1 . When you think of the Arctic (北极), you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now”, CNN says, “It’s the Arctic’s turn.”
German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists found 1800 pieces of microplastics per liter of (每升) snow.
How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic? According to scientists, “It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in.
Are they bad for us? Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What’s more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk.
Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier research has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way. They start in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea, where they are eaten by sea animals. If people then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well.
1. We can learn from Paragraph 1 that________.| A．the Arctic is the last really clean place left on earth |
| B．the Arctic is an icy land of pure white snow |
| C．the Arctic is a beautiful icy land with clean air |
| D． the Arctic has been polluted by plastic rubbish |
| A．增加 | B．捐献 | C．造成 | D．是……原因之一 |
| A．From water. | B．From air. | C．From wind. | D．From food. |
| A．We may breathe microplastics in Arctic. |
| B．Microplastics may cause lung cancer. |
| C．We don’t have to mind microplastics right now. |
| D． Microplastics have hurt ecosystems. |
| A．By advising us to drink clean water. |
| B．By asking people not to eat sea animals. |
| C．By telling the seriousness of plastic pollution. |
| D．By showing the beauty of Arctic. |
2 . Bi Sheng was born in Song Dynasty. He lived in a small village which lies in Huanggang today.He invented the printing around 600 AD (公元)。He was the world’s first inventor of the printing. It is about 400 years earlier than the printing in Germany.
The printing is also called the movable type printing (活字印刷).But how did it work in the past?
First of all, the clay was made into movable types. Then words were engraved (雕刻) carefully onto the types. After that the words were chosen and put in right order in a box according to the text. Next, the workers brushed ink onto the movable types. Finally the types could be used for printing. They could be used again and again for different books.
The movable type printing plays an important role in Chinese culture. With the help of it, Chinese culture spread around the world more quickly. At the same time, the movable type printing was widely used in the world at that time. As a result, more and more culture communication among countries took place.
The movable type printing, the compass (指南针)，gun powder and the paper-making are called four great inventions of China. They make China own an important and even top position in the history of human civilization (文明).
1. When was the movable type printing invented?| A．About 600 years ago. | B．Around 600 AD. | C．Before Song Dynasty. | D．About 400 years ago. |
| A．Brush ink onto the types. | B．Make the clay into movable types. |
| C．Print by using the types. | D．Engrave words onto the types. |
| A．Three. | B．Four. | C．Five. | D．Six. |
| A．the compass | B．gun-powder | C．the paper making | D．the movable type printing |
| A．Four great inventions and their position in the history of human civilization. |
| B．Bi Sheng invented the movable type printing after trying many times. |
| C．The movable type printing and the importance for the culture communication. |
| D．How Bi Sheng invented the movable type printing in Song Dynasty. |
3 . Good advice can help people make better decisions(决定). When someone asks you for advice, you should take it seriously and try your best to give good advice. Sometimes you should remember what your mother taught you: if you don't have anything nice to say, don't say anything at all, because bad advice may have terrible results. There are some ways for you to give advice.
☆Listen to the person asking you for advice. Every situation(情况) is special, so never think you know all about a problem. Listen to the person who wants advice, and learn as much as possible about the situation.
☆Put yourself in others' shoes. Think about what you will do if you are in the same situation. Don't just depend on(依赖) your experiences to give advice.
☆Think about the results of taking and not taking your advice. When possible, think twice about all the possible results. This is more important for really difficult problems.
☆Understand that the person may not take your advice. Someone asks for your advice, but he or she may not take it. When you give advice, the idea is to give someone the tools( 方法) to make their own decision, not make the decision for them. The person knows more about the situation than you do, so your advice may not be the best. Don't be surprised when a person doesn't take your advice. Live with it, and let the person live with his or her decision.
☆Don't be afraid to let the person know that you don't have anything to say if you are not able to give any advice. Take some time to think about it. You may share your thoughts later.
1. When a person asks you for advice, you should ________.| A．try to give good advice | B．say nothing at all |
| C．ask your mom for advice | D．tell the bad results |
| A．Because we should learn from other people. |
| B．Because the person has something nice to tell us. |
| C．Because we need to know about the special situation. |
| D．Because the person will feel much more comfortable. |
| A．削足适履 | B．设身处地 | C．助人为乐 | D．以身作则 |
| A．you will have to try harder | B．you shouldn't be surprised |
| C．you can make better decisions | D．you can shout at them angrily |
| A．How to give advice. | B．How to take others’ advice. |
| C．How to ask for advice. | D．How to solve difficult problems. |
Have you ever seen a solar panel（太阳能电池板）in your neighborhood? Solar panels take energy from the sun and turn it into electricity. Over the past ten years, the price of solar panels has gone down greatly. In many parts of the world, solar energy is now the cheapest form of electricity. More and more people have started using solar energy to power（给……供电）their homes.
However, solar panels also have their problems. They stop working at night and on rainy days. Is it possible to make them produce electricity all of the time?
Scientists at Suzhou University, China, have invented a new solar panel now. It can produce electricity not only from solar energy but also from falling rain. When a raindrop falls on the solar panel and then rolls（滚动）down, it creates friction（摩擦力）on the surface of the panel, which can then be turned into electricity.
Sun Baoquan is one of the inventors. “Our new invention can produce electricity in any weather during the day,” he says. “It can even provide electricity at night if there is rain.”
The solar panel, however, does not make much electricity from falling rain. So Sun Baoquan is still working hard to improve it. The scientist also wants to make solar panels more flexible, which are as soft as clothing.
The field of solar energy is developing fast. Scientists around the world have been improving solar panels. Some have been working on ways to join solar panels and wind power together. Some have been trying to use sunlight to produce liquid and gas fuels（液体和气体燃料）.
1. Which energy is now the cheapest form of electricity in many parts of the world?| A．Solar energy. | B．Water energy. | C．Wind energy. |
| A．The price of them is rising. |
| B．They can’t work all of the time. |
| C．They can hardly power people’s homes. |
| A．It has a larger size than a common one. |
| B．It produces more electricity from falling rain than solar energy. |
| C．It can produce electricity day and night and even in rainy conditions. |
| A．柔软的 | B．光滑的 | C．坚硬的 |
| A．there is no room for developing solar energy |
| B．there is no end to the research in the field of solar energy |
| C．solar energy has completely taken the place of other kinds of energy |
5 . Kids’ birthday party are more fun than adults’(成年人的) parties. You don’t have to be serious. And there are a few things for parents to remember when they want to have one for their kids.
Make a list(清单). Each kid wants different kinds of parties. Write down all your child’s ideas on a piece of paper and then get things ready according to(根据) the list.
Make invitations. Make sure you won’t have the party at the same time as your child’s soccer game. Make sure you write down the name of each guest, so you will know the number of the things you have to prepare, such as chairs and plates.
Buy something. If you go to a party store, they will have everything you need, and you won’t have to go to different stores to get everything ready.
You need to decide whether(是否) to buy a cake or make one. Decide what kind of food to have. Make sure to get the food ready on time.
You could have some drinks, such as Coke and juice. Having a small bottle of cold water is a good idea, too, especially(尤其) during hot weather.
1. If you don’t want to forget to do things for the party, you should________.| A．invite everyone | B．make a list |
| C．buy many things | D．plan the party food |
| A．They want to enjoy both the game and the party. | B．All the children want to go to the party better. |
| C．More children will come to enjoy the party. | D．Fewer children will come to enjoy the party. |
| A．A party store. | B．A supermarket. |
| C．A restaurant. | D．A shop next to your house. |
| A．plan party drinks | B．invite guests |
| C．plan party food | D．plan party games |
| A．Why to organize a birthday party for kids. | B．When to organize a birthday party for kids. |
| C．How to organize a birthday party for kids. | D．Preparing a birthday party for kids is much easier. |
6 . Sore necks are very common these days. How to avoid a sore neck? Here are the things you should know.
●Take precautions (预防措施 ) after an unusual activily. Many people report having a pain in their necks after doing something that they don’t often do, such as a new exercise or packing and moving.
lf you know you’ve done something that puts you a risk, massage(按摩)your neck , do it with different exercises and take a warm bath before bed.
●Make sure your workstation is correct. If you work long hours at a desk you may want to make sure that your work environment is set up to be the most relaxing. Make sure that your body is being treated right.
Keep your feet on the floor. This will often depend on how high your chair is, so adjust(调整) it in time to achieve good results.
●Change your posture often. Sitting in one position for long periods of time is nor healthy. Sit with your back straight for most of the rime. Take a 5-minute break if you can and walk around every hour.
●Exercise. Find something — swimming, running or climbing — that makes you excited and feel alive. Make it into a usual way. Your body will feel better and your mind will feel more relaxed.
1. In Paragraph 5, the underlined word “it”refers to(指) .| A．the desk | B．the chair | C．your neck | D．yourbody |
| A．姿势 | B．方向 | C．方式 | D．状态 |
| A．Making your work environment be quiet |
| B．Sitting with back straight for a moment |
| C．Packing and moving for a long time |
| D．Exercising often like swimming or running |
| A．doing it with differeni exercises | B．massaging your neck |
| C．taking a warm bath before bed | D．looking at your phone for too long |
| A．how to do exercise well | B．exercising often is good for people |
| C．how to avoid a sore neck | D．being healthy is the most important |
7 . All over the world, people enjoy sports. Sports are good for people’s health. Many people like to watch others play games. They buy tickets or turn on their TV sets or may be online to watch.
Sports change with the seasons. People play different games in different seasons. Sometimes they play inside the room. Sometimes they play outside. We can find sports here and there. Some sports are rather interesting and people everywhere like them. Football, for example, is very popular in the world. People from different countries cannot understand each other, but after a game they often become very friendly to each other.
1. Sports are good for ________.| A．the players | B．people’s health |
| C．the coaches | D．people who like sports |
| A．buy tickets to watch the games | B．watch the games on TV |
| C．watch the games on the Internet | D．A, B and C |
| A．the same game | B．different games |
| C．any games | D．all kinds of games |
| A．Table tennis | B．Baseball | C．Football | D．Skating |
| A．people from different countries all | B．people from the same country |
| C．people who do the same sports | D．after a game, people from different countries |
8 . A tornado（龙卷风）is a kind of strong storm with air which moves in a circle quickly. They can move over 200 miles per hour and cause a lot of damage（损坏）. As they move across the land, they can easily pick up cars, trucks, and even houses, and then throw them very far. It is important to find a safe place if a tornado gets close.
A safe place could be a basement（地下室）or the lowest floor. If you are in a home without a basement, try to find a first-floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house. You should curl up（蜷缩）into a ball and cover your head and neck with your hands.
But there are some people who actually want to get close to tornadoes. They are scientists who want to learn more about tornadoes. One of the best ways to do this is to get as close as possible to the tornado. They use special tools to measure （测量） what is happening in and around a tornado.
One special tool is called a tornado probe（探测仪）. Inside the tornado probe, there are sensors（传感器）to measure wind speed, temperature, pressure, and direction. Some probes even have cameras, so the scientists can see and understand what it’s like to be in a tornado.
To be able to get these measurements, the scientists have to get a tornado probe near or into a tornado. Scientists will try to guess where a tornado will go next. Then they drive to that location and put down the probe. If they do not guess correctly, they pick up their probe and try another place. If they are right, the tornado will go near or even right over the probe. Then they take all of the measurements from the probe and use them to predict where future tornadoes may form（形成）and travel. And they can give people some warning to keep away from a dangerous tornado.
1. If a tornado gets close, what should people do to keep safe?| A．Go to a basement. | B．Find a small room. |
| C．Stay in a bathroom. | D．Curl the legs up. |
| A．Measure wind speed and temperature. | B．Take photos and videos. |
| C．Measure wind temperature and pressure. | D．Measure wind speed and direction. |
| A．They risk their lives studying tornadoes. |
| B．They can easily put the probe in the right place. |
| C．They get close to a tornado to admire it. |
| D．With the help of the measurements, they can prevent the tornado forming. |
| A．what a tornado is |
| B．how dangerous a tornado is |
| C．where a tornado may form and travel |
| D．how scientists do research work on tornadoes |
| A．a novel | B．a storybook | C．a guidebook | D．a science magazine |
To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose customers.
However, according to scientific research, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude（海拔）we can not taste things as well as we do on the ground. Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure（气压）reduces one third of the sensibility（感觉）of our taste buds（味蕾）. So our taste buds become senseless. The sad face, however, is that our noses don’t know it.
All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy（辛辣的）food. Without doing so, the food would be tasteless.
Now there are many researches on this. According to one of them, some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their feelings about food taste.
Though scientists try their best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them.
1. In Paragraph 2, “this problem” means ______.
| A．passengers stay long in the plane |
| B．food on the plane tastes bad |
| C．passengers have no food to eat |
| D．food on the plane is expensive |
| A．Get more customers. | B．Offer more food. |
| C．Improve their food. | D．Reduce the ticket price. |
| A．half | B．one third |
| C．one fourth | D．one fifth |
| A．The volunteers don’t know about food taste. |
| B．The volunteers don’t understand them. |
| C．They can’t find enough volunteers. |
| D．They can’t deal with the special environment successfully. |
| A．Taste of Airplane Food |
| B．Airplane Travel |
| C．Scientific Research on Noses |
| D．The Change in Air Pressure |
10 . Tom and Mike work in a computer company. One day, a customer entered the office. She looked at Mike and Tom, and then she walked to Mike. Mike gave her a warm greeting (问候). Tom was sad and walked away.
“People always choose Mike, I don’t understand.” Tom said.
“It’s the way you communicate (交流)” Mrs. Smith said.
“How can that be?” Tom asked, don’t have a chance (机会) to speak.
“Communicating is more than just speaking. Your body language is important too,” Mrs Smith said.
“Body language?” Tom asked.
“It’s the way you stand and sit. It’s the expression on your face, you never smile and you don’t turn your head towards them.” Mrs Smith said. “Look at Mike. He’s holding his head up. He always smiles and looks friendly. His body language is making people feel comfortable, so they go to ask him for help.” Then Tom improved (改进) his body language. He started to sit up straight and try smiling at people.
1. Where does Mike work?| A．In a hotel. | B．In a bank. | C．In a school. | D．In a computer company. |
| A．Because his boss was strict. | B．Because he didn’t like his job. |
| C．Because he was very hungry. | D．Because the customer didn’t choose him. |
| A．表现 | B．感情 | C．表情 | D．态度 |
| A．never smiles | B．looks friendly |
| C．gets on well with his boss | D．came to the company many years ago |
| A．Tom doesn’t like his customers. |
| B．Tom and Mike never talk with their boss. |
| C．Customers like Mike because he’s very handsome. |
| D．Body language is very important when we communicate with others. |
