety problems. Two of the main danger zones are the kitchen and the bathroom.
Before I became a young mother, I crawled(爬) around the house on my hands and knees to see things from a child’s perspective(视角). You would be amazed at what you can discover by doing something so simple. We didn’t have toilet covers. A child is top heavy because their heads are bigger than their bodies and can easily fall into the toilet.
You might be surprised with the number of children falling out of windows every year, especially during the summer months. Something as simple as a child leaning against a window screen can result in a serious injury. The best way to prevent this type of injury is by setting up a child safety window guard.
As parents, we do the best we can by providing as much protection as possible to make sure of the safety of children. And as there are so many products(产品) out there to help us do this, there is nothing like good old-fashioned supervision(监护). So, use common sense and products that help to keep your child safe, and you will have provided a safe environment for your children.
1. What’s the main reason for death in children under 14 according to Paragraph 1?A.Age problems. | B.No sense of safety. |
C.Danger areas. | D.Unexpected injuries. |
A.To cover the toilet slowly. |
B.To protect her child carefully. |
C.To look for something interesting. |
D.To discover danger from a child’s point. |
A.Keep away from a window. | B.Place a safety window guard. |
C.Move away the window screen. | D.Lean(倚) against the window firmly. |
A.Tips on keeping children safe. | B.Products for children. |
C.Growth speed of children. | D.Ways to look after children. |
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【推荐1】Every year, an average American produces more than 250 pounds of plastic waste. Recycling is part of the solution, but many of us are confused about what can be recycled and what can’t.
Plastic film
At the store we find it covering vegetables, meats and cheeses. It’s common, but it can’t be recycled because it’s hard to deal with at the MRF (材料回收厂). The thin and soft film gets stuck around the equipment and can bring it to a stop.
Plastic bags
Plastic bags — like those used for bread, sandwich as well as grocery bags — create similar problems for recycling machines as thin plastic film. Therefore, most of the plastic bags end up in landfills and oceans.
Yogurt and butter cups
These containers often mix with other kinds of materials. It’s not possible to separate them. In addition, this type of packaging flattens out on the MRF’s conveying belt and can bring the equipment to a stop, too.
Beverage (饮料) bottles
These containers are firm. They don’t flatten out like yogurt cups and they’re made from one kind of plastic that recyclers can easily sell for making products such as carpet, clothing or even more plastic bottles.
Warning: Be aware that we cannot recycle as much as we want. For example, plastic bottles are a highly desirable product for recyclers, but just about a third finds their way into the MRFs. Therefore, it’s more important for us to reduce packaging.
1. What do the first two kinds of packaging have in common?A.They are used for the same products. | B.They are mixed with other materials |
C.They are too thin and soft to be recycled. | D.They are usually recycled in special MRFs. |
A.Plastic film. | B.Beverage bottles. | C.Plastic bags. | D.Yogurt and butter cups. |
A.Reduce packaging. | B.Try to build more MRFs. |
C.Use recyclable bags. | D.Separate the waste properly. |
Travel in the Everglades is difficult. You cannot walk through shallow water because the sawgrass will cut you. The water is too shallow for regular boats. So, we use an airboat. An airboat is a flat, open boat. Like an airplane, it has a big propeller to move it. The propeller is fixed on the rear of the boat. It makes a tremendous noise, but it does the job. The boat skims along the water’s surface. Although we can still get lost in an airboat, at least we are above the alligators(短吻鳄).
While hundreds of different kinds of animals live in the Everglades, the most famous is surely the alligator. Once endangered, alligators are now protected within Everglades National Park. Visitors are likely to see them both on land and in water.
For a long time, dangers have threatened the Everglades. Around 1900, some people felt this precious wetland should be drained (排干). They said it was just a big swamp and not good for anything. In the 1920s, there was a land boom in Florida. People wanted to build homes everywhere, including in the Everglades. They built canals, levees (防洪堤), and other water systems that stopped the rivers flowing into the Everglades. Factories were built near rivers that flowed into the wetland. These factories dumped poisonous waste that damaged the Everglades ecosystem.
People are now working to preserve the Everglades National Park for the future. Right now, one big problem is the paperbark tree. This tree is an invader from Australia.
Paperbark trees soak up a lot of water. In the early 1900s, people brought them to Florida because they thought they would help drain the Everglades. However, the invaders adapted too well. Paperbark trees have taken over hundreds of thousands of acres of the Everglades and killed other trees. Scientists are cutting down these invaders or spraying them with herbicides (除草剂) to kill them.
1. Which helps to explain why it is difficult to travel in Everglades?
A.Airboats may make a very big noise. |
B.You may get lost when passing through. |
C.Paperbark trees soak up too much water there. |
D.Many different kinds of animals are to be protected. |
A.They have big propellers to move them faster than alligators. |
B.The propeller makes loud noise so as to scare alligators. |
C.Their flat bottom can skim along the water surface. |
D.They can watch alligators without hurting them. |
A.built canals and levees to stop the rivers flowing into Everglades |
B.built factories near rivers that flowed into the wetland |
C.brought Paperbark to soak up water in Everglades |
D.are cutting down these Paperbark trees |
A.that moves in from another place |
B.that enters and takes control |
C.that has been brought in |
D.that is in danger |
【推荐3】When it comes to settling down young children, parenting advice focuses mostly on one tool: What to say. Parents are taught to say this or that, or even how to apologize to an angry child. While in practice, many parents turn to another means of comforting: Touch their child. But it’s not just any type of touch. It occurs at a particular speed and with a particular pressure.
During the end of the 19th century, many European doctors actually advised parents not to touch their children because they said it would weaken them and make them dependent. This idea hit a fever height in the 1920s when the psychologist John B. Watson wrote a parenting book in which Watson advises mothers to stay away, physically, from children. He believed that by not touching young children, parents teach them to be independent at an early age.
“But then it turns out that the opposite is actually true,” Neuroscientist Helena Wasling says. “Children who get a lot of touch, support and closeness from their parents are actually the ones that dare to go out and explore, as they grow up, because they have a basic safety that they can depend on.” And of course, gentle touch can calm and relax adults, just as much as they do children, says Wasling.
After decades of research, neuroscientists are beginning to understand how our skin senses this type of touch and how that feeling lights up regions of the brain to affect our emotions. It turns out that our skin contains nerves (神经) which can sense a gentle touch. And these nerves are part of a system inside our skin that excites the warm, calm and peaceful feeling you have when you’re with people who love you. For some kids with autism (自闭症), this type of touch might not feel good, Wasling notes, and may even feel bad. “A child with autism may become over-sensitive towards physical touch.” she says. “The relationship between touch and reward (奖励) can be totally different.”
1. What was believed about parental touch according to paragraph 2?A.It weakened kids’ intelligence. | B.It harmed kids’ physical health. |
C.It reduced kids’ independence. | D.It hurt parent-child relationship. |
A.They may be more sensitive. | B.They tend to become braver. |
C.They may be more protective. | D.They tend to become smarter. |
A.The benefit of touch does not apply to every kid. |
B.The amount of touch does not matter to kids. |
C.Kids with autism might be more independent. |
D.Kids with autism should be rewarded with touch. |
A.An Effective Method to Educate Kids |
B.The Magical Effect of Touching Children |
C.The Importance of Parenting Strategies |
D.A New Research into Social Interaction |
【推荐1】During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, wearing masks is widely believed to be a simple but effective method to protect oneself from a variety of harmful things. In fact, masks have been helping mankind for centuries. Let’s take a look at some mask-related history.
1st century
In that era, many people in Roman Empire worked underground in mines to support their families. But most of them suffered from and even eventually died of respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. To handle this problem, Pliny the Elder (23 — 79 AD), a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being inhaled (吸入). Although primitive, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.
16th century
Early inventions did not stop with Pliny. Many centuries later, Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452 — 1519), suggested using a woven cloth dipped in water over the face to protect against the toxic (有毒的) chemicals.
19th century
The design of the mask took a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent (注册专利) a protective mask for miners, which was a milestone in face mask history. Masks at this stage were similar to gas masks. Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz-Radecki designed a simple mask made up of one layer of gauze (纱布), recommending medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. That was the first recorded use of a surgical mask.
20th century
In 1910, an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”. Made of two layers of surgical gauze, it could be wrapped around the back of the head and tied in a knot. This mask was praised by many experts around the world, as it was simple to make and had a low production cost.
Modern exploration
With several outbreaks of infectious diseases and the flu, and the rise of pollution caused by industrial waste, the materials in masks have continued to evolve to better protect its wearer. For example, in 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask models such as N95 and KN90, which can filter out (过滤掉) this fine particulate (微粒) matter, became highly popular.
1. According to the text, why were masks invented?A.To reduce the risk of infection. |
B.To protect miners from dust. |
C.To indicate patients with respiratory illnesses. |
D.To protect workers from harmful chemicals. |
A.Using a woven cloth instead of animal skins. |
B.Getting a patent on protective masks for miners. |
C.The invention of surgical masks in 1897. |
D.Using more than one layer of surgical gauze. |
A.it could be used multiple times |
B.it was simple for people to wear |
C.it was cheap and easy to produce |
D.it could better protect people from smog |
A.The development of masks. |
B.The benefits of using masks. |
C.A comparison of different masks. |
D.The roles masks played in ancient times. |
【推荐2】Everybody hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals of the world — Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey — rats will soon be man’s new best friends.
What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescue workers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.
How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal. This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelt that person.
Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Cornell University, New York, says, “Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity!
The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says, “It would be fantastic. A rat could get into spaces we couldn’t get to, and a rat would get out if it wasn’t safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).
1. In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become popular because they can ________.A.get into small spaces |
B.take the place of rescue workers |
C.find food for survivors trapped in buildings |
D.find the position of survivors trapped in buildings |
A.the noise made by the rat |
B.the rat’s unusual behavior |
C.the signal sent by the radio on the rat |
D.the smell given off by the person trapped |
A.people still use dogs and robots in rescue work |
B.the “rat project” has been completed already |
C.rats have replaced dogs in searching for people |
D.people are happy to see a rat in a building |
A.the importance of training rats |
B.the role rats will play |
C.ways of rescuing people |
D.the reason for not using dogs |
【推荐3】A first aid kit is a must in every family in case of emergency. To help you make sure yours contains all the right things, we spoke to experts in emergency medicine. And the following are some of the items recommended.
Items | Application |
Aspirin | Two 81-milligram tablets of chewable Aspirin can be life-saving if taken within the first hour of a suspected heart attack. |
Hand sanitizer | This can be used to clean your hands when soap and water aren’t available; use it before putting on the gloves. |
Antiseptic wipes | If you don’t have access to clean running water, use these to clean and disinfect cuts before applying a bandage. |
Antibacterial ointment | This helps prevent infection by stopping the growth of bacteria in minor wounds. |
Hydrocortisone cream | It relieves pain from insect bites or poisonous plants. You can get it in single-use packets. |
Abdominal dressings | These large dressings can help control heavy bleeding from major wounds. Keep firm pressure on the dressed wound until help arrives. |
Gauze | Both the squares and the rolls are good for packing and dressing wounds. |
self-adhesive bandages | Have a variety of sizes in your kit, for minor cuts. |
Trauma shears | It’s worth having good scissors so you can quickly and easily cut thick bandages or clothing. |
Burn hydrogel | It cools damaged skin and reduces pain; they’re ideal when it’s not possible to run skin under cool water. |
A.Burn hydrogel. | B.Antiseptic wipes. |
C.Antibacterial ointment. | D.Hydrocortisone cream. |
A.Two. | B.Three. | C.Four. | D.Five. |
A.Sports. | B.Health. | C.Culture. | D.Opinion. |