【推荐1】Being able to land safely is a critically important skill for all flying animals. Comparatively speaking, ground living animals face no particular challenge when they need to stop running or crawling, while flying animals move at much higher speed, and they must be careful about how they land. Hitting the ground, or even water, at full flight speed would be quite dangerous. Before touching down, they must decrease their speed in order to land safely. Both bats and birds have mastered the skill of landing, but these two types of flyers go about it quite differently.

In the past it was believed that, in terms of flying mechanics, there was little difference between bats and birds. This belief was based only on assumption, however, because for years nobody had actually studied in detail how bats move their wings. In recent years, though, researchers have discovered a number of interesting facts about bat flight. Bats are built differently from birds, and their wings are made up of both their front and hind limbs (肢体). This makes coordinating (协调) their limbs more difficult for bats and, as a result, they are not very good at flying over longer distances. However, they are much better at the ability to adjust themselves: a bat can quickly change its direction of flight or completely reverse it, something a bird cannot easily do.

Another interesting characteristic of bat flight is the way in which bats land-upside down! Unlike birds which touch down on the ground or on tree branches, bats can be observed flying around and then suddenly hanging upside down from an object overhead. One downside to this landing routine is that the bats often land with some force, which probably causes pain. However, not all bats hit their landing spots with the same speed and force; these will vary depending on the area where a bat species makes its home. For example, a cave bat, which regularly lives on a hard stone ceiling, is more careful about its landing preparation than a bat more accustomed to landing in leafy treetops.

1. Which of the following is the topic of the passage?

A．Places where flying animals choose to land.

B．Why scientists have difficulty observing bats.

C．Differences in the eating habits of bats and birds.

D．Ways in which bats move differently from birds.

2. Which of the following is a false assumption about bats that was recently corrected?

A．They cannot hear any sound.	B．They sleep upside down.
C．They fly similarly to birds.	D．They hide in tree branches.

3. The word “it” (in 2^nd paragraph) probably refers to “______”.

A．the distance to the nets	B．the sense of flying height
C．the flying direction	D．the ability to change the speed

4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A．Bats might hurt themselves when landing.

B．Bats can hang upside down like birds.

C．Bats can adjust speed before landing.

D．Bats and birds land in different ways.

【推荐2】The fire of creativity doesn’t necessarily burn out after youth.“Many people believe that the creativity is exclusively (专有地) associated with youth, but it really depends on what kind of creativity you’re talking about,” says the lead study author, Bruce Weinberg of Ohio State University.

According to the study, there are two types of innovators (创新者): conceptual and experimental. Weinberg and fellow researcher David Galenson think that those who tend to do their best work in their mid-20s are conceptual innovators, while those who peak in their 50s are experimental innovators.

Weinberg and Galenson studied the works of 31 Nobel Prize winners of economics, placing the economists on a range of most conceptual to most experimental. The age at which an economist contributed the most well-regarded to the field was taken into account, and the age at which the work entered the economic field helped to classify the economist’s creative peak (顶峰).

Economists with a conceptual approach peaked in their 20s, while those who took the experimental approach peaked in their late 50s. Most of the winners made their great discoveries after at least 25 years of hard work.

The researchers correlated (与……相关联) their findings in economic achievements with those of scientific achievements. For example, they mention Albert Einstein as a conceptual innovator, who put forward the famous Special Theory of Relativity at the age of 26. They suggest scientist Charles Darwin developed his most groundbreaking theories later on in life, which would make him an experimental innovator. This makes sense given that the theory of evolution was developed over many years through a long process of trial and error.

None of this is to say that either type of innovative approach is exclusive to different age groups. It isn’t unheard of for an older person to be a conceptual innovator or for younger people to innovate more experimentally. The research simply shows trends. Anyhow, there's always a little room for a creative breakthrough — no matter your age

1. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．Creativity Is The Best When One Is Young

B．Scientists Became Famous At Different Ages

C．Experimental Innovators Peak In Late 50’s

D．Creativity Isn’t Exclusive To The Young

2. From the third and fourth paragraph, we can reach a conclusion that_______.

A．most winners made creative discoveries in their late 20’s

B．award-winning economists tend to use conceptual approaches

C．the majority of 31 winners were experimental innovators

D．researchers interviewed Nobel Prize winners of economics

3. What do you know about experimental innovators?

A．They inspire their creative ideas by a sudden spark.

B．They slowly cultivate creative ideas over a long time.

C．They tend to challenge most basic scientific concepts.

D．They often make important contributions in literature.

4. What does the writer want to express in Paragraph 5?

A．The findings are also applied to scientific field.

B．Scientists make breakthroughs by trial and error.

C．Economic theories are based on scientific facts.

D．Scientific discoveries call for many years of work.

【推荐3】As scientists probe(探究) the mysteries inside our heads, their discoveries are proving new insights into how we can all sharpen our mental machinery.

Your brain is fat

In fact, you brain is the fattiest organ in your body, consisting of a minimum of 60 percent fat. Fat carries, absorbs and stores vitamins in your bloodstream.    1    .

We can get smarter as we get older

Rawan Tarawneh, an assistant professor, points out that although some mental processes decline as we age, not all does.    2    , On the other hand, language functions tend to remain well preserved as we get older, peaking even into our early 70s.

    3    

Comparing the brains of great thinkers, writers, and mathematicians hasn’t yielded conclusive evidence that the size of the brain has a connection to intelligence.

Intelligence might start with ignoring distractions

Intelligent people were better at detecting movements of small objects on a screen but worse at movements of large background objects. This may be because in nature, large movements such as the wind in the trees are irrelevant, but the harder-to-see animals is essential.    4    

    5    

For example, experiments have shown that people who were born blind use the visual parts of their brains for tasks other than seeing.

A．Fat is essential for brain.

B．In our information-laden world, focusing on only what’s important may give some people an edge (优势).

C．The close connection between brain’s size and intelligence.

D．It also helps the immune system function properly.

E．You brain can adapt itself.

F．Some of our brain functions, such as short term memory show some decline with aging.

G．Bigger isn’t necessarily better.

【推荐1】Restricting meals to early in the day did not affect weight among overweight adults with prediabetes or diabetes(糖尿病), according to a research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2020.

“We have wondered for a long time if when one eats during the day affects the way the body uses and stores energy,” said study author Nisa M. Maruthur, associate professor of medicine in Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. “Most previous studies have not controlled the number of calories, so it wasn't clear if people who ate earlier just ate fewer calories. In this study, the only thing we changed was the time of eating in the day.”

Maruthur and colleagues followed 41 overweight adults in a 12-week study. Most participants(参与者)（90%）were African American women with prediabetes or diabetes, and average age of 59 years. Twenty-one of the adults followed a time-restricted eating pattern, limiting eating to specific hours of the day and ate 80% of their calories before 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hour window, consuming half of their daily calories after 5 pm for the entire 12 weeks. All participants consumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals provided for the study. Weight and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the study；then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.

The analysis found that people in both groups lost weight and had decreased blood pressure no matter when they ate. "We thought that the time-restricted group would lose more weight,” Maruthur said. “Yet that didn't happen. We did not see any difference in weight loss for those who ate most of their calories earlier versus later in the day. We did not see any effects on blood pressure either.”

The researchers are now collecting more detailed information on blood pressure recorded over 24 hours, and they will bring this information together with the results of a study on the effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar, insulin(胰岛素)and other hormones and making analyses on the data. "Together, these findings will help us to more fully understand the effects of time-restricted eating on cardiometabolic(心血管代谢)health," Maruthur said.

1. What made this study different from earlier ones?

A．Participants' age.	B．Participants' daily eating time
C．The number of participants.	D．Research members.

2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．Research procedure.	B．Research result.
C．Research purpose.	D．Research institution.

3. What do we know from Maruthur's words in paragraph 4?

A．Blood pressure is connected with eating time.

B．Taking in less calories earlier makes for weight loss.

C．Eat calories earlier doesn't affect weight loss.

D．Eating time determines your effect of losing weight.

4. What may the researchers do next according to the last paragraph?

A．Stop research.	B．Announce findings.
C．Write essays.	D．Analyze data.

【推荐2】Today is Friday the 13th of the year. Even though the date is known throughout Western culture as one associated with negative things, it’s really just another Friday on the calendar. There is no scientific evidence to suggest this day has an increased chance of bad occurrences compared with other days. But that doesn’t mean scientists haven’t tried to find any.

In Thomas W. Lawsons 1907 novel, Friday, the thirteenth, a businessman takes advantage of the superstition (迷信) and creates a Wall Street panic on the day. The book was the likely inspiration for a number of scientific examinations of stock market returns on Fridays that fell on the 13th day of the month compared with all other Fridays. In 2001, Brian Lucey, a business professor at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland, published his analysis of a few of those studies and found several flaws. The studies had narrow assessments overall, focusing on just a few markets or a single stock exchange. But when he analyzed the data as a whole, Lucey found that internationally, with few exceptions, returns on Friday the 13th were typically just a little higher than returns on other Fridays.

The scientific evidence for cause and effect may not be there, but people may still alter their behavior on Friday the 13th in a way that causes certain things to happen. The way people drive might be different from their usual. But the few studies that have examined traffic accidents haven’t found statistically significant trends to suggest Friday the 13th is more dangerous than other Fridays on the road.

The science is clear: Friday the 13th is a normal day. Yet, people continue to think this is meant to be a bad day. “Psychologically, superstitions arise from the desire to influence external events, decrease anxiety and reduce uncertainty,” said Neil Dagnall, a psychologist at Manchester Metropolitan University. “Besides, I don’t think people know often why they do things.”

1. Why is Friday the 13th usually associated with negativity?

A．The date increases possibility of risks.	B．Scientists have found enough evidence.
C．Culture has taught people to believe so.	D．Things always go bad or worse on the day.

2. What did Brian Lucey’s studies focus on?

A．Novels relating to Friday the 13th.	B．Written records of Wall Street panic.
C．Analysis of successful business cases.	D．Stock market returns on Friday the 13th

3. In Paragraph 3, the few studies are mentioned to show that____.

A．human fear of Friday the 13h is not necessary

B．traffic accidents can be avoided on other Fridays

C．people tend to behave strangely on Friday the 13th

D．staying at home is recommended on Friday the 13h

4. What does Neil Dagnall think of superstitions?

A．They can lead to endless human desires.

B．They can help people to reduce anxiety.

C．They cause great harm to physical health.

D．They produce a sense of controlling everything

【推荐3】Dolphins are much more intelligent than humans previously thought. Scientists have recently discovered that bottle-nosed dolphins can recognise themselves in the mirror—much like you and I can!

When you see a zit (青春痘) on your face, what do you do? Go to the mirror time and again, and wonder what it is still doing there. Well, this is exactly what two male bottle-nosed dolphins, Presley and Tab, do as well. So, these lovable animals are not just sailors, friends, but they are also aware of their bodies-almost like humans!

Presley and Tab stay in a pool with reflective glass walls in the New York Aquarium. Researchers noticed that when Presley and Tab saw their own reflections, unlike most other animals, they did not seem to think that they were looking at another dolphin. Dolphins are very social creatures, and are friendly with humans as well as their own kind. This got the researchers thinking. Perhaps the dolphins recognised their own images? So they decided to find it out.

Using special ink, they made marks on different parts of the dolphins’ bodies, changing the place every week. Every time their bodies were marked, the dolphins made more trips to the mirror than usual. If the ink mark was on their belly (腹部), they would expose their belly to the mirror and look at it for a long time. Imagine the dolphins wondering—“Now where did that mark come from? Is it dangerous? I wonder how long it’s going to stay.”

Till now, only the great apes have displayed this quality of recognising their images in the mirror. All other animals have failed this test. The researchers feel that these findings may increase human sensitivity towards dolphins, which are being hunted and killed in great numbers. Dolphin fins (鳍) are considered as deliciousness in several South-East Asian countries.

1. What is the scientists’ recent finding about dolphins?

A．Dolphins are social creatures friendly with humans.

B．Dolphins are not so intelligent as humans.

C．Dolphins can make correct use of mirror.

D．Dolphins have zits just like humans.

2. What do most animals regard their images in mirror as?

A．The competitors of them.	B．Their own reflections.
C．Their natural enemies.	D．Others of their kind.

3. Why did the dolphins look into mirror more according to the text?

A．To look for their partners.

B．To show their belly.

C．To watch their own beauty.

D．To concern for their safety.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Dolphins—sailors’ friends.

B．Dolphins, reaction to the mirror.

C．Dolphins are smarter than before.

D．Dolphins are cleverer than humans.

【推荐1】They have beaten us at chess, and now computers are taking a step into a very human territory: the reading comprehension test, which schoolchildren everywhere are suffering.

Alibaba said its artificial research outperformed mere mortals (凡人) in a global reading test that seeks answers to such pressing questions as “what was Nikola Tesla’s ethnicity?” and “how big is the Amazon rainforest?”

Luo Si referred to the machines' victory as “a milestone”. He said the technology has many uses, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical enquires-some of which are already being handled by chatbots (聊天机器人)   globally.

In the test, companies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to queries from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed reading comprehension. The computers' answers were compared against average human responses and ranked.

Tying in top place were Microsoft, the US software giant, and Alibaba, the Chinese tech group that began with ecommerce and--like its peers at home and abroad---is ploughing more funds into AI, much of it via its research arm.

While Microsoft and Alibaba won by the slimmest of margins---at accuracy levels a few basis points above humans’ 82.3 per cent in providing exact matches to questions--the tie provided a fitting symbol of the AI arms race between the US and China.

China aims to use its vast troves （宝库）of data, collected from its 1.4 billion population including 730 million who are online, and deep pockets to overtake the US in creating a $150 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution. AI is already being harnessed in everything from driverless cars to customising newsfeeds.

While China’s drive is being spearheaded by government, it is cultivating homegrown tech giants including Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent to leap ahead of the US.

Baidu made an early bet on AI, and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving. Tencent, which boasts just shy of 1 billion monthly active users on its social media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adopted AI in operations such as customizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields.

1. What does Luo Si think of Al’s performance in reading comprehension?

A．He feels frightened at it.

B．He has some doubts about it.

C．He thinks highly of it.

D．He considers it worth a try.

2. How did the reading test carry on for Al?

A．By allowing them to interact with humans.

B．By asking them to answer questions.

C．By giving them questions to analyze.

D．By making them compete with chatbots.

3. What does China depend on to lead in Al?

A．The new industrial revolution.

B．The huge market of $150 billion industry investment.

C．Massive data from its 1.4 billion population and huge amounts of treasure.

D．The cooperation between Chinese government and Microsoft.

4. In which field does Baidu do better than its rivals?

A．The medical enquires.

B．The customer service.

C．Customer news feeds.

D．The driverless cars.

【推荐2】In 1969, when Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon . the astronomical body was for Chinese just a glowing orb （圆形物）overhead to stare at and muse about. Now, fifty years later, China has become the first nation to land a robotic spacecraft on the far side of the moon.

As the world celebrates the historic US moon landing on July 20, 1969, Chinese lunar explorers said their moon exploration program, including plans for a robotic lunar research station prototype （原型）by 2030 to prepare manned missions, is open to international cooperation.

The lunar research station will become a base for astronauts to visit briefly and ultimately for a long-term stay, according to Li Chunlai, director of the Ground Research and Application System of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Project, and three of his colleagues. "International cooperation is an important element in China's strategy of lunar and deep space exploration," they wrote in an article published on Friday in a special issue of the US journal Science to mark the anniversary of the Apollo 11 moon landing.

In 2004, China unveiled a three-phase robotic lunar exploration program —orbiting, landing and returning- naming it the Chang e Project. Four missions were conducted between 2007 and 2019, with Chang e-4 deploying（部署）a lander and the Yutu-2 rover on the surface of the far side of the moon in early January. The fifth mission, scheduled for early next year. is to return rocks to Earth from a lunar area that has not yet been sampled（取样），according to the article s authors.

The authors wrote that China is open to cooperation with NASA on lunar exploration. "Both sides can start cooperating on aspects such as exchange of scientific data and space situational awareness information," the article said. "China also looks forward to exploring more opportunities to cooperate with NASA to preserve the space environment for generations to come. ”

Already, China's latest lunar mission Chang e-4 has carried out experiments from Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands （荷兰), it said. In April, the China National Space Administration announced cooperation opportunities for China s sixth lunar mission and its asteroid（小行星）exploration mission. It also signed lunar exploration cooperation agreements with the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs. Turkey, Ethiopia and Pakistan.

1. What does the underlined phrase "muse about" in Para. I mean?

A．Worry about.	B．Complain about.
C．Doubt about.	D．Think about.

2. What is China's fifth lunar mission?

A．To explore the asteroids of the moon.

B．To bring rocks to the earth from the moon.

C．To build a robotic research station prototype.

D．To carry out experiments from Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands・

3. What can we learn from the text?

A．China hasn't decided whether to explore more opportunities to cooperate with NASA.

B．China signed lunar exploration cooperation agreements with Turkey, India and Pakistan .

C．China's latest lunar mission Chang'e-4 has done experiments from some European countriess.

D．Chang'e-4 deployed a lander and the Yutu-2 rover on the surface of the near side of the moon in early January.

4. What can be the best title for the news report?

A．China invites nations to join in moon exploration

B．The world celebrates the historic US moon landing

C．China's present and future lunar exploration programs

D．China unveils a three-phase robotic lunar exploration program

【推荐3】Fabien Cousteau is the grandson of Jacques Cousteau, an ocean scientist who brought the wonders of the sea to the attention of people around the world. Jacques Cousteau helped invent the Aqua-Lung(水肺) , now used by divers everywhere. Fabien Cousteau has followed a similar path,exploring the sea as a scientist and working to protect the oceans.

Oceans cover more than 70% of our planet. NOAA says we have created maps of less than 20% of the world's oceans, and only 5% have been explored. Space seems to have gotten much more attention , even though it's farther away. The International Space Station( ISS) has been around for more than 20 years , and more people have gone to the moon than have gone to the deepest point in the ocean.

"The ocean is our life support system. It is the very reason why we exist in the first place,'Fabien says.

But though the ocean is all around us , studying it is a challenge. Divers are limited in how far down they can go and how long they can stay below. Returning to the surface can be dangerous. Fabien has announced a plan to build a large research station under the ocean named Proteus,which is designed to deal with many of those problems. The power for the station is expected to come from solar energy and the movement of the ocean. Fabien says that the research base won't just be used to study and help protect the sea, but also to research new ways of creating energy , and perhaps even searching for new medicines. Proteus is also expected to have the first under water greenhouse in the world , so that the lab will be able to grow some of its own food.

Like the ISS , Proteus is designed so that it can grow in the future , as scientists decide to add new sections or equipment to the station. Fabien hopes to have the lab completed and ready to use by 2023.

1. What do we know about Fabien Cousteau?

A．He's doing what Jacques once did.

B．He took part in the work in the ISS.

C．He built an undersea laboratory.

D．He helped invent the Aqua-Lung.

2. Why does the author mention the statistics in paragraph 2?

A．To show the world's oceans are vast.

B．To prove oceans and space are vital.

C．To advise people to protect oceans.

D．To tell why oceans need exploring.

3. Which of the following can best describe Proteus?

A．Environment-friendly.	B．Water-saving.
C．Expensive.	D．Risky.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Fabien's Ocean Research Achievements

B．Proteus: Research Lab Growing Gradually

C．Proteus : Plan for Underwater Version of ISS

D．Fabien's Dream about Promoting his Station

【推荐1】Running on Empty

For almost a century, scientists have assumed, tiredness—or exhaustion—in athletes originates(起源于) in the muscles. Precise explanations have varied, but all have been based on the “Limitations Theory”. In other words, muscles tire because they hit a physical limit: they either run out of fuel or oxygen or they drown in harmful by-products(副产品).

In the past few years, however, Timothy Noakes from the University of Cape Town, South Africa, has examined this standard theory. Tiredness, he argues, is caused not by signals springing from overtaxed muscles, but is an emotional response which begins in the brain. The fundamental nature of his new theory is that the brain paces the muscles to keep them well back from the edge of exhaustion. When the brain decides it’s time to quit, it creates unbearable muscle tiredness. This “Central Governor” theory remains controversial, but it does explain many puzzling aspects of athletic performance.

A recent discovery that Noakes calls the “lactic acid paradox” made him start researching this area seriously. Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and the increase of it is often mentioned as a cause of tiredness. But when research subjects exercise in certain conditions created artificially, they become tired even though lactic acid levels remain low. Nor has the oxygen content of their blood fallen too low for them to keep going. Obviously, something else was making them tire before they hit either of these physiological limits.

Noakes conducted an experiment with seven cyclists. It has long been known that during exercise, the body never uses 100% of the available muscle fibres(纤维). The amount used varies, but in some tasks such as this cycling test the body calls on about 30%. His team found that as tiredness set in, the electrical activity in cyclist’s legs declined—even when they were making a great effort to cycle as fast as they could.

To Noakes, this was strong evidence that the old theory was wrong. “The cyclists may have felt completely exhausted,” he says, “but their bodies actually had considerable reserves that they could theoretically tap by using a greater amount of the resting fibres.” This, he believes, is the proof that the brain is regulating the pace of the workout to hold the cyclists well back from the point of extreme tiredness.

1. Which of the following is supported by “the Limitations Theory”?

A．Tiredness is caused by signals from brain.

B．Athletes feel tired when they use up all their energy.

C．The body uses 100% of the muscle fibres in exercise.

D．Athletes become tired though lactic acid levels remain low.

2. Noakes has found out that ___________.

A．muscle fibres control athletes’ movements

B．Lactic acid levels remain high in cycling test

C．mental processes control the symptoms of tiredness

D．different exercises use different amount of muscle fibres

3. It is likely that both theories accept that ___________.

A．lactic acid is produced in muscles during exercise

B．the oxygen content in blood may rise after sports

C．tiredness is a harmful by-product of exercise

D．the energy in human bodies can be balanced

4. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The description of a new test.

B．The explanation of the theory.

C．The puzzling evidence of a study.

D．The whole process of the research.

【推荐2】Each year, backed up by a growing anti-consumerist movement, people are using the holiday season to call on us all to shop less.

Driven by concerns about resource exhaustion, over recent years environmentalists have increasingly turned their sights on our “consumer culture”. Groups such as The Story of Stuff and Buy Nothing New Day are growing as a movement that increasingly blames all our ills on our desire to shop.

We clearly have a growing resource problem. The produces we make, buy, and use are often linked to the destruction of our waterways, biodiversity, climate and the land on which millions of people live. But to blame these issues on Christmas shoppers is misguided, and puts us in the old trap of blaming individuals for what is a systematic problem.

While we complain about environmental destruction over Christmas, environmentalists often forget what the holiday season actually means for many people. For most, Christmas isn’t an add-on to an already heavy shopping year. In fact, it is likely the only time of year many have the opportunity to spend on friends and family, or even just to buy the necessities needed for modern life.

This is particularly, true for Boxing Day, often the target of the strongest derision(嘲弄) by anti-consumerists. While we may laugh at the queues in front of the shops, for many, those sales provide the one chance to buy items they’ve needed all year. As Leigh Phillips argues, “this is one of the few times of the year that people can even hope to afford such ‘luxuries’, the Christmas presents their kids are asking for, or just an appliance that works.”

Indeed, the richest 7% of people are responsible for 50% of greenhouse gas emissions. This becomes particularly harmful when you take into account that those shopping on Boxing Day are only a small part of our consumption “problem” anyway. Why are environmentalists attacking these individuals, while ignoring such people as Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich, who has his own￡1.5bn yacht with a missile defence system?

Anyway, anti-consumerism has become a movement of wealthy people talking down to the working class about their life choices, while ignoring the real cause of our environmental problems. It is no wonder one is changing their behaviours—or that environmental destruction continues without any reduction in intensity.

1. It is indicated in the 1st   paragraph that during the holiday season, many consumers .

A．ignore resource problems

B．are fascinated with presents

C．are encouraged to spend less

D．show great interest in the movement.

2. It can be inferred from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that the environmentalist movement .

A．has targeted the wrong persons

B．has achieved its intended purposes

C．has taken environment-friendly measures

D．has benefited both consumers and producers

3. The example of Roman Abramovich is used to show environmentalists’ .

A．madness about life choices

B．discontent with rich lifestyle

C．ignorance about the real cause

D．disrespect for holiday shoppers

4. It can be concluded from the text that telling people not to shop at Christmas is .

A．anything less than a responsibility	B．nothing more than a bias
C．indicative of environmental awareness	D．unacceptable to ordinary people

【推荐3】China’s domestically developed, long-acting experimental AIDS drug is undergoing a final review by the China Food and Drug Administration, the last stage in the approval process.

Different from traditional oral drugs that require daily use, but it’s a heavy burden for patients to take medicine every day for years. As a result, long-acting drugs are the future direction in developing innovative AIDS medicine. For Chinese patients, the number of oral drugs available in the domestic market is very limited, so there is an urgent need for drugs to solve the problem of drug resistance.

Zhao Yan, a treatment specialist at the National Center for AIDS said seven or eight oral drugs for AIDS are currently provided to patients for free. “The injection solution could give an alternative to patients ... if it could be included in the country’s health insurance system,” she said.

“Now very few patients are using drugs from the health insurance system, both because no differentiated drugs are provided and because the procedure is more complex and could harm their privacy,” she said. “New drugs will be broadly used only if the system can embrace more varieties of drugs.”

Albuvirtide went into the research and development stage in 2002 and entered phase three of clinical trials—a step to assure safety and effectiveness before market approval—in 2014. Phase three is the last round of clinical trials for new drug tests in China. If the drug can pass the reviews of the country’s drug watchdog, usually at least two rounds, it can then enter the market. The time needed for the review ranges from months to years.

Clinical trials showed that the new drug performs even better than the oral drugs being used. Most of the oral drugs for AIDS being used in China are generic drugs developed in the 1970s and „80s that are not so efficient. In terms of safety and effectiveness, evidence so far showed that Albuvirtide is better than most second-line drugs—drugs used when first-line standard drugs fail—in developed countries because of lower toxicity (毒性) and fewer side effects.

Worldwide, a number of long-acting AIDS drug are in development. None has been approved for sale. Only Albuvirtide and a few in the United States have entered phase three of clinical trials.

1. Albuvirtide is ________.

A．a China-developed long-acting oral AIDS drug

B．undergoing a clinical test on dogs to assure its safety

C．more efficient than other AIDS drugs and has fewer side effects

D．the only AIDS drug that has entered the last round of clinical trials

2. Albuvirtide is good news for AIDS patients in China because ________.

A．it’s a new drug and they are not resistant to it

B．it is one of the most effective first-line drugs

C．it has been included in the health insurance system

D．they can keep their privacy by being injected once a week

3. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A．The research and development of Albuvirtide began in 2002.

B．There are usually three phases in the clinical trial for a new drug.

C．Albuvirtide is now in the stage of carrying out clinical trials.

D．The time needed for review varies from drug to drug.

4. We can infer from the passage that ________.

A．Albuvirtide can spare patients from taking oral drugs every day

B．the health insurance system has room for further improvement

C．most AIDS drugs being used now were developed in last century

D．China is leading the whole world in the field of AIDS research