1 . Recently, many people think it’s risky to use credit (信用) card numbers online. However, from time to time, we all use passwords and ID numbers on the Internet. We think we are safe, but that may not be true! A new kind of attack (攻击) is being used by dishonest people to steal IDs and credit card numbers from web surfers. This new kind of attack is called “phishing”.
Phishing sounds the same as the word “fishing”, and it means that a thief is trying to trick people into giving away valuable information. Like real fishermen, phishers use bait (诱饵) in the form of great online deals or services. For example, phishers might use false emails and websites to trick people into revealing (透露) credit card numbers, account usernames, and passwords. They imitate (模仿) well-known banks, online sellers, and credit card companies. Successful phishers may make as many as 5% of the people believe and give away their personal information.
It’s really a big problem! Actually, tricking 5% of the online population is huge. Now more than 4.6 billion people have access (进入权) to the Internet, and 75% of those Internet users live in the wealthiest countries on Earth. It has been reported that phishers send more than 40 billion false messages each year. Even by tricking only 5% of the people, phishers can make a lot of money.
Amy, 18, from California, received an email. A man told Amy that she could get a million dollars in her account as a reward if she sent a thousand dollars to him. Amy did as the man said at once. The “thief” used Amy’s Social Security number to get credit cards in her name and transferred her money.
How can people avoid being cheated online? Above all, they have to learn to recognize the email that has been sent by a phisher. Always be careful with any email with urgent (紧急的) requests for personal information. Phishers typically write upsetting or exciting, but false, statements in their emails so that people will reply right away. Never give out personal information to phishers. And if an offer sounds too good to be true, it is.
1. Phishing is compared to ________ according to the passage.| A．making money | B．playing games | C．catching fish | D．writing emails |
| A．Giving examples. | B．Listing numbers. | C．Raising questions. | D．Using sayings. |
transfer v. (transferred, transferring)
①to move from one place, school, job etc to another
②to connect the call of someone to someone else’s
③to move money from one account to another
④to change from one bus, plane etc to another
| A．① | B．② | C．③ | D．④ |
| A．help to catch phishers | B．reply to urgent emails |
| C．pay by credit card | D．protect ourselves online |
2 . Sleepwalking is a behavior (行为) during deep sleep and results (结果) in walking.
Sleepwalking is usually more than just walking. A person may sit up in bed and look around, walk around the room or house, leave the house or even drive a long way.
Sleepwalking for grow-ups is common (普遍的), and is usually not as a result of any health problems. But it’s more common for children to sleepwalk, especially those between the ages of three and seven, and also the children who experience (经历) bed-wetting and nightmares (噩梦).
Other symptoms (症状):
Sleepwalking.
Little or no memory of the activities.
Difficult to wake the sleepwalker.
1. What is sleepwalking?| A．It’s a kind of sleep. | B．It’s a way to walk. |
| C．It’s walking during sleep. | D．It’s a nightmare. |
| A．A man who is unhealthy. | B．A man who often drives a long way. |
| C．A two-year-old baby. | D．A child who gets nightmares sometimes. |
| A．Sitting up in bed and looking around during the sleep. |
| B．Walking around in the house during the sleep. |
| C．Leaving where they live during the sleep. |
| D．Remembering what they do during the sleep. |
| A．病人 | B．成年人 | C．健忘者 | D．步行爱好者 |
| A．What Do People Do When They Sleepwalk? |
| B．Who May Sleepwalk? |
| C．Why Do People Sleepwalk? |
| D．What Do You Know About Sleepwalking? |
3 . Every living thing needs to reproduce. Reproducing means creating more members of your group. In order for plants to reproduce, they have to spread their seeds (种子) to other areas. Plants have developed all kinds of ways to do this.
The simplest way is gravity. Many seeds are inside of fruit. When a piece of fruit gets too heavy, it falls from a tree to the ground. Sometimes animals will pick up the fruit and drop it in another area. That helps move the seed even farther away. Apples spread this way.
Other plants use wind to spread their seeds. Dandelions are a good example of this. Dandelion seeds are so light that when wind blows, it carries dandelion seeds to new places. Maple (枫树) seeds also use wind. Their seeds are connected with long, thin leaves that look like wings. When the seed falls from the tree, its “wings” help it fly farther from the tree.
Some animals help plants spread their seeds. The animals eat the seeds. While the seed is in the animal’s body, it stays whole. When the seed leaves the animal, it’s in a new place.
Ants also help spread seeds. Some seeds have a special smell that attracts ants. The ants bring the seeds back to their home, which of course is underground. They only eat part of the seed. They leave the rest of the seed underground. After that, the seed can start growing.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. What does the word “gravity” mean in the second paragraph？
| A．The action that makes animals drop seeds. |
| B．The help that moves seeds even farther away. |
| C．The need that comes from animals and plants. |
| D．The force that causes fruit to fall to the ground. |
| A．They use ants. | B．They use wind. |
| C．They use smells. | D．They use animals. |
a. They only eat part of the seed.
b. They help seeds fall from the tree.
c. They carry seeds to the underground home.
d. They pick up the fruit and move it far away.
e. They leave the rest of the seed underground.
| A．b, d, e | B．a, b, d | C．a, c, e | D．b, c, d |
| A．Nature. | B．Culture. | C．Education. | D．Technology. |
| A．How Plants Spread Seeds? | B．Why Animals Pick Up Seeds? |
| C．How Wind Helps Seeds Spread? | D．Why Seeds Have a Special Trip? |
4 . Street dance is an energetic and exciting type of dance. It started with people dancing in the street rather than in studio（练功房）.
Break dancing and the Melbourne Shuffle are two examples of street dance. Many of the hip-pop dances are popular street dance. Even rave dancing is a type of street dance. Street dance changes and improves all the time as people try different moves. It is a form of dancing that boys really enjoy.
A school in Britain has seen how street dance has helped its pupils. They introduced it as a subject at school. Dance teachers went to the school to teach the students how to perform. The dances were rehearsed at lunch breaks and after school. Many of the students were from homes with many problems. The students also used to behave badly. When the street dance classes started, it seemed to solve many of these problems. The students felt that they could express their feelings in dancing. If they were angry, they could do some of the dance moves and throw away those feelings. If they were angry at something, dancing helped them to be more peaceful. Another good thing was that the students felt better about themselves.
The students focused on other subjects more. They got better grades. Taking part in the street dance also taught the students to work better with others. They needed discipline（纪律）to come to practice and to learn the dance steps. They entered a dance competition and won! This was very good for them. The younger students began following them. They are active role models.
Today bands have formed that combine（结合）singing with street dance. Street dance is becoming a popular culture.
1. How many types of street dance are mentioned?| A．2. | B．3. | C．4. | D．5. |
| A．it helped the pupils with problems | B．dance teachers liked it |
| C．students could achieve their dreams | D．the school was asked to do so |
| A．取消 | B．排练 | C．欢迎 | D．承认 |
| A．Street dance first started in a studio. |
| B．Street dances are all the same. |
| C．Students in Britain are only interested in street dance. |
| D．People can sing while doing dance moves now. |
| A．the types of street dance | B．the history of street dance |
| C．the ways and time of performing street dance | D．the development and advantages of street dance |
5 . What will our life be like in 50 years? No one knows the answer exactly (确切地), but we are sure that it will be very different from the life today. My brother Jim Green makes some predictions. Here are some of his ideas.
First, people will have less work to do, and robots will do most work. People will use robots to make cars, do the housework, look after sick people and teach students. People will spend most of their time playing sports and traveling. So people will become stronger and healthier, and they will live to be about 200 years old.
Second, cars will become very small and computers will control (控制) their speed. So there will be fewer accidents on the road. Planes will be very popular and most people would like to take them to travel.
Third, people will be able to live in the sea, on the moon or on Mars. The earth won’t be crowded or noisy. So there will be more space for people to plant trees. There will be less pollution, and the air will become much fresher.
Finally, water shortage will become one of the most serious problems. If people don’t save water now, there will be water wars in 50 years.
1. Jim Green thinks that in 50 years robots will help people do the following things EXCEPT(除了) ________.| A．look after sick people | B．drive cars |
| C．teach students | D．do the housework |
| A．by bike | B．by plane | C．by train | D．by car |
| A．every family will have a car |
| B．people won’t need to work |
| C．computers will control the cars’ speed |
| D．the earth will become crowded and noisy |
| A．短缺 | B．丰富 | C．清澈 | D．浑浊 |
| A．the schools | B．the cars | C．the robots | D．the life |
6 . ①Walk or drive to work? Which way is lower in carbon（碳）? To be friendly to the environment, you may choose to walk. Have you ever tried to live a low-carbon life through your diet（日常饮食）?
②A new study from the University of Oxford has looked into the health and environmental influences of 15 foods common in western diets. Among these, plant-based（基于植物的）foods included fruits, vegetables, nuts and potatoes. It also studied animal-based foods, including red meat, chicken, milk products, eggs and fish.
③According to the study’s lead researcher, Michael Clark, “Choosing better and greener diets is one of the main ways people can improve their health and protect the environment.” That is to say, plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment.
④To get this result, researchers compared the influence of eating another portion（一份）of each food with the increased risk of a few illnesses. They also find out the environmental harm for each animal-based food and each plant-based food.
⑤By using this method, the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment. Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane（甲烷）that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2. As well as making the earth warmer, eating too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses, such as heart trouble.
⑥Plant-based diets can give us the same health benefits in a much greener way. According to the study, without eating or using meat and milk products, global farmland use could be cut down by more than 75% and still feed the world.
⑦Speaking to the Guardian, Tim Benton of Chatham House said, “If we can give people reasonable official advice of what a healthy and green diet is, the world and its people would be in a much better place.”
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。
1. Which one is animal-based food?
| A．Milk products. | B．Fruits. | C．Potatoes. | D．Vegetables. |
| A．Many people choose to walk to work. | B．Plant-based diets are healthier and greener. |
| C．The more we eat, the better the environment is. | D．15 foods common in western diets are not healthy. |
| A．The harm of CO2. | B．The risk of heart trouble. |
| C．A reason for keeping animals. | D．Two disadvantages of red meats. |
| A．问题 | B．方式 | C．益处 | D．状况 |
| A．Teaching farmers to plant vegetables correctly. | B．Offering doctors new methods to treat patients. |
| C．Guiding people to lose weight by doing exercise. | D．Giving official advice on health and environment. |
7 . Can you sing or dance? Can you ride a unicycle（独轮车）? Do magic tricks? Drink a glass of milk in ten seconds? Recite poems from memory? Well, you’ve got talent, my friend! And what better time to show it off than at the school talent show!
Middle school talent shows in the US happen every year. Whatever you’ re good at, you have five minutes to show the world. It’s early in the school year and kids can become little celebrities（明星）. The shy boy who spends his evenings practicing Spanish guitar will surprise his classmates with beautiful music. The sporty girl on the soccer team will wow（使惊叹）the crowd with her sweet singing voice. Everyone has a chance to shine.
Almost anyone can do almost anything in a talent show. As long as your act isn’t rude or illegal（不合法的）, it’s a “go”.
On the day of the show, all the students sit in the school gym, ready to cheer for the skills（技能）of their classmates.
Many of today’s stars started their careers（事业）in school talent shows—Madonna, Britney Spears and Justin Timberlake all showed their skills early in life. Though you’re not Justin Bieber, you can become a star in your own right at your middle school talent show.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about the school talent show in the US?| A．It happens at the beginning of every term. | B．A student has five minutes on stage. |
| C．Shy boys and quiet girls don’t like it. | D．There are many competitions. |
| A．Talent. | B．Magic. | C．Memory. | D．Skill. |
| A．you are a new student | B．you can’t play the guitar very well |
| C．your act is against the law | D．you don’t have a funny act |
| A．many of today’s stars also took part in school talent shows |
| B．not everyone can take part in the talent show |
| C．you can’t be as famous as Justin Bieber |
| D．the talent show is the first step for all stars |
| A．American students’ talent. | B．Students’ surprising changes. |
| C．Stars’ early careers. | D．American middle school talent shows. |
8 . Do you know the movie I, Robot? It tells us a story about the future. The year is 2035 and robots are just as common as mobile phones. People depend on their robots to do lots of things, for example, babysitting, cooking, doing chores and taking their dogs for a walk. Robots have to obey (听从) human’s orders, because their designers make them do so. A police officer called Spooner hates robots. He doesn’t think humans can get on well with their robots at all! But the scientist Susan has different opinions. Susan works on robots’ mind and she thinks one day robots will become more powerful (强大的) than humans and help humans to make progress (进步).
When Spooner and Susan work together, they find that something is wrong with the world’s robots. A few robots have their own thoughts and they’re trying to get out of humans’ control (控制)! Of course these robots’ dream doesn’t come true. Humans work hard to control their robots again and they succeed at last.
1. The story will happen (发生) in ________.| A．2010 | B．2020 | C．2035 | D．2040 |
| A．依靠 | B．悬挂 | C．相信 | D．取决于 |
| A．scientist, professor | B．bank clerk; police officer |
| C．policeman; doctor | D．police officer; scientist |
| A．robots can’t get on well with humans |
| B．robots will help human to make progress |
| C．robots will have their own thoughts |
| D．robots will control the world |
| A．The movie I, Robot talks about the future. |
| B．People use their robots to do everything. |
| C．A few robots want to get out of human’s control. |
| D．At last humans succeed in controlling the robots again. |
9 . Go, commonly known in China as weiqi. is a board game for two players.To win, one player must use black or white playing pieces, named stones, to surround （包围） more areas.
The game was invented in China more than 2，500 years ago.It's one of the four Chinese traditional fine arts, along with playing guqin, writing and painting, so it owns a wide fan base in China.Now it is also popular in other parts of the world.
In Germany.the Berlin Go Association （协会） has worked together with the China Cultural Center to host The China Cup, which sees about 50 to 100 players each year.As the cooperation（合作） between China and Germany deepens, many Go training courses are offered.and sometimes professional players from China are invited to give talks to German Go lovers.
Andreas Urban, the chairman（主席） of Berlin Go Association, discovered a book on Go accidentally. "I tried to understand the rules, but I couldn't." said Urban.Schreiber, the vice chairman, was introduced to the game 16 years ago by a classmate. "The first time I played Go.I even couldn't understand the rules, " he said.But both of them found the game more and more interesting after practice. "I advise children to learn Go.They can learn that there is always someone stronger and it's OK to lose.They can also learn how to improve from their mistakes and say tomorrow will be better than today," said Schreiber.
To the experienced players, Go can be very addictive（使人入迷的）, as it is not just for fun, but also has a deeper cultural ground.When two players meet on the Go board, they follow the same rules, but may carry completely different methods.One of the best ways to improve is to play against someone who's stronger, as well as from different cultural backgrounds.This kind of cross﹣cultural communication helps the development of Go.
1. What does Paragraph One mainly tell us?| A．The basic rules of playing Go. |
| B．The materials from which Go is made. |
| C．The useful skills of playing Go. |
| D．The number of players a Go team has. |
| A．Once a year. |
| B．Twice a year. |
| C．Three times a year. |
| D．Four times a year. |
| A．it's easy for children to play it well |
| B．few children can face failure bravely |
| C．children can learn a lot from playing it |
| D．it's the best way to win for their country |
| A．They found it difficult to learn Go. |
| B．They learned Go by accident at first. |
| C．They learned Go from their classmates. |
| D．They didn't know Go rules well at first. |
| A．Go is one of the four traditional fine arts in Germany. |
| B．Players can't carry the same method when playing Go. |
| C．Cross﹣cultural communication plays a part in Go development. |
| D．Playing with stronger players is the best way to improve yourself. |
Everybody has a brain, but not many people know how the brain works. Some people believe that the brain is like the hard disk of a computer. We use it to store files—pictures, language (words, texts, sounds) and so on. Others compare the brain to a huge cupboard with lots of shelves and boxes in it. We put information into these boxes and hope to find it again later.
The brain is not A computer disk, And it isn’t a cupboard. Look at the picture here. It looks a bit like weeds（杂草）in a garden, doesn’t it? The picture actually shows a child’s neocortex—a part of the brain that controls sight and hearing. You can guess what happens—more “weeds” grow as the child gets older. Scientists call these neuronal（神经元的）networks. The networks grow around our neurons. -What makes them grow? Learning! “Learning is brain change,” says Professor James Zull from Case Western University in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. “Without learning, nothing changes in the brain. For every new word you learn in your English lesson, every problem you solve in maths, every new song you learn to sing, a neuronal network grows in your brain and the brain changes.”
The more neuronal networks we grow, the better we can think and the better we remember. You may wonder if there is anything you can do to make the networks in your brain grow better. Professor Zull says yes, there is. He says that brain change is strongest when a) you are interested in and like what you are learning, b) you are in control of what you learn and c) you get challenging tasks that make you think hard. Understanding a challenging task makes you feel good and develops your brain.
1. What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?| A．The brain—a fantastic computer. | B．What people believe about the brain. |
| C．How to make your brain stronger. | D．Our brain—a growing system. |
| A．Learning makes our neuronal networks grow. | B．Seeing a challenging task develops our brain. |
| C．We remember better when things are easy. | D．There’s nothing we can do to make us smarter. |
| A．Interest is the best teacher | B．Meeting life’s challenges |
| C．Never too late to learn | D．Learning is brain change |
