There's much to see under the sea, but you need to remember that light behaves differently in water than in air. The objects appear closer to you than they exactly are. You might find yourself reaching out to touch something and completely missing it.
Objects underwater will appear larger than they would on the surface, too. Be careful not to tell any stories about the big fish that got away. That fish might not be so big after all! It's just because sometimes things can seem to be as much as about 33 percent bigger in water!
What's more, in deeper water, colors just don't seem as bright. In fact, it looks as if some colors are missing. Remember the color of an object results from the wavelengths (波长) of light that are reflected(反射) from its surface. And light is taken in as it moves down through the water.
Swimmers wear wet suits to keep warm underwater. Let's take a bright red, yellow, and blue wet suit as an example. These colors are hard to miss on the surface of water. Watch carefully the changes in color as you descend in the water. The red part now looks almost black because the red light wavelengths, the longest among these three colors, are missing. As you go down deeper, the same thing will happen to the yellow part and in the end to the blue part. Even at a place of about 6 to 9 meters underwater, you will look terrible, like a ghost(鬼怪)! And you have to wait for your return to the surface to enjoy the bright colors again.
1. You miss the object under water when you want to touch it because ______.| A．your eyesight is quite poor | B．you are not quick enough |
| C．it is not as close as it seems | D．it disappears very quickly |
| A．the size | B．the color | C．the position | D．the weight |
| A．上升 | B．增加 | C．屏息 | D．下潜 |
| A．A four-meter-long fish looks three meters long underwater. |
| B．The wavelengths of red light are longer than those of blue light. |
| C．Much water will be taken in by the swimmer deep in the wave. |
| D．You will see a ghost if you go as deep as 6 to 9 meters into the sea. |
| A．The standard of color underwater | B．The direction of light underwater |
| C．The brightness of color underwater | D．The behavior of light underwater |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Have you ever heard of “a ball of energy”? People often use it to describe very active children. But today we tell about an invention called the socket, that is a real soccer ball of energy. Julia Silverman explains that in fact the soccket is a portable generator (便携式发电机).
Julia Silverman and Jessica Matthews developed the soccket as part of a group project for an engineering class at Harvard University. There are mechanisms (装置) in a soccket. When you kick, hit or throw it, energy is then kept in it by these mechanisms instead of disappearing into the environment. Then the user can put something directly into the ball, like a lamp, or a mobile phone charger so that they can get energy from it. For every fifteen minutes of the game play, the soccket can provide enough electricity (电) for an LED lamp for three hours, and the ball can store (储藏) up to 24 hours’ electricity.
The International Energy Association reported last year that nearly one and a half billion people in the world had no electricity to use, and most of them live in sub-Saharan. Africa and in India and other countries in Asia. Julia Silverman and Jessica Matthews both had experiences in developing countries before they began the project. They knew that power shortage are a serious problem in these areas. There’s an energy crisis in the world. One out of every five people in the world don’t have any electricity. And besides that, there are a lot of health problems because what people use instead of the electricity are harmful choices like kerosene (煤油) lamps, which produce a lot of smoke.
Julia Silverman says the soccket ball is one small solution (解决方法) to a big problem. Jessica Matthews and Julia Silverman hope their soccket ball will shine more light on the problem of power shortages. It offers people a chance to put their energy into the world’s most popular sport and get some energy in return.
1. From the passage, we know the soccket is ________.| A．an active child | B．an invention | C．a lamp | D．a mobile phones |
| A．fifteen minutes | B．half an hour | C．six hours | D．three hours |
| A．a time of safety | B．a time of difficulty | C．a time of success | D．a time of pride |
| A．Julia Silverman has never been to developing countries before |
| B．only active children like to play soccket |
| C．kicking a soccket can let the energy disappear into the environment |
| D．people can get some energy by playing soccket |
| A．The Only Way to Produce Electricity | B．The Best Way to Solve Energy Crisis |
| C．A Soccer Bell that Gives Energy | D．An Invention Changing the Universe |
【推荐2】Sleep is very important. In fact we spend a third of our lives sleeping !
For some people they fall asleep as soon as their heads hit the pillow (枕头). But for others, it’s difficult to fall asleep, leaving them tired in the next morning. We call this problem insomnia. For modern people, the use of electronic products, such as cell phones and TVs increase the chance of a bad night’s sleep. Researchers say that the light from those electronics at night may make us excited before we go to bed. Then it’s hard for us to get to sleep.
But we all know, a good sleep is very important. It influences whether we are happy or not. We can easily find we usually have a good mood after a good sleep. What’s more, a good sleep can influence our brain. Some studies have connected sleep with memory. The sleeping brain appears to be necessary for long-term memory. And it can make us forget unnecessary information. So sleep may help us remember what’s important by letting us forget what’s not. Besides, a good sleep can help our physical health as well. Do you find a person who has a good sleep usually do not have acne (青春痘)? That’s because enough sleep balance their internal secretion and detox (内分泌和排毒).
It’s important for us to have a good sleep. It’s said a person who does not sleep dies faster than a person who does not eat. Do you still dare to sleep late?
1. Why is it hard for us to sleep according to the researchers?| A．We don’t feel tired. | B．The pillows are hard. |
| C．The light in the room is too strong. | D．The light of electronics makes us excited. |
| A．Whether we are happy or not is up to a good sleep. |
| B．A person who has acne usually has a good sleep. |
| C．A long-term memory has nothing to do with good long-term. |
| D．The use of electronic products makes people sleep well. |
| A．It can make us have no acne. |
| B．It can make us have short-term memory. |
| C．It may help us remember important things. |
| D．It may help us remember unnecessary information. |
| A．How to get a good sleep? |
| B．A good sleep is important to us. |
| C．A good sleep is necessary for our memory. |
| D．How to balance our internal secretion and detox? |
First, put two objects with the same weight into two boxes. Then cover the box. Third, wrap one box with a red piece of paper, the other with a white piece of paper. OK. Now hold the boxes with your hand one by one. It is certain that you will think the red one is a little heavier.
Why do you think so? A scientist found that different colors have different weight in a man’s mind. So he did man tests and at last he got the result. That is to say, every color has its own weight in our mind and their order is the same. The heaviest color is red, then blue, green, orange, yellow and white.
The scientist told us that colors also have smell. Can you smell the color? Of course not. Then why did the scientist say so? That is because every color stands for a kind of light with a certain wavelength. It reaches our brain through sense organs (感觉器官).
According to this discovery, scientists say that people accept the colors they like, and refuse the colors they hate. So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colors you like. Or you’ll be nervous or even get ill. For example, if you stay in a room with red windows, wallpapers and furniture for two hours, you’ll feel you have been there for four hours. But if the room is blue, you’ll feel you have been there for only an hour. Another example, if a person walks out of a red room and into a blue room, his temperature will fall. That means our body temperature will change with different colors.
1. The purpose of the second paragraph is to tell us ___________.
| A．a red box is heavier than a white one | B．a color has weight in one’s mind |
| C．white paper is lighter than red paper | D．you can know the weight of a color by holding it |
| A．Because people can sense the light from colors. |
| B．Because we can smell colors with our nose. |
| C．Because every color has its own sweet smell. |
| D．Because every color can give off light of the same length. |
| A．rise | B．fall | C．stay the same | D．change now and then |
| A．book review（评论） | B．fiction novel |
| C．fairy tale | D．science report |
【推荐1】Two young Chinese names catch people’s eyes at the Beijing 2022 Winter Games: Gu Ailing and Su Yiming. Both 18 years old, they won medals and made history. People call them “talented persons”, but they don’t quite agree on it.
Gu was born in the US. She started to ski at 3 and began professional(专业的) training at 8. Now she’s an Olympic winner, a fashion model, and going to Stanford University this fall. How can she be so successful? “Only one percent of it came from my talent,” said Gu. “People don’t see how I train, fall and make mistake every day.”
Su Yiming is a boy from Jilin. He began to learn snowboarding at the age of 4. In 2015, he heard the news that Beijing would hold the 2022 Games. Su was in primary school then. “I promised myself that I would try to make it to my home Olympics. To many people, it sounded like an unrealistic (不切实际的) dream.” said Su. Now with a gold and a silver hung around his neck, Su is “so proud”of himself. “If you have a dream, go for it!” said Su after his Olympic win. “Hard work never let you down.”
1. When does Gu become an Olympic winner?| A．At 3. | B．At 8. | C．At 18. | D．This fall. |
| A．The US. | B．Stanford. | C．Beijing. | D．Jilin. |
| A．We shouldn’t be afraid of difficulties, they can make us better! |
| B．We shouldn’t go for dreams, they are unrealistic. |
| C．We should study hard and join in the Olympics. |
| D．We should be players when we grow up. |
【推荐2】A record of 1,101 manatees（海牛）died in Florida last year, many from hunger.
So last December, government wildlife experts thought up a plan to give food to the manatees. They decided to feed them green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. Ron Mezich, an expert, said, “We’re making a difference.” So far, they have served up more than 193,000 pounds of lettuce to hungry manatees. But as the weather is getting warm, the program is expected to end soon.
Manatees are huge sea animals that only eat sea grass and other plants that live in the sea. That’s one reason why they are sometimes called “sea cows”. Since 1967, Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals. Most dangers to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems facing the animals are boats. Manatees are curious and fairly slow. That has led to thousands of manatees being hit or killed by boats. At one point, there were only about 2,000 manatees left in Florida. With protection, the number increased. In 2016, there were more than 6,000 manatees.
However, as sea grass began to disappear, the number of manatees keeps going down again. Warming seas with polluted water have created huge growths of algae（藻）on the ocean’s surface. The algae blocks（阻挡）the sunlight that allows the sea grass to grow. For example, in Indian River lagoon, where manatees often go in the winter, about 90% of the sea grass beds have died off. In the long term, Florida will work to help restore（恢复）sea grass beds. But that will take time. Scientists still worry that hundreds of more manatees could starve this winter.
1. Why are manatees sometimes called sea cows?| A．They are as big as cows. | B．They can swim like cows. |
| C．They feed on plants like cows. | D．They have tails like cows. |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．Fast and endangered. | B．Huge and warm. |
| C．Slow and curious. | D．Hungry and green. |
| A．Warmer weather. | B．Warming seas with polluted water. |
| C．Many sea animals. | D．Some other plants. |
【推荐3】Moderation（自我调节）
Pay attention to how you lead your life most of the time. A healthy lifestyle is one that doesn’t take extremes （极端） as a way of life. Be moderate in what you do.
Eat well
It is important to pay attention to both what you eat and how you eat. As Socrates said: “You should eat to live ;not live to eat.” A different diet （饮食） with vegetables and fresh fruits is good for the brain. Also take time off for meals.
Exercise
Students must know the value of exercise because it plays a necessary part in counterbalancing （抵消）the stress（压力）responses produced in our bodies by having to meet exams.
Sleep
Students are getting less and less of sleep which might lead to more stress. The hours of sleep before midnight are thought to be the most helpful. For this reason students must re-regulate their body clock and go to bed and get up at regular time.
Express yourself
The way students feel about their work and other issues in their life plays a huge part in how they deal with stress. It is advisable that students should be realistic whatever happens in their lives.
To sum up, studies are really very important, but never at the expense（代价）of students’ physical and mental well-being. Besides, if students feel well they will be ready to face the challenges（挑战） of exams alive and kicking.
1. What food is good for the brain according to paragraph two?| A．Vegetables and fruits. | B．Hamburgers and meat. |
| C．Rice and noodles. | D．Cake and fruits |
| A．At 7:00 pm. | B．At 10:00 pm. | C．At 1:00 am. | D．At 7:00 am |
| A．In a tour guide. | B．On a web page for tips. | C．In a daily newspaper. | D．In a story |
| A．Stress in part of students’ lives | B．A healthy mind in a healthy body |
| C．Prepare for your exams with a healthy body and mind | D．A different diet |
Beijing Opera, also called Peking Opera, is our national opera. It came into being (形成) after 1790 and has a history of over 200 years. Its music and singing came from Xipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Hubei. The Guangxu Emperor (帝王) and Empress Dowager Cixi were also crazy about Beijing Opera and helped develop the art form.
There are four main roles in Beijing Opera: Sheng, Dan, Jing, Chou. Sheng is the leading male (男性) actor. For example, a Wusheng is a soldier or fighter. A Xiaosheng is a young man. A Laosheng is an old man with beard (胡子). Dan is the female (女性) role. Jing, mostly male, is the face painted role and Chou is the comedy (喜剧) actor or clown (小丑).
Beijing Opera is full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, wonderful gestures and fighting. Some of the stories are from history books, but most are from famous novels. The people in the stories usually can’t agree with each other. They become angry, unhappy, sad and lonely. Sometimes they are afraid and worried. Then they find a way to make peace with (与……讲和) each other. Everyone is usually happy in the end.
Beijing Opera is an important part of Chinese culture. In China it used to be popular with old people while young people didn’t like it very much. However, more young people are becoming interested in it nowadays. And more people around the world are learning about Beijing Opera’s special singing, acting and facial paintings.
1. Beijing Opera's singing is from _________.| A．Anhui and Hubei | B．Beijing and Anhui | C．the history book | D．the literature |
| A．stories | B．roles | C．gestures | D．paintings |
| A．honest | B．funny | C．boring | D．serious |
| A．in a geography textbook | B．in a science and technology magazine |
| C．in a business report | D．on a culture website |
| A．Peking Opera is full of different gestures. |
| B．There are only four roles in Beijing Opera. |
| C．Beijing Opera is the most popular in the world. |
| D．The people in the story usually are in agreement. |
【推荐2】In China，more and more villagers have left home to make a living in big cities. As a result，their children have become leftover children and they need more care. The survey below is from some villages in Central China. Three hundred children were chosen to answer the questions.
| What they want | Love | Money | Freedom | Control | Something else |
| 40% | 18% | 28% | 10% | 4% | |
| Who to talk with | Oneself | Family members | No one | ||
| 27% | 55% | 18% | |||
| Communicate （交流） with their parents freely or not | Yes | A little difficult | No | ||
| 46% | 44% | 10% | |||
| The way they like to live | Living with parents | Living without parents | No idea | ||
| 58% | 14% | 28% | |||
| What they think of their parents'working in cities | Bad | Good | No idea | ||
| 20% | 39% | 41% | |||
| Happiest place | School | Home | Friend's home | ||
| 48% | 34% | 18% | |||
1. Of all the four things，the leftover children need ________ most.
| A．love | B．money | C．control | D．freedom |
| A．14% | B．28% | C．44% | D．58% |
| A．48. | B．102. | C．144. | D．156. |
| A．pocket money | B．places they like | C．their needs | D．their parents' working in cities |
| A．most leftover children want more freedom without parents |
| B．over 40% of the children have difficulty talking to parents freely |
| C．all the leftover children dream of making money in big cities |
| D．most villagers prefer living a life in the countryside. |
【推荐3】Studying in groups is becoming more and more popular in class. It has many advantages. For example, we can not only save time but also encourage each other when we study in groups.
I still remember when I was in Grade 8, my physics was very poor. I had a really hard time with it. Once in class, the teachers asked us to discuss it with each other, but I was very shy, I could not do it like what they told me. My physics teacher encouraged me to face others and talk with someone else bravely. Then I studied with some classmates together. When I did not understand any questions, they could give me some advice, I could quickly find out the ways to deal with the problems. After that, I felt very relaxed and asked my classmates a lot of questions about physics. I did not feel stressed out at all. At last, I finished my homework by myself for the first time. How excited I was!
Because of studying in groups, I am not worried about physics any more. With my classmates’ help, I get more confidence. It also gives me more chances to improve myself in many ways.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正误。正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. The writer was weak in geography when he was in Grade 8.
2. The writer’s physics teacher encouraged him to faces others bravely.
3. When the writer didn’t understand any questions, nobody could give him some advice.
4. The writer did not feel stressed out at all by studying in groups.
5. With the teachers’ help, the writer gets more confidence.
【推荐1】Once while being prepared for a television interview, I was chatting with the host about stay-at-home fathers. Why are we seeing more stay-at-home dads? I thought maybe it’s because a man doesn’t make more money than his wife. Many families now take earning (赚钱) power into consideration when deciding which parent will stay home.
At that point, one of the members expressed his opinion, “It should be the better parent who stays at home”. A lot of guys say things like that. I was a stay-at-home father for eight years, so what he said made me excited. It showed that our family’s choice could only have been correct if I was a “better” parent than my wife.
I suppose an argument could have been made that when I began staying home my wife was the “better” parent: She had spent more tune with our son, could read him better and calm him more quickly. And if he had a choice, he’d have picked her over me. But as she was the more employable (有人雇佣的) one, my wife went out to work and I looked after our son.
Because of the increased time I spent with him, I soon knew him well, understood what he needed and could look after him more or less as my wife could. Actually, the experience helped me unlock one of the world’s great secrets: Women are good at looking after the children because they do it. It’s not because of a mother’s instinct (本能)—which I think is mostly learned anyway. It’s because they put in the time and attention required to become good at the job.
Women are able to give birth and nurse, but over the long term experience is more important. When I got the experience myself, I was good, too. As good? I don’t know. Who cares? Children are not made of glass. Other people are able to look after them besides Mom.
1. Which of the following does the first paragraph (自然段) tell us?| A．Men are no longer given the chance to stay at home as they used to. |
| B．In some families the wives are earning more than their husbands. |
| C．The writer is telling the readers that he works in the TV station. |
| D．There are more stay-at-home fathers than stay-at-home mothers. |
| A．the writer thought he made more money than his wife |
| B．the writer didn’t think he could be a good parent |
| C．the writer thought he should go out for a job |
| D．the writer thought he could look after their son, too |
| A．it was easier for his wife to find a job | B．he thought he was the better father |
| C．their son liked him a little bit better | D．he was earning more than his wife did |
| A．they spend more time doing it | B．they love children and enjoy it |
| C．they were born with the ability | D．they have learned it at school |
| A．He is better than his wife at taking care of children. |
| B．He isn’t as good as his wife at taking care of children. |
| C．Either fathers or mothers can take care of children. |
| D．Both fathers and mothers cannot take care of children. |
【推荐2】Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight en route from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Sign Language?”
Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed.
Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia（诵读困难症）and knew she’d be able to finger spell into the man’s palm. So she unfastened her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she signed, “How are you? Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.
“I could just feel it when he reached out for me,” said Clara. So for the next hour, that’s what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future（she wants to be a politician）. Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. “Even though he couldn’t see her, she looked attentively at his face with such kindness,” a passenger said.
“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Tim was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such an angel.”
Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”
1. What can we infer from the passage?| A．Cook was nervous when he was talking to Clara. |
| B．Clara studied ASL for many years because of her illness. |
| C．Clara was staying with Cook all the time during the flight. |
| D．The attendants found it difficult to communicate with Cook. |
| A．Cook was hopeless and needed help. |
| B．Cook was lonely and desired to talk. |
| C．Cook was upset and wanted to give up. |
| D．Cook was confused and couldn’t understand her. |
| A．Because he had a pleasant talk with Clara. |
| B．Because the flight service was satisfying. |
| C．Because the passengers thought he was kind. |
| D．Because the attendants took good care of him. |
| A．Active and funny. | B．Brave and clever. |
| C．Helpful and gentle. | D．Determined and positive. |
Jimmy likes it very much. He plays with it every day and he often makes a terrible noise (令人讨厌的声音). His father works in the day and Jimmy is in bed when he gets home in the evening. So his father doesn’t hear the noise.
But Mrs Black doesn’t like the noise, so one morning she takes a knife and goes to Jimmy’s room when he hits his drum. She says to him, “Hello! Jimmy. Do you know there is something very nice in your drum? Here is a knife. Please open the drum and let’s find it.”
1. What does Jimmy get on his birthday?
| A．He gets only one present from his family. |
| B．He gets a lot of presents. |
| C．He gets a knife and a drum. |
| D．He gets a drum from Mrs Black. |
| A．His mother. |
| B．His father. |
| C．His father’s friend. |
| D．His grandfather. |
| A．He hits his drum with his grandfather. |
| B．He watches TV with Mrs Black. |
| C．He sleeps in bed. |
| D．He does his homework with his grandfather. |
| A．敲击 | B．拿着 | C．知道 | D．看见 |
| A．Because she likes Jimmy’s drum. |
| B．Because she knows there is something in the drum. |
| C．Because she doesn’t like the noise. |
| D．Because she wants to know what is in the drum. |
