The sales advertisements tempt (诱惑): Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed to protect eyes from the effects of short-wave length light emitting from our smartphones, computer screens and LED lights. Given how much time we spend on our devices, this sounds like a smart investment, right? After all, eye strain (疲劳) is a real issue and can lead to poor sleep and even eye diseases. The glasses can cost $15 all the way up to several hundred dollars. But do they work?
Elizabeth Esparaz, an ophthalmologist (眼科专家) based in Cleveland, Ohio, says the science that manufacturers share as they promote these glasses can be confusing. For starters, blue light is not just about tech devices, and it’s not always bad. “The sun emits a much higher intensity of blue light than human-made devices, which helps our mood, alertness and sleep-wake cycle,” says Dr. Esparaz.
The problem is blue light at night: It contains the release of melatonin. “Melatonin helps regulate our circadian rhythms (生理节奏) and makes us sleepy,” says Dr. Esparaz.
So, in theory, wearing blue-light-blocking glasses should help people who watch movies in bed or read from a tablet at night avoid sleeplessness. A review study from the University of Oklahoma that looked al 24 previous studies found that people affected by sleep disorders, jet lag and shift work fell asleep faster after using these glasses.
As for eye strain, a 2021 Australian study showed that those wearing the glasses did not experience less eye strain than those using clear glasses. And a 2018 review study, also by Australian researchers found insufficient evidence that they prevent certain eye diseases.
“These glasses aren’t going to be harmful,” says Dr. Esparaz, But, she adds, a lack of standardization in the industry means there’s no way to know if one pair is better than another. A more reliable solution: Turn on the blue-light-filtering function on your devices and limit screen time before bed. To help with eye strain, Dr. Esparaz suggests taking breaks and using lubricating eye drops.
1. What is Dr. Esparaz’s attitude toward business publicity?| A．Unclear. | B．Tolerant. | C．Approving. | D．Doubtful. |
| A．It can be beneficial. | B．It may improve sleep. |
| C．It actually causes health issues. | D．It merely comes from digital devices. |
| A．helps prevent eye disease | B．are not harmful to eyesight |
| C．contributes to no less eye strain | D．benefits those with sleep disorders |
| A．Blue-light-blocking Glasses: Your Best Choice | B．Blue-light-blocking Glasses: Good or Bad |
| C．Blue-light-blocking Glasses: A Good Business | D．Blue-light-blocking Glasses: Smart and Cool |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】How to boost your immune system
On the whole, your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease-causing microorganisms.
Now, researchers are exploring several factors, hoping to help you strengthen your immune system.
Like any fighting force, the immune system army marches on its stomach.
Modern medicine has come to appreciate the closely linked relationship of mind and body. A wide variety of sicknesses, including stomach upset, and even heart disease, are linked to the effects of emotional stress.
Regular exercise is one of the pillars of healthy living.
| A．Your first line of defense is to choose a healthy lifestyle. |
| B．But sometimes it fails: A virus then invades and makes you sick. |
| C．Healthy immune system warriors need good, regular nourishment. |
| D．Scientists are actively studying the relationship between stress and immune function. |
| E．That doesn’t mean the effects of lifestyle on the immune system shouldn’t be studied. |
| F．It lowers blood pressure, helps control body weight, and protects against a variety of diseases. |
| G．Despite the difficulties in measuring the relationship of vitamins to immunity, scientists are making progress. |
【推荐2】More children in China are putting on weight. In 2018, 16 percent of Chinese children were overweight, according to the National Health Commission (NHC).
Being too fat is bad for children’s health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), overweight children are more likely to develop diseases like diabetes (糖尿病) at a younger age. This can lead to a higher chance of earlier death.
On Oct 23rd, the NHC, together with five other national departments, worked out a plan. The plan aims to reduce the growth of fatness among children aged 0—18 years by 70 percent from 2020 to 2030, Xinhua reported.
Kids are putting on weight because of changes in their diet and lifestyle, according to experts. Too much schoolwork and greater use of electronic devices (电子产品) could also be a cause.
According to the plan, teachers should not allow their classes to run too late or too early. They should make sure that students have breaks and enough physical (躯体上的) activity. School students should have at least three hours of active physical activity each week.
Parents should reduce their children’s use of electronic devices and stop their children from eating foods that are high in sugar, fat and salt.
1. According to the WHO, we know ________.| A．16% of Chinese children were overweight in 2018 |
| B．being too fat is good for children’s health |
| C．overweight children are more likely to develop diseases |
| D．fatness can lead to a higher chance of long life |
| A．We should reduce the growth of fatness among adults. |
| B．Changing in children’s diet and lifestyle leads to being too fat. |
| C．Too much schoolwork maybe leads to being too fat. |
| D．Greater use of electronic devices could cause children to put on weight. |
| A．three hours a day |
| B．more than three hours every day |
| C．at least three hours each week |
| D．less than three hours each month |
| A．Overweight isn’t a problem. |
| B．Say no to children’s getting too fat. |
| C．Putting on weight is necessary for the kids. |
| D．Teachers should not allow their classes to run too late. |
【推荐3】As teenage students, you may feel stressed in the holidays for many reasons. Whatever the reason is, it’s important for you to take care of your mental health (精神健康).
Keep up your healthy habits. Staying physically healthy is your best way to fight holiday stress. You should keep your good habits as usual. Play a variety of sports. Try to eat a balanced diet (均衡饮食) every day. Don’t overeat or fill up on sweets at dinner parties.
Calm your mind. Buying something simple and inexpensive with your family will help you have peace of mind through the holidays.
Practise gratitude. Having gratitude means expressing thanks for what is good in your life. Remember to often show your thanks. Before meals, give thanks to the ones who cook them.
Set aside time for joy. What kind of thing can bring you joy? Washing clothes for your parents or volunteering in your community. Even sharing a plate of cookies with a neighbor is a choice.
Make time for yourself. Maybe you need time for yourself after being with family for a long time.
| A．Try holding some parties. |
| B．Here are a few suggestions to consider. |
| C．Write a note to let them know you are grateful for it. |
| D．You may spend one hour listening to your favorite music alone. |
| E．Reading a book with your best friend can make you calm down. |
| F．You just do something right to help others to make yourself happy. |
| G．Before you say goodbye, invite everyone to share their favorite holidays. |
【推荐1】While jogging today, you twisted your ankle (扭伤脚踝) . It really hurts. You’ve heard that both heat and cold can help with pain. But which one should you use? The right form of treatment (治疗) differs depending on your type of injury and when it occurred.
In the case of a new injury, ice is the best form of treatment. Cold slows the blood flow to an injury, numbs the pain and reduces swelling(肿) .
◆ How to apply ice
Apply an ice pack (冰袋) within 48 hours after an injury occurs (发生). But first wrap (包，裹) the pack in a thin towel (毛巾), so the cold won’t damage your skin. Apply the pack for a maximum of 20 minutes at one time. Then take a 10-minute break at least before applying it again.
Cold is a good treatment for sprains (扭伤), bumps (撞伤), many sports injuries and much more.
◆ When to use heat
When a pain returns often or continues for a long time, heat is the answer. Neck pain and backache are often chronic (慢性的). The pain often results from using that body part too much or in the wrong way. Heat is also a great help to joint pains and sore muscles. Heat increases blood flow to the area and encourages healing. Heating pads, hot water bottles and hot baths are all ways to apply heat.
The next time you have pain or an injury, choosing the proper treatment should be much easier!
1. According to the passage ________ can help with the pain when you have an injury.| A．heat | B．cold | C．ice | D．heat and cold |
| A．The neck pain occurs frequently (经常). | B．A sprain occurred three days ago. |
| C．A bump occurred last night. | D．The backache which usually occurs. |
| A．48 hour | B．a 10-minute break | C．20 minutes | D．an hour |
| A．chronic neck pain. | B．continuous backache |
| C．new sports injuries | D．sore muscles |
| A．fashion | B．sports | C．advertisement | D．health |
【推荐2】Five Health Facts Your Doctor Wants You to Know
1. Cold weather makes you sick.
Myth! Germs (病菌) are the only thing that can make you sick. You can go out in the freezing cold with wet hair, and if there aren’t any germs around, you'll stay sniffle-free. But there is a correlation:
2. You shouldn’t ice a burn.
Truth! Most skin damage from a burn comes from the inflammatory (发炎) response, and ice can damage cells and make it worse.
3. Antiperspirants (止汗剂) cause cancer.
Myth! Antiperspirants temporarily keep sweat from escaping, and some scientists have suggested that letting it build up in the ducts could cause tumors(肿瘤).
4.
Truth! A 2017 study found that when bystanders gave CPR to people in cardiac arrest (心脏停搏), survival rates were higher when they employed uninterrupted chest compressions rather than pausing for rescue breaths.
5. Eating too much sugar will give you diabetes.
Myth! Sweet foods don’t directly lead to chronically (慢性地) high blood sugar. But they can contribute to obesity, which is a risk factor for diabetes.
| A．Germs are active if you have a cold. |
| B．But research hasn’t confirmed that theory. |
| C．CPR doesn’t require mouth-to-mouth breathing. |
| D．Therefore, it’s inappropriate to deal with the burn with ice. |
| E．Instead, first immerse the burn in cool water for about five minutes. |
| F．So keeping a well-balanced diet and limiting treats is still the right idea. |
| G．The germs that cause the common cold grow energetically in low temperatures. |
【推荐3】There is increasing alarm about the extent of microplastic pollution, which has been found everywhere from Everest to the Arctic. However, it turns out there’s an even smaller and more toxic form of plastic pollution entering remote reaches of the globe. A new study published in Environmental Research found significant quantities of nanoplastics in ice samples from both the North and South Poles.
“Now we know that nanoplastics are transported to these corners of the Earth in these quantities. This indicates that nanoplastics are really a bigger pollution problem than we thought,” study lead author Dusan Materic said in a press release.
Nanoplastics are plastics that are smaller than a micrometer in size. Their small size means they are more difficult to study than microplastics, or plastics between five millimeters and a micrometer. But they may be even more dangerous.
“Nanoplastics are very toxicologically (毒理学地) active compared to, for instance, microplastics, and that’s why this is very important,” Materic said.
Materic and his team used new methods to measure nanoplastic pollution in ice samples from Greenland and Antarctica. They sampled a 14-meter-deep ice core from the Greenland ice cap and sea ice from Antarctica’s McMurdo Sound. They found that there were an average of 13.2 nanograms per milliliter of nanoplastics in the Greenland ice and an average of 52.3 nanograms per milliliter in the Antarctic ice.
But what was even more surprising than the amount of nanoplastics in the remote ice was just how long they had sat there. “In the Greenland core, we see nanoplastic pollution happening all the way from the 1960s. So organisms in that region, despite the lack of the solid evidence, likely all over the world, have been exposed to it for quite some time now,” Materic said.
The study also looked at the types of plastic present in the samples. Half of the Greenland nanoplastics were polyethylene (PE), the kind of plastic used for plastic bags and packaging. A quarter came from tires and a fifth were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is used for clothing and bottles.
1. Why should researchers focus more on nanoplastics?| A．They are more important to science. | B．They are smaller but more dangerous. |
| C．They are easily polluted by ocean water. | D．They are more active in cold surroundings. |
| A．The North and South poles are the birthplace of nanoplastics. |
| B．Kanoplastics have less influence on the planet than microplastics. |
| C．Nanoplastics found in the samples are widely used in the daily life. |
| D．Nanoplastics have been existing since the 1960s throughout the world. |
| A．Greenland ice cap. | B．Antarctica’s McMurdo. |
| C．The south and north poles. | D．All places in the world. |
| A．Mircoplastics—proving more dangerous. | B．Nanoplastics—making its way to the poles. |
| C．Nanoplastics—posing a threat to people’s life. | D．Mircoplastics—setting the alarm bells ringing. |
【推荐1】Chinese fans might just be on cloud nine right now since the movie Spirited Away has finally been scheduled for a June 21 release in Chinese mainland. The movie made by Studio Ghibli was originally released in 2001 and quickly gained fame around the world for the fascinating and thrilling story it offers. It follows the adventures of a 10-year-old girl named Chihiro, voiced by Zhou Dongyu, as she wanders around the spirit world to bring her parents back to their original form after turning into pigs. In the magical world, she encounters challenges and a cunning witch, voiced by Wang Lin, who wants to keep Chihiro as her servant forever. She also meets a boy named Haku, voiced by Jing Boran, who will help her through the journey, Peng Yuchang gives life to Kaonashi, and Tian Zhuangzhuang takes the role of Kamaji.
Spirited Away remains to this day the only non-English language title to earn the Best Animated Feature prize. It is also the highest grossing film in Japanese history. The anime grossed over $275 million in Japan during its initial release, out-grossing such box office-Titanic. Studio Ghibli films have remained popular in China. It’s currently the second Studio Ghibli film to make its way in China, the first being My Neighbor Totoro which was digitally remastered and shown in Chinese mainland cinemas last December.
Anime has long been popular with audiences and $83 million of Your Name’s total gross came from the Chinese mainland. The Totoro release was a huge box office success with more than $26 million, and Spirited Away is widely expected to perform even better given its popularity.
1. What do the underlined words “on cloud nine” probably mean?| A．Embarrassed. | B．Jealous. |
| C．Happy. | D．Surprised. |
| A．Because she wants to find friendship. |
| B．Because she wants to go through the journey. |
| C．Because she wants to keep herself as a servant of the witch. |
| D．Because she wants to bring her parents back to their original form. |
| A．My Neighbor Totoro | B．Spirited Away |
| C．Your Name | D．Titanic |
| A．In an entertainment report. | B．In a short story collection. |
| C．In a travel magazine. | D．In a research paper. |
【推荐2】As you’re drafting your New Year’s resolutions, you may think that it takes 21 days of repeating an action for that action to become a habit. So, you set out to go to the gym for 21 days, thinking that by day 22 heading to the gym will feel automatic — maybe even fun.
However, that 21-day estimate isn’t true. A habit expert Wendy Wood found that this falsehood came from a self-help book in the 1960s and actually described how long it takes to get used to your new appearance after plastic surgery. It’s important to note that getting used to something is not the same thing as forming a habit, and perhaps the two concepts got confused along the way, giving rise to the term today.
To figure out how long it actually takes to form a habit, Phillippa Lally, and her team did a series of research.
They recruited 96 people and asked each person to choose one new habit and report each day on whether or not they did the behavior and how automatic the behavior felt. Some people chose simple habits like “drinking a bottle of water with lunch.” Others chose more difficult tasks like “running for 15 minutes before dinner.” At the end of 12 weeks, the researchers analyzed the data to determine how long it took each person to go from starting a new behavior to automatically doing it.
The study found that it takes more than 2 months before a new behavior becomes automatic — 66 days to be exact. And if you want to set your expectations appropriately, the truth is that it will probably take you anywhere from two months to eight months to build a new behavior into your life. Interestingly, the researchers also found that “missing one opportunity to perform the behavior did not affect the habit formation process.” That is to say, it doesn’t matter if you mess up every now and then. Building better habits is not an all-or-nothing process.
So, for those who wish to form certain habits, persistence is king. To form a good habit, we need to pay more energy and effort.
1. What does “21days” actually mean according to Wendy Wood?| A．The time one drafts a book. |
| B．The time one develops a new habit. |
| C．The time one gets used to something. |
| D．The time one recovers from a surgery. |
| A．By doing questionnaires. | B．By tracking people’s behaviors. |
| C．By making predictions. | D．By analyzing data of previous studies. |
| A．Habits cannot be noticed easily. |
| B．The amount of time a habit takes varies. |
| C．One should perform a behavior constantly. |
| D．It takes exactly 66 days to form a new habit. |
| A．Habit — good or not? | B．Better habit, better life? |
| C．21days to form a habit? | D．Hit or miss with habits? |
【推荐3】A new study has found that cats can connect with people in the same way as dogs and children. In experiments in cats and humans, the researchers found that cats do show specific “attachment styles toward human caregivers”. This suggests that cats show some of the same social abilities that historically have only been linked to dogs.
In a statement, writers of the study said the evidence suggests that both cat and dog attachments to humans may represent the same kind of connection that exists between children and their caretakers. “Our study indicates that when cats live in a state of dependency with a human, that attachment behavior is flexible and the majority of cats use humans as a source of comfort.”
The researchers designed experiments similar to the methods used to measure human attachment behavior. For example, other studies have observed how babies react to being reunited with caregivers after being separated for short periods. In this experiment, adult and young cats first spent two minutes in a room with their caregivers. The cats then spent two minutes in the room alone, followed by a two-minute reunion period with the caregivers.
About 70 cats were studied. The behavior of the animals was observed by experts who divided them into two groups. Sixty-four percent were judged to be “securely attached” to caregivers, while 36 percent were found to be “insecurely attached” to caregivers.
The cats with secure attachments showed several signs “reduced stress” levels. These cats were found to be more comfortable and effectively balance their attention between the person and their surroundings. “The majority of cats use their owner as a source of security. Your cat is depending on you to feel secure when they are stressed out,” researchers said. They added that the results showed that the level of secure and insecure attachments in cats is very close to those measured in human babies. In humans, research has found that 65 percent of babies are also securely attached to their caregivers.
1. What can we infer from the passage?| A．Cats feel less secure when they stay with their caregivers. |
| B．Only dogs are much like children in the attachment to caregivers. |
| C．People used to think that only dogs were attached to their caregivers. |
| D．Cats and dogs have different ways to be attached to their caregivers. |
| A．Cats depend on humans in every way. | B．Cats feel less stressed with humans aside. |
| C．Most cats use humans as a source of comfort. | D．Most cats feel anxious with humans not present. |
| A．They stayed close to their caregivers. |
| B．Their stress was obviously reduced. |
| C．They gave more attention to the surroundings. |
| D．They liked to be with children better than with adults. |
| A．Science. | B．Health | C．Zoology. | D．Entertainment. |
