1 . There are many ways to help improve your health like eating healthy food. Taking exercise and getting medical help. But the easiest and cheapest way to improve your health is just to sleep eight hours or more every night. The general sleeping rule is that the younger you are, the longer sleep you need. But regardless of(不管)age, some people need to sleep more while for some a few hours is enough.
The problem with sleep is that more and more people in the world are not sleeping enough. According to the World Health Organization over half the people in the world may be sleep-deprived. Having less sleep not only makes people feel tired but also causes accidents. In the United States alone, sleepy drivers cause at least 100,000 traffic accidents a year. Also sleep problems can cause medical problems such as high blood pressure(血压).
Why are so many people sleep-deprived? Part of the reasons may be cultural. In the American culture, people put a higher value on work than on sleep. In fact, peopele who sleep a lot are usuallv seen as “lazy”. Also, you can sometimes hear some people say proudly that they don’t have much time to sleep. they only sleep four or five hours a night. It seems that the less you sleep, the more work you’ll do.
How do we teach these people to learn the value of sleep? Perhaps they may listen to the advice of Dr. James Maas an expert (专家) in sleep. He says , “Sleep is like a credit (信用卡) card. When you sleep less. you are only borrowing time. You always have to pay it back. The morehours you don’t sleep, the more hours you should t sleep to ‘pay back’ the hours on your ‘sleepcredit card.’”
For those who value work more than sleep, they should listen to what a famous person once said. “Don’t think you will be doing less work because you sleep during the night. That is a foolish(愚蠢的) idea which is held by people who have no imagination. You will be able to do more.”
1. According to the writer, the easiest and cheapest way to improve health is to .| A．eat healthy food every day |
| B．take excrcisc as much as possible |
| C．get medical help whenever necessary |
| D．sleep eight hours or more every night |
| A．Having a good sleep. | B．Excited about sleep. |
| C．Having less sleep. | D．Interested in sleep. |
| A．An hour. | B．A report. |
| C．A credit card. | D．A piece of paper. |
| A．Sleeping during the night is foolish. |
| B．Sleeping during the night is helpful. |
| C．People have no courage. |
| D．People always do less work. |
| A．The Value of Sleep |
| B．The Value of Study |
| C．The Ways of Eating Less |
| D．The Ways of Making Money |
2 . Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert (沙漠) elephants in Mali, a country in West Africa. Now, there are fewer than four hundred.
Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants’ main lake, their only water source (来源), dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans.
To protect the elephants’ living environment, the Mali Elephant Project (MEP) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland.
However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching (偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three elephants were lost in 2015 alone, and another fifty-one elephant were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2020,” said a member of MEP.
Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations (组织) have joined together to educate the local people that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to a very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world.
1. MEP was started to ________.| A．raise more elephants in Mali | B．stop the main lake from drying up |
| C．discover water source for elephants | D．protect the elephants’ living environment |
| A．公平的 | B．亏损的 | C．非法的 | D．合理的 |
| A．in 2012 | B．in 2015 | C．in 2016 | D．in 2020 |
| A．the number of organizations has dropped | B．there is much less elephant poaching now |
| C．the local people keep the elephants at home | D．the whole world live peacefully with elephants |
| A．the rules of using land and water | B．the education of the local people |
| C．the work of Mali Elephant Project | D．the situation of Gourma Desert elephants |
It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities. Activity 1: Water Relay (接力赛) Tools ● Two large buckets (水桶) to hold water ● One small bucket for each team member Instructions ● Fill one large bucket with water. ● Make holes in the bottom of the small buckets. ● Have the team members line up between the two large buckets. ● Pass the water from one large bucket to the other, using small buckets. Try to keep as much water as possible. Why It’s Fun ● It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible. ● It’s water. Isn’t it fun to get you wet on a hot summer day?  Activity 2: Truth and Lie This activity will allow team members to learn about each other. Instructions ● Have each team member think of three pieces of information about themselves, and one of them is a lie. ● Each team member tells the group all the three pieces of information. Let the other team members guess which is the lie. Why It’s Fun ● Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so. ● Members can learn about each other. ● Members will be surprised at what others think of them. |
| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three. | D．Four. |
| A．One large bucket for each member. |
| B．Two large buckets for each member. |
| C．One small bucket for each member and two large buckets. |
| D．Two small buckets for each member and one large bucket. |
| A．get themselves wet |
| B．lose as little water as possible |
| C．pass the water as slowly as possible |
| D．pass the large bucket to the other team |
| A．talk about themselves | B．share love with each other |
| C．tell lies to surprise others | D．learn all the information about others |
| A．a science book | B．a travel guide |
| C．a news website | D．a school magazine |
4 . Teenagers who spend more than six hours online on school days are more likely to be lonely and skip school, according to an international study.
The study examined the home Internet use, well-being (幸福) and behavior of 296,000 15-year-olds in 41 countries. More than one in four spent more than four hours per day online outside of school. The study found lower levels of well-being among students who spent six hours per day online. They were twice as likely as teenagers spending one and two hours per day online to report that they felt lonely at school. These “extreme Internet users” were also especially at the risk of “behaving in problematic ways at school, such as arriving late or skipping class.”
The report said, “Lower levels of engagement (亲密关系) with school may be connected to less sense of belonging at school. It is also possible that skipping class and arriving late for school are the consequence of lack of sleep among extreme Internet users.” It adds, “Parents, school and health professionals can work together to watch and plan children's use of new media.”
The study also found that countries that invest (投资) heavily in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in schools have seen no “considerable” difference in 15-year-old’s achievement in reading, math or science tests. The study results suggest “limited” use of computers at school “may be better” than not using them at all. However, students who use computers “very frequently” at school “do a lot worse in most learning outcomes”. The report says, “In the end, technology can strengthen great teaching, but great technology cannot replace poor teaching.”
1. The international study showed that __________.| A．half of the students spent six hours online every day |
| B．extreme Internet users had lower levels of well-being |
| C．most of the students were late for school after extreme Internet use |
| D．teenagers spent much time online when they felt lonely |
| A．Result. | B．Excuse. | C．Reason. | D．Evidence. |
| A．Schools should invest more in ICT. |
| B．Proper use of computers is helpful at school. |
| C．Technology sometimes leads to poor teaching. |
| D．Computer users perform well in math at school. |
| A．An engineering textbook. | B．A personal diary. |
| C．A science news report. | D．A computer book. |
5 . Many people (人们) like to travel (旅行) by plane, but I don’t like it because an airport (飞机场) is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and wait for (等待) hours for the plane to take off (起飞) and it is often late. You can’t open the windows. You can’t choose (选择) the food. Planes are fast, but they still take hours to go out of the airport and into the city.
I like traveling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually in cities. When you are late (晚的) for a train, you can catch another one. You can walk around in the train and open the windows. You can see many interesting things on your way. I know it takes a little more time.
I also like cars. You can start your journey (旅行) when you want to, and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also you can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.
1. Why do many people like to travel by plane?| A．Because it’s fast. | B．Because it’s safe. |
| C．Because it’s cheap. | D．Because you can walk around in the plane. |
| A．It is safe. | B．It takes a little more time. |
| C．You can open the windows. | D．You can walk around in the train. |
| A．A bus | B．A car. | C．A train. | D．A bike. |
| A．You needn’t go to a station. | B．You can start your journey when you want to. |
| C．There are too many cars on the road. | D．You needn’t go to a bus stop. |
| A．He thinks it takes a lot of time to go to and get out of the airport. |
| B．He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time. |
| C．He likes to take a car because he has a car. |
| D．He likes to take a plane because it’s fast. |
6 . American people like to say “Thank you” when others help them or say something kind to them. People in many countries do so, too. It is a very good habit.
You should say “Thank you” when someone passes you the salt on the table, when someone walking ahead of you keeps the door open for you, when someone says you have done your work well, or you have bought a nice thing, or your city is very beautiful. “Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters.
“Excuse me” is another short sentence they use. When you hear someone say so behind you, you know that someone wants to walk past you without touching you. It's not polite to break others when they are talking. If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first, and then begin talking. You should also do so when you begin to cough or make any noise before others.
Let's learn to say “Thank you” and “Excuse me”.
1. You should say “Thank you” when ________ .| A．you say something kind to others | B．you help others |
| C．someone helps you | D．you want others to help you |
| A．used in the world | B．used more often than “Excuse me” |
| C．used only by Americans | D．used only between friends |
| A．cough | B．make some noise | C．go first | D．all of the above |
| A．Thank you | B．That's very kind of you | C．Excuse me | D．I'm sorry |
| A．to be happy | B．to be polite | C．to help others | D．to learn from Americans |
7 . The summer vacation is coming. During the vacation, you can do what you like and prepare yourself well for the future. You'll enjoy your summer vacation with the help of the following suggestions.
▲Take exercise. After studying hard for months, you must be bored and tired. Taking exercise is the best way to get energy again. Swimming and walking are perfect choices for you. All kinds of exercise are good for your health.
▲Master some basic life skills. You will live an independent life one day. Therefore, you should learn some necessary and useful basic life skills such as washing clothes and cooking. At the same time, you should help your parents with housework to express thanks to them.
▲Go travelling. The world is a book. Those who don't travel only read one page. Travelling is so interesting. Have you made your own plan? If not, do it at once. During the trip, you will have a chance to get more knowledge. While learning about different cultures and customs, you will also make a lot of friends.
▲Enjoy the time with family members. Family members play an important role in your life. They give you love, care and support all the time. Don't forget to spare some time together with them. You will find it great to stay with them, talking about dreams, hobbies or anything you like.
As long as you follow the suggestions mentioned above, you will have a wonderful vacation.
1. How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage?| A．Three. | B．Four. | C．Five. | D．Six. |
| A．Swimming. | B．Walking. | C．Taking exercise. | D．Rum |
| A．Because we will live an independent life one day. |
| B．Because we like to share housework with our family. |
| C．Because we don't want to express our thanks. |
| D．Because doing housework is difficult for us. |
| A．He thinks it's tiring. | B．He thinks it's interesting. |
| C．He thinks it's terrible. | D．He thinks it's boring. |
| A．the suggestions about basic life skills | B．the suggestions about taking exercise |
| C．the suggestions about summer vacation | D．the suggestions about travelling |
Have you ever had lucid（清醒的）dreams? Recent studies suggest that the number of people having them is on the rise. Someone having a lucid dream realizes they are dreaming and may from then on"direct" the action. Or they may simply "watch" the dream unfold.The sense of awareness（知道）makes it different from a dream that is simply very lively and true to life. And although the description may seem strange, the process is far from alien to many of us.
Studies suggest that the number of people in the Western world experiencing lucid dreams, which happen once in a while, has risen by between 10 and 40 per cent since the 1980s. Today, they are so common that about one in eight of us will have one in our lives. But still, little is known about what causes them or what is behind the rise.
Research carried out at the respected Harvard University in the US shows that the brain is working hard during lucid dreams. In fact，the level of the mental（精神的）activity in some parts of the brain is similar to that of a person who is awake. Lucid dreamers seem to share certain personal characters. For example, in general they are quite creative. They are also good at digging deep into problems and going out of their way to solve them. Furthermore,they always believe in personal responsibility rather than letting society carry the can.
Our nightmares（噩梦）may show our waking worries，with the five most common ones——falling, being run after, feeling disabled, being late and the death of a loved one.Men are more likely to have nightmares about fights or being fired while hair and tooth loss appear more in women's nightmares---perhaps showing worries about losing their looks. Research has also found that women have more nightmares than men. Their dreams are also scarier and more unforgettable.
1. What do we know about lucid dreams according to Paragraph 1?| A．We know nothing about their process. |
| B．Fewer people are having them now. |
| C．They are just common lively dreams. |
| D．They may be directed by the dreamers. |
| A．The cause of lucid dreams remains a mystery. |
| B．The brain is inactive during lucid dreams. |
| C．Most western people have had lucid dreams. |
| D．Lucid dreamers have nothing in common. |
| A．By listing numbers. | B．By giving reasons. |
| C．By providing examples. | D．By making comparisons |
| A．Fights. | B．Being fired. | C．Feeling disabled. | D．Hair loss |
| A．A news report. | B．A science magazine. | C．A story book. | D．A sports poster. |
9 . Part of Earth's beauty comes from its oceans. Ocean scientists study the chemical make-up of the ocean, weather patterns, the geography of the ocean floor, and many other areas. Their work is exciting, although sometimes dangerous. Using technology to do certain tasks helps. For example, robotic arms are used for very dangerous tasks.
One basic part of ocean study is understanding waves and how they work. Wind is the great maker of waves. The waves we know are mostly produced by winds blowing over the sea. They are directly connected with the wind speed and the time that wind lasts.
Sometimes ocean life can be seen in the wave. Living things seem to be staying within the wave, moving slowly inside it as if they were weightless. Besides the beauty of waves, scientists are interested in their technical ways. The diagram of waves shows how scientists examine waves. Waves are measured (测量) from the top (crest) to the bottom (trough). This allows scientists to find out the height of a wave. They also measure waves from crest to crest to determine (测定) the length of a wave.
During serious storms, huge waves might cut a sea ship apart. Ships are at great risk of winding up as broken pieces after being hit by the force of a huge wave. By understanding the ocean, scientists can prevent this breakup of ships by predicting when the water will be too dangerous for people and their ships. The study of waves and the ocean also allows scientists to make sure how certain beaches were formed. By studying the oceans, a great deal can be learned about the surface we live on.
1. Why are robotic arms used? Because ________.| A．certain tasks are very dangerous | B．the tasks are exciting |
| C．the oceans are beautiful | D．there are many studying areas |
| A．Waves can make wind. | B．Most waves are produced by winds. |
| C．Scientists make most waves. | D．Waves have nothing to do with wind. |
| A．The beauty of huge waves. |
| B．The technical way to study the sea. |
| C．The distance from crest to crest of a wave. |
| D．The distance from the top to the bottom of a wave. |
① Scientists can decide the weather patterns.
②We can't find living things in the waves.
③By studying the ocean, scientists can prevent the breakup of ships.
④The study of waves helps scientists know how certain beaches were formed.
| A．①③ | B．②④ | C．③④ | D．②③ |
| A．A diary entry. | B．A fairy tale. | C．A travel guide. | D．A science magazine. |
10 . What will astronauts（宇航员）eat when a space trip takes years?
“Lots of fresh vegetables,” says Dr. Janet Williams, whose team have spent the last 10 years learning how to grow plants in a space station. And it’s a good thing that she has already started her work, because space gardening can be really hard.
As usual, astronaut George White looked into the closed plant room. He had planted Dr. Williams’s quick-growing seedlings in it, but none of the stems were showing. He opened the room to check and found the problem. The stems weren’t growing upward and the roots weren't growing downward. On Earth, gravity（重力）helps a plant’s stems and roots to find “up”and “down”. However, in the space station, there was almost no gravity.
Dr. Williams suggested a solution: give the plants more light, as plants also use sunlight to find their way. And it worked. When the plants had more light, the stems turned up and the roots went down.
Now Dr. Williams was free to worry about the next problem:Would her baby plants live to flower? Can we grow food on a space journey?
Many plants died in the space station. Dr. Williams thought she knew why: the space plants were hungry for air. Plants live by taking up CO2 from the air. Since a plant uses it up in the air around, the plant needs moving air to bring more CO2 close to its surface! On Earth, the air is always moving. Gravity pulls down cold air, and warm air rises. And with these air movements, plants get enough CO2.
Many earlier experiments with plants in space had used closed rooms.Dr. Williams tried a new greenhouse that had a fan to keep the air move. The plants loved it. They flowered and even produced more seeds. Using Dr. Williams's method, astronaut George completed the first seed-to-seed experiment in space, and moved one plant closer to a garden in space.
“And this,” says Dr.Williams, “is good news for long-term space travel.”
1. Why have Dr. Williams’s team tried to grow plants in space?| A．To produce fresh air for astronauts. |
| B．To help astronauts relax themselves. |
| C．To provide food for long space journeys. |
| D．To make the space garden more beautiful. |
| A．It caused the gravity to change. |
| B．It encouraged the plants to grow faster. |
| C．It helped the plants to grow in the right direction. |
| D．It showed the astronauts where to plant vegetables. |
| A．The light was too strong. |
| B．There was too much CO2. |
| C．There was not enough room to grow. |
| D．The air condition was not good enough. |
| A．the moving air | B．the closed room | C．the space journey | D．the space garden |
| A．They mainly live on fresh vegetables. |
| B．They have successfully built a space garden. |
| C．They invented a special fan for their greenhouse. |
| D．They have worked on space gardening for many years. |
