1 . 根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。

Confucius, also known as 孔子 (Kǒngzǐ) in Chinese, was a pioneer in the field of education. Born in 551 B.C. in the Lu state of China, he was a philosopher (哲学家), thinker, and educator who wrote plenty of wise ideas about human nature and behavior. Confucius was known for his wise sayings, which have widely influenced people from various countries. One such famous saying, “He who learns but does not think is lost; he who thinks but does not learn is in danger,” tells us the importance of learning and thinking.

In conclusion, Confucius’ teachings continue to inspire and shape the way we think about education and society. His ideas about kindness, good manners, and behavior have left a lasting effect on generations to come. As we continue to face new challenges and opportunities, the wisdom of Confucius remains a valuable source of guidance and inspiration.

A Pioneer in the Field of     1    , Confucius
His date of birth	He was     2     in the year 551 B.C
The achievements as a great philosopher, thinker, and educator	Many wise ideas were     3     about human nature and behavior.
	His wise sayings have had a     4     influence on many people in different countries.
The idea of one of his famous sayings	It’s     5     for us to learn and think.

3 . People have been using the wind’s energy for a long, long time. More than 5, 000 years ago, ancient Egyptians made boats powered by the wind. In 200 B.C. , people used windmills (风车) in China.

Today, we collect the wind’s energy with wind turbines (涡轮). A turbine is similar to a windmill; it is a very tall tower with two or three blades (叶片) at the top. These blades are turned by the wind. The blades turn a generator (发电机) located inside the tower, which creates power.

Groups of wind turbines are known as wind farms. Wind farms can be found near farmland, in narrow mountain passes, and even in the ocean, where there are stronger winds. Wind farms create power for nearby homes, schools and other buildings.

In places like the Midwest and along coasts, winds can provide cheap power. Another great advantage of wind power is that it is a clean form of energy. Wind turbines do not burn oil or coal and do not pollute the air.

Wind is not always an ideal source of energy, however. Wind speed changes from time to time, depending on the time of day, weather and location. Wind turbines can be also dangerous for bats and birds. These animals cannot always tell how fast the blades are moving and crash into them.

阅读短文，填表格，每空一词。

Title:     1     energy
Ancient times	People in Egypt made wind-powered boats     2     5 000 years ago. People in China used windmills in 200 B.C.
Modern times	It is     3     with turbines, which are tall windmill-like towers with two or three blades at the top and a generator inside The wind turns the blades and the blades turn the generator to create power.
Advantages	Winds produce power at a low     4     in certain area. Wind turbines do not cause air pollution.
Disadvantages	Wind speed does not remain at the same     5     all the time. Wind turbines can be dangerous for animals like bats and birds.

4 . Ant Forest has been given the UN’s highest environment award—Champions of the Earth. The award was set up in 2005 to recognize (表彰) excellent people or organizations that have had a good influence on the environment.

Ant Forest encourages people to have greener lifestyles to protect the environment better. You are encouraged to record your low-carbon footprint through daily lives like taking the public transport or paying for electricity, heat and water online. For each action, you receive “green energy” points. When you reach a certain number of points, a real tree will be planted. And you can see pictures of your trees in real time by satellite.

Ant Forest has turned people’s green good actions into real trees. Since its beginning in 2016, Ant Forest has planted around 122 million trees. The trees cover an area of 112, 000 hectares in some of China’s driest areas and have prevented more than 7 million tons of carbon emissions (碳排放) from entering the atmosphere (大气层).

“Ant Forest shows how technology can change our world,” says Inger Andersen, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Program. “Although the environment problems we face are discouraging (令人沮丧的), we have the technology and the knowledge to overcome them. The green activities will help create a better world.”

根据短文内容，请用完整句子回答下列问题。
1. What’s the purpose of Ant Forest?
___________________________________________________________
2. What will happen when people get a certain number of “green energy” points ?
___________________________________________________________
3. When was Ant Forest created?
___________________________________________________________
4. Where can the trees planted by Ant Forest be found ?
___________________________________________________________
5. What does Inger Anderson think can help us overcome environment problems?
___________________________________________________________

5 . 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在空格处填入一个最恰当的单词，每空一词。

Enriching (使丰富) your life means making an effort to make your life as meaningful and happy as possible. It can help people experience new things, gain knowledge, and enjoy the present life. But how to realize it? Here are some suggestions.

Learn to forgive others. If you often hate other people around you, then you won’t live a wonderful life. So learn to move forward and accept nobody is perfect and that everyone makes mistakes. If someone has really hurt you and feel it difficult to accept that person’s apology, then be honest about it. Don’t pretend that you’re okay and then go on complaining. This won’t get you very far.

Volunteer to help others. It will not only be good for the people around you, but also make you able to connect with different people who can influence your life positively (积极地). You can work in a homeless shelter or help do the cleaning in your neighbourhood.

Try to be less wasteful. Trying to be not wasteful can help you become thankful and really enjoy the world around you more. You can use paper instead of plastic whenever you can. Don’t use too many products that can’t be used again. Go somewhere on foot or by bike, and try not to drive a car. All these ideas make you less wasteful.

Get along well with your friends and family. No matter how busy you are, you should develop a habit of spending time with your loved ones and letting them know how much they mean to you. You can write thank-you cards to your friends and family members or call up your parents or grandparents regularly. If you’re not living in the same place, then often tell yourself to call just to say “hi”.

Title: How to Enrich Your Life
Suggestions	Supporting details
Learn to forgive others	* Accept the fact that nobody is perfect. * Don’t be dishonest about it if you really have difficulty     1     others’ apologies.
Volunteer to help others	* Be good for the people around you. * Connect yourself with someone who can have a     2     influence on your life.
Try to be less wasteful	* Thank and enjoy the world around you. *    3     using products that can’t be reused. * Go somewhere on foot or by bike     4     of driving.
Get along well with others	* Stay with you loved ones and let them know how much they mean to you. * Keep in touch with them by writing “thank-you” cards or     5     regular phone calls.

6 . As Chinese traditions go, few things are better than sitting around a hotpot while autumn and winter come over North China. Studies show that Kublai Khan, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), invented mutton hotpot.

For a long time, only Beijing’s rich people could get their hands on mutton hotpot. Emperor Qianlong (1711-1799) was a true hotpot lover, eating the dish more than 200 times in 1789.

Among the vegetables and meat spread out on the dinner table, mutton has been placed front and center. Many people believe mutton has the effect (效果) of warming the body, making it an ideal food for the colder months. Sheep are also generally fattened up after a summer of eating, making them perfect for meat lovers through the winter.

The Chinese capital is home to more than 2,000 mutton hotpot restaurants, according to the food platform Dazhong Dianping. There are well-known hotpot brands such as Jubaoyuan, Manfulou, Yangdaye, Nanmen and Donglaishun.

Today, many mutton hotpot restaurants divide the meat into many kinds according to which part of a sheep it is cut from. An experienced cook can cut the meat so thin that people can read the words of a book through the piece of the meat.

In the old days, restaurants in the capital only started serving mutton hotpot from Mid-Autumn Festival (the 15th day of the eighth lunar month). Business often stopped after Spring Festival. Restaurant workers would have to find a new job after Dragon Boat Festival (the fifth day of the fifth lunar month), when business came to an end. Nowadays, however, people can enjoy the mutton hotpot all year round with technological development in mutton production across the country.

阅读短文，根据短文内容用完整句子回答问题。
1. Who was supposed to be the inventor of mutton hotpot?
_______________________________________________________________
2. How can we tell Emperor Qianlong was a true hotpot lover?
_______________________________________________________________
3. What things are also provided besides mutton when people enjoy mutton hotpot?
_______________________________________________________________
4. How many famous hotpot brands are mentioned in the passage?
_______________________________________________________________
5. Why would restaurant workers have to find a new job after Dragon Boat Festival in the old days?
_______________________________________________________________

7 . 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。

Did you know that years have their own colors? Pantone Color Institute is an organization that gives companies advice about color. And every year, it picks one that represents trends(趋势) in international culture.

This year, Pantone’s color is a bright shade of green that it calls “greenery”. Greenery makes people think of nature and growth. The color represents hope of changing one’s life for the better or care for the environment.

Red, orange and yellow are considered “warm” colors while blue, green and purple are “cool”. But greenery has elements(元素) of both; it’s green, but it also includes a lot of yellow. This makes it able to go well with many other colors.

Pantone’s researchers start choosing the color of the year about nine months before the year begins. They look for a color that is already being used more and more often. To decide the color of the year, they look beyond fashion and home decorating. They study art, movies and lots of other things. They pick one color they expect to stay popular and announce their choice in December for the following year.

You’re likely to see greenery a lot. When you do, let it encourage you to enjoy nature and start something new.

Title: Greenery, the Color of the     1
Who picked the color?	An organization     2     Pan-tone Color Institute.
What is the color like?	It includes both green and yellow, so it goes     3     with many other colors. It represents hope of changing for a better life or care for the environment.
4     is the color chosen?	Pantone’s researchers start choosing it early each year. They look for a color that is already getting more and more popular. They do a lot of research in different areas before they make the     5    .

8 . In ancient times, people usually wrote from right to left in vertical columns(竖列). But now, we write from left to right in horizontal (横行). Why did this change? (A)This has to do with the writing tools and habits that people had at that time.

Before paper was created, people wrote on bamboos. They wrote from top to bottom on one piece and then another. These bamboos were connected together into one long passage and rolled up. People usually held it with their right hand and opened it with their left hand. Therefore, it is more convenient to start writing from the right-hand side.

In 1917, linguist(语言学家) Qian Xuantong wrote a letter to the New Culture Movement leader Chen Duxiu. He suggested writing Chinese from left to right. He said that if we used our right hands to write, it would be easier to begin from the left and more comfortable to read. (B)然而，他的想法并没有被广泛接受.

In the early 1950s, famous overseas Chinese businessman Chen Jiageng and Chinese writer Guo Moruo raised this advice again. They thought that the area seen from left to right was much wider than the area seen from up to down. In this way, writing and reading sideways will reduce eye fatigue(疲劳).

Gradually, newspapers, magazines and books were printed in horizontal rows. And people began writing from left to right instead of writing from right to left. Now people have been used to writing from left to right in rows.

1. 将划线部分(A)句译为汉语。________________________
2. Before paper was invented, people wrote on _______________ from top to bottom.
3. 将划线部分(B)句译为英语。__________________________________
4. Who first suggested writing Chinese from left to right?
_____________________________________________________
5. Which is the best title of the passage?

A．The habits and tools of writing in the ancient times.

B．The changing of writing from ancient times to the present.

C．The history of writing from left to right in horizontal.

D．The reason of writing from vertical columns to horizontal.

9 . 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。

People from different countries greet each other differently. Read this article to learn more about the greeting customs in different cultures, and make sure you greet people in the right way next time.

France

French people greet each other with a handshake, but close friends kiss each other on both cheeks(脸颊) when they meet. They do this when they first meet and before they leave each other.

South Korea

In South Korea, it is a sign of respect for people to bow when greeting each other. A bow is followed by a handshake. In shaking someone’s hand, it is polite to support the right forearm(前臂) with the left hand. However, South Korean women do not shake hands with western men; instead, they bow slightly(轻微地).

Brazil

Kissing on the cheek is a common way of greeting in Brazil. But in a formal situation, a handshake is often done to show respect. Men should shake hands before and after meeting, and once they have known each other well, a light hug is often given.

Ghana

In a social situation, it’s polite to greet everyone in the room in Ghana. A handshake is used in greeting, and the palm(手掌) must directly touch the palm of the other. It’s considered impolite to touch the back of the hand.

Greeting customs in different cultures
1	People greet each other with a handshake or by kissing each other on     2     cheeks if they are close friends.
South Korea	To show respect, Koreans greet people by     3     to each other first and then shaking hands. South Korean women do not shake hands with western men; instead, they bow slightly.
Brazil	The common way of greeting in Brazil is kissing on the cheek. In a formal situation, a handshake is often done to show     4    . Alight hug is often given once men have known each other well.
Ghana	A handshake is used in greeting in Ghana, but do remember not to touch the back of the     5    .

10 . Cars powered by gasoline were sold for many years before hybrid vehicles that use gasoline, electricity, and solar energy. Car companies are now making cars that are fully powered by electricity only. How do these electric cars measure up to(符合标准)traditional gasoline cars?

Electric and gasoline vehicles look similar on the outside. They have very different parts under their hoods, though. Electric cars have one main moving part: the motor. But gas cars literally have hundreds of parts, often requiring frequent maintenance(保养). Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.

Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate. It costs about＄1.00 to travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear contrast to a gas car, which costs about＄1.25 to go 18 miles. Basically, an electric car can go twice as far as a gas car for the same price.

Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment, too.

While some details make electric cars seem attractive, other details aren’t as favorable. For example, some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge(充电). Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank.

An electric car has to stop more often to get recharged. Therefore, a gas car would be a better option(选择) if you have far to drive. And electric cars aren’t as convenient(方便) to power up as gas cars are. There are plenty of gas stations, but not many charging stations for electric cars. Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.

There are certainly benefits to both electric cars and gasoline cars. It’s good to know that there is an option.

Electric cars VS Gasoline cars
Introduction	With the appearance of electric cars, people wonder whether electric cars can achieve the     1     standards as gasoline cars.
Similarity	Electric cars and gasoline cars look similar on the outside.
2	Electric cars 1. Having fewer parts reduces the cost of their maintenance and the possibility of having mechanical problems. 2.     3     with gasoline cars, electric cars are more energy-saving, making them cheaper to operate. 3. Having no tailpipe emissions, they are more environmentally friendly. 4. It takes more time for electric cars to get charged. Gasoline cars 1.Gas cars can cover a     4     distance on a full tank than electric cars on a full charge. 2.Gas cars are more convenient to power up.
Conclusion	Both electric cars and gasoline cars have their own benefits, which provides people with a       5    .