Customs on Eating
Food in China and western countries is different. China has about 5,000 years’ history. They may spend half of their time on food. Chinese people choose food very carefully. They only use fresh materials（新鲜的材料）to make food. For example, they only eat fresh fish. Chinese have a lot of ideas for cooking. They can cook a chicken in over ten ways. That’s why Chinese food is so popular around the world. Western countries, like England or America, don’t have fresh food because they buy their food from supermarkets which only sell stored materials (储存的材料). Western people also prefer fast food like hamburgers and chips. They are unhealthy for man’s body. Western people do not have many skills for cooking, mostly they only boil, steam (蒸) and bake the food. By the way, western people are very good at making desserts and chocolate. They can make very good cakes and chocolate. These food are very sweet and they can make you become fat quickly.
In China, the person who invites other people for meal would pay for the meal, but it’s not the same way in western countries. In western countries, people will think you only invite them but don’t need to pay for them. They can afford it. They won’t be happy if you pay for them. In western countries like America or England, people will always give tips (小费) to the waiter after they finish the meal in a restaurant. If you don’t, the waiter will not be happy. In China this only happens in some top restaurants and hotels in large cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.
Another difference in eating is that: Chinese people use chopsticks and western people use knives and forks.
Chinese people only have three meals during a day. But western people may have more. They usually have afternoon tea when they would have fruit, cakes or biscuits with cheese (奶酪饼干).
根据短文内容, 回答问题。
1. Do Chinese people use fresh materials or stored materials to make food?
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Why is Chinese food so popular in the world?
_________________________________________________________________________
3. What kinds of foods are western people good at making?
_________________________________________________________________________
4. Will western people be happy if you pay for them?
_________________________________________________________________________
5. How many meals do Chinese people have during a day?
_________________________________________________________________________
2 . We live in a society that is producing and using electronics(电子产品) all the time. What happy to your computers, MP3 players and cell phones when they’re broken or you want a new one?
Most people just throw them away. In 2016, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of electronic waste (e-waste,电子垃圾) and only recycled 6.5 million tons, according to the United Nations last month. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China ranked second, with 6 million tons.
(A)It’s important to pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful, depending on how we treat it.
To help reduce e-waste, the first thing we can do is to buy longer lasting electronic equipment. If you have unwanted electronic such as aging toys or cell phones, find a new home for them by giving them to charities. （B）You can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs. Apple, for example, now offers people a discount(折扣) in China if they hand in their used devices when buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell (C)them at lower prices.
1. 根据短文内容回答问题。Which country produced most e-waste in 2016?
2. 将（A）处画线句子翻译成汉语。
3. 将（B）处画线句子进行同义句转换。(每空一词)
You can also take computers and phones to the producers to see if they offer recycling programs.
Computers and phones can
4. 写出（C）出画线单词“them”指代
5. 针对如何减少电子垃圾，请你用英语再给出一条建议。
Stop Smoking Now——We Can Help!
In most US cities and towns, there are local organizations to help people stop smoking. One of the most popular and successful organizations is California Smokers’Helpline.Here is a page from one of their leaflets(传单).
When you really want a cigarette(香烟)——try the three Ds:
1. Delay: Look at your watch and wait for a couple of minutes. If you can wait two minutes, you won't want to smoke.
2. Drink something: If you drink water or some other drinks, you will reduce the need to have something in your mouth.
3. Deep breathing（呼吸）: Take a deep and slow breath. Count to five when your lungs are full. Then breathe out slowly. Repeat several times.
And here are some ideas from Florida Anti—smoking Club to help people to give up smoking:
1. Make a plan: Make a list of friends who smoke and places where you smoke. Don't see those people and don't go to those places!
2. Keep busy: Instead of smoking, make a phone call, take a short walk, or talk with a friend.
3. Develop new interests: Exercise—walking, biking, jogging, swimming or taking a music class——helps you to forget about cigarettes.
Set a date and act at once to give up smoking for your own good.
Passage Outline（概要） | Supporting Details | |
Organizations to help stop smoking | There are local organizations to help stop smoking.Among them are California Smoker’s Helpline and Florida Anti—smoking | |
Ds to help stop smoking | Delay your action.Delay for more than two minutes,and you'll probably give up the desire to smoke. Deep breathing. Take a deep breath slowly, count to five, and then breathe out. | |
Make a plan to avoid meeting the friends who smoke and don't go to the places where you smoke. Keep Develop your interests to help you forget about cigarettes. | ||
Advice to smokers | For your own good, you 'd' better set a date and |
It seems that a family just isn’t complete (完整的) without a pet. But if pets aren’t suitable to a family’s lifestyle or environment, they can quickly lead to problems such as stress or arguments (争执). To save yourself and your family such problems, treat this decision seriously.
When choosing a pet, people must consider the family’s health. Many people are allergic (过敏的) to cats and dogs. Perhaps a dog or cat with short hair will be fine. And a dog might not be the best choice for a child who is naughty (顽皮的) because the dog might bite him or her. Some people can also have problems with certain pets. It’s a good idea to spend a little time with the pet around each member of the family before making your decision.
Consider the quality of life of the pet, too. If a pet is used to having space to run around, it can quickly develop psychological (心理的) problems when it is kept in a small flat all day. If pets are allowed to run about in areas with lots of traffic, they can meet an early end. Cats shouldn’t be brought into homes that already have large dogs because they won’t be able to get along well with each other.
The decision as to what kind of pet to choose is very important. If you find the right one to suit (适合) everyone in the family and their lifestyle, then it’s time to choose one. Remember that your decision is important because it can have effects that last for many years.
| Considerations When Choosing a Pet | |
| Paragraph Outline (要点) | Supporting Details |
| Importance of choosing a pet | ●A ●Pets can bring some problems if they aren’t suitable to the family. |
| The family’s health must be considered | ●Many people are allergic to pets with ●It’s not ●Some people have problems with some pets. |
| The pet’s quality of life | ●You shouldn’t ●Make sure the areas where pets can run about do not have a lot of traffic. ●If your house already has a dog, don’t get a cat. |
| Choose the right | ●Find the right one for your family because your choice can have lasting effects. |
Critical thinking is about thinking better. Training your critical thinking skills can open up a door to the better world. But the journey of being a person with critical thinking is difficult.
Train your questioning skills.
Asking questions is perhaps the key act of critical thinking. If you don’t know what questions to ask, you may as well not get the answer. Finding the answer is what critical thinking is all about.
Think several steps ahead.
Think several steps ahead. Once the problem you are working on may begin, use your imagination to guess what the possible futures will be.
Spare at least 30 minutes a day to improve your brain function.
Spend 30 minutes in your busy day making your brain more powerful. There are a few ways that you can do:
●Try to be active in finding the solution to be a problem a day.
●Find the time to exercise regularly.
●Eating the right kinds of foods is to keep your brain in good health.
Critical Thinking It is not | |
| Ways to Improve Your Critical Thinking | Think critically by asking questions and finding |
| Spend-30 minutes a day training your brain function. ●Try to ● Do regular exercise every day. ●Eat right kinds of foods to keep your brain | |
| As long as you keep practicing, you can improve your critical thinking a lot. | |
What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves? Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner, or a car full of passengers who are reading, listening to music or even sleeping. But none of them are worried about the road ahead.
Well, all of this could be the future of driving. There are several companies, including Google, working on driverless cars. So far, no Google self-driven cars have gotten a traffic ticket (罚单), but some of them have been in accidents when other cars hit them.
These cars are now still in the testing stages (阶段). But, if the tests are successful, these electric self-driven cars could be put into use very soon.
The cars are so special that they can take the place of drivers during certain situations. They are able to park themselves, or slow down when they notice objects close by. They can also control the speed if there is danger.
Scientists and engineers believe, with the help of wireless signals (无线信号) , cameras and GPS, creating a safe self-driven car might be possible. The cause of deadly (致死的) road accidents is usually careless drivers or bad conditions. The self-driven car may be able to prevent these. However, some people don’t like the idea. American lawyer White Drake does not believe these cars are safe. He thinks that technologies can also be mistakes.
Self-driven cars | |
| Future of driving | An empty car can drive |
| Situation | They are in the |
| Qualities | They can park themselves, slow down and |
| Different ideas | Scientists think they can prevent road |
In China, writing brushes, ink sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of Study. The writing brush in Huzhou, the ink (墨水) stick in Huizhou, the xuan paper in Xuancheng and the ink stone in Duanxi are the most famous.
The writing brushes are used to draw the pictures on painted potteries (陶器). They are mostly made of the fur of animals. Tools made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel’s (鼬) tail hair are called langhao.
The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty announced to give them the family name “Li”. From then on, the fame (声誉) of the Li Ink Sticks spread widely. In the Song Dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, and it was then called the Hui ink Stick.
Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuan paper appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In Nuanzhou, it’s said that Cai Lun’s pupil Kong Dan happened to see the ebony (檀木) in the rivers. It was turned white in water. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the world-famous xuan paper.
The ink stone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. In Ming and Qing dynasties, Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration.
| The | |
| The writing brushes | They are used to draw the pictures and mostly |
| The ink stick | Two famous skilled men were In the Song Dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou. |
| Paper | The famous xuan paper appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties. Kong Dan used the |
| The ink stone | In Ming and Qing dynasties, ink Stone can not only |
Studying makes you tired. How to deal with the worries and relax yourself? Here is some advice which may add happiness to your life.
Rest on weekends
Weekends are time for a rest. After a week’s hard work, weekends are the best time for you to relax yourself. Having a nice sleep is a good idea, because good sleep makes sure of your study.
Cry out
If you feel sad, don’t try to hide your feelings. Crying out may help reduce your sadness.
Keep a diary
You can write down all that you want to say. That’s a great way to think about and remember life. You can do it on paper or on computers.
Enjoy a big meal
It’s not a good idea for a kid to lose weight, so you don’t need to eat less food. When you feel upset, enjoy a big meal. Eating delicious food will make you feel good.
Join in activities
Having a get-together is great fun. Going out with friends for a trip will make you happy. And it will also bring you a good sleep.
| Rest on weekends | A good |
| Cry out | |
| Keep a dairy | Write down all that you want to say on paper or on |
| Enjoy a big meal | Enjoy delicious food will make you feel good. |
| Join in activities | Having a party or going |
Honesty is valuable in the world. There are five qualities (特征) of honest people.
Honest people have no interest in competition for popularity. They don’t pay too much attention to what others think of them.
Honest people don’t go looking for fights, but they aren’t afraid to speak their mind. Honest people will express their opinions bravely even when their beliefs (信念) are against other people. While sometimes this may cause some trouble, most people respect honesty and admire those who stick to their beliefs.
Honest people don’t get angry easily. It requires a thick skin (不计较面子) to stay honest. Not all people love to hear the truth. When honest people tell the truth, other people may get angry. Honest people may be hurt by them so that they need to have thick skin.
Honest people often have long, deep friendships. Their friends know that they won’t discuss them behind their back, and will instead deal with problems in a direct way. This allows for deeper, healthier relationships.
We can ask honest people for help and advice. They will not tell us the story that we want to hear. Although it may help avoid bad feelings, sometimes the difficult truth is the only thing we really need to know.
| Five qualities of honest people | |
| Honest people don’t compete in order to be | They don’t care too much about others’ opinions of them. |
| Honest people stick to their beliefs. | Although honest people don’t ask for trouble, they are brave enough to tell others their opinions. They are respected and |
| Honest people don’t get angry easily. | They need to have thick skin to protect them from being hurt by people who are not happy about hearing the |
| Honest people have close friends. | Their friends understand that they deal with problems |
| Honest people are always helpful. | Honest people can offer help and advice to us, |
“Internet addiction (瘾)” was once used to describe young people who spent too much time watching videos or playing games online. But today, an increasing number of the old are becoming victims (受害者).
According to a report on the Internet use of China’s elderly people last year, 38.6% of people aged 60 or over were Internet users. And some surveyed elderly people spent at least 10 hours on the Internet every day.
Phone overuse could lead to the higher risk of many diseases like cervical spondylosis (颈推病). Besides health problems, elderly people’s phone addiction also brings family problems. For example, their adult children often get upset when they stay up late playing with the phone or shop online blindly.
Why do old people depend heavily on mobile phones? It’s because they have lots of spare time and they wish to communicate with others.
Though it’s natural for the elderly to meet their spiritual needs through the smart phone, they should limit their time on the Internet and get regular rest at night. Adult children should go home more often to talk with their parents and reduce their sense of loneliness and encourage them to do healthy activities.
1. What’s the main idea of this text?2. How long did elderly people spend on the Internet every day according to the report?
3. What problems could phone overuse lead to ?
4. Why do old people depend heavily on mobile phones?
5. What can we do to help the elderly in our families to have a healthier life?
