2 . Healthy eating doesn’t just mean what you eat, but how you eat. Here is some advice (建议) on healthy eating.

Eat with others. It can help you to see others’ healthy eating habits. If you usually eat with your parents, you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.

Listen to your body. Ask yourself if you are really hungry. Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty—sometimes you are just thirsty, you need no food. Stop eating before you feel full.

Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After you don’t eat for the past ten hours, your body needs food to get you going. You will be cleverer after eating breakfast.

Eat healthy snacks like fruits, yogurt or cheese. We all need snacks sometimes. In fact, it’s a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals. This doesn’t mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal.

Don’t eat dinner late. With our busy life, we always put off (推迟) eating dinner until the last minute. Try to eat dinner at least (至少) 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8~10 hours.

1. The writer gives us ________ pieces of advice on healthy eating.

A．4

B．5

C．6

D．7

2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Snacks are bad for our health.

B．We should keep eating until we are full.

C．Dinner is the most important meal of the day.

D．We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.

3. The underlined word “digest” means “________” in Chinese.

A．消化

B．享用

C．储存

D．循环

4. The passage mainly tells us ________.

A．where to eat

B．how to eat

C．why to eat

D．when to eat

4 . Do you like eating vegetables? We all know that     1     They give our bodies different kinds of vitamins (维生素) and help us grow. But how can they make us healthy?     2    

Here are the answers:

    3     They can help us see better at night.

Do you want to have strong teeth? Eat some beans. Beans have Vitamin K in them. Vitamin K is helpful to our teeth.

Do you like tomatoes? They look nice. Doctors call tomatoes “healthy vegetables”,     4     They also have Vitamin P and it can keep our skin healthy. So it is important to eat some tomatoes.

Don’t forget spinach (菠菜). The spinach leaves have Vitamin A, Vitamin C and Vitamin E. They can make us strong.

So if you want to keep healthy,     5    

A．you can buy all kinds of vegetables at the market.

B．because they can stop some illness.

C．vegetables are good for our health.

D．Which kinds of vegetables should we eat?

E．Eating carrots is helpful to our eyes.

F．remember to eat different kinds of vegetables every day.

G．Some kids don’t like eating vegetables.

5 . 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。

Do you have the problem of “in one ear and out the other”? Can’t hold anything in your memory? Here are some tips on how to deal with the problem.

Take exercise. When you exercise, your body takes in more oxygen. Oxygen makes your brain active.     1    

    2     Tell yourself that you want to learn what you need to remember. If you keep thinking about how bad your memory is, your brain will not be working. Think positive!

Try to be more relaxed.     3     If you want your memory to improve, try to do it.

Good sleeping habits are important.     4     If you don’t have enough sleep, you will be tired and unable to concentrate during the day.

    5     Try to take more vitamins, like B vitamins, especially B6, B12, and folic acid (叶酸). They protect neurons (神经细胞) and make red blood cells with oxygen. These nutrients are in spinach (菠菜) and other dark leafy greens, broccoli, strawberries, melons, black beans and soybeans.

A．Sleep helps your memory.

B．Some foods can also help.

C．Have a positive attitude.

D．It makes brain chemicals more active and helps protect brain cells.

E．Scientists have found that stress makes it difficult for people to concentrate.

6 . Many students get ill easily in autumn.     1     What can we do to keep ourselves healthy? Here are some tips.

Enough healthy food.     2     Some students don’t like to eat breakfast. They make a big mistake. Breakfast is a very important meal in a day. If you want to be healthy, you should eat less fast food. Vegetables and fruit are delicious and healthy. We’d better drink 250ml milk every day.

    3     Doing exercise is another way to make you healthy. So you should do some sports after class. Doing sports can make you strong.

Enough smiles. Smiling is the best way to make you healthy. Try to find the things that can make you laugh and you’ll be happy every day. You should try to be optimistic (乐观的) about life.    4    

Enough time of rest. Don’t stay up! Students usually go to bed at 10 o’clock.    5     There is a famous saying, “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” It tells us enough time of rest is important.

根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。

A．Enough exercise.

B．Having a good eating habit is really important.

C．They have to go to the hospital and may miss a lot of classes.

D．If you want to have a good grade, you must have a good rest.

E．Remember smile is the best medicine to cure (治疗) your illness.

7 . ①Nowadays, people always make up their mind to give up sugar, but they always end up with failure. Why is sugar so powerful, and how can you beat it?

②Many sugar cravings (渴求) come from a blood sugar imbalance (不平衡). When your body takes in sugar, your blood sugar quickly goes up and your body lets insulin (胰岛素) out to lower it to a safer level. But if your blood sugar level is too low, your body will want more food to raise it.

③Some sugar cravings are from your brain as a result of lifestyle. For example, if you are too stressed, you will be thirsty for sugar to cheer yourself up. Besides, poor sleep can also lead to overeating sugar, because you need energy to free yourself from tiredness.

④ Sometimes the cravings come from a habit. Perhaps you watched your parents overeat sugar throughout your childhood. Now you do the same, eating pie, for example, even though you are not hungry at all. Or you may eat sweet food like chocolate or ice-cream to reduce (减少) sadness.

⑤ The key to dealing with sugar cravings is to eat foods that stop too much insulin from being released. Healthy fats and protein (蛋白质) are good choices. Protein helps you feel satisfied, which can cut down hunger.

⑥You may find it is hard to give up sugar totally. But once you start to deal with it, you can beat sugar and have a healthy life.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. Which of the following best shows how blood sugar changes after someone eats something sweet?

A．

B．

C．

D．

2. Why do we develop the bad sugar habit?

A．Because high sugar foods are usually more delicious.

B．Because we like to eat high sugar foods when we are happy.

C．Because we follow the examples of our parents to overeat.

D．Because it’s common for us to feel hungry from time to time.

3. What does the underlined word “released” mean in Chinese?

A．减少

B．释放

C．加快

D．弱化

4. According to the text, we CANNOT reduce sugar cravings by _________.

A．getting enough sleep at night	B．having a high-protein breakfast
C．actively dealing with stress	D．overeating chocolate and ice-cream

5. What’s the structure of the passage?

A．

B．

C．

D．

8 . Chinese people are eating too much salt on average, people in China eat about 10.5 grams(克) of salt each day, much higher than the 6 grams suggested by Chinese Dietary Guidelines(2016).

China now has one of the highest salt intakes(摄入量) in the world. To solve this, China introduced the first salt reduction guide to its food industry on April 18, 2018. The guide calls for(号召) food companies to lower the salt content in their food by improving the way of making food and changing tastes.

The salt we take in usually comes from processed food, which can be easily found on supermarket shelves. For example, a 104-gram bag of Lay’s classic potato chips has about 0.66 grams of salt, about 10% of the suggested daily salt intake! However, unprocessed food, mainly fresh fruits and vegetables contains little. If the guide is followed correctly, the average salt intake will drop by 20% by 2030.

Eating too much salt brings a lot of health problems, especially increasing the risk of high blood pressure. Less salt is important for good health, and there’s no need to worry that food will be less tasty in the future. A study by the Monell Chemical Senses Center found that it’s easy for people to reduce their salt intake. Although you may think your food is not salty enough at first, your taste buds (味蕾) will get used to it and slowly you will feel that your food tastes the same as it did before.

1. From Paragraph 1 and 2, we know that Chinese people ________.

A．eat six grams of salt each day on average

B．take in 75% more salt than is suggested

C．have the highest salt intake in the world

D．have never had their own salt intake guide

2. Who or what is the salt reduction guide introduced to?

A．Chinese people.

B．Food companies.

C．The salt industry.

D．Potato chip makers.

3. What does the underlined word “processed” mean?

A．不新鲜的

B．袋装的

C．加工的

D．久放的

4. If the guide is followed correctly, what will we see?

A．Many people will find the food not tasty.

B．There will be no more processed food.

C．Chinese people will take in less salt than they do now.

D．Chinese people will not get enough salt in the future.

5. What can we know from the last paragraph?

A．The less salt we take in, the better health we will have.

B．High blood pressure is common in China.

C．The reduction of salt does not make food less tasty.

D．Our taste buds like the taste of salt better.

9 . Salted fish is a common food that is popular in the south of China. People enjoy the process of chewing it and it enriches the taste of the dishes. But eating too much salted fish can give you cancer.

Salted fish is produced with a large amount of salt, which later turns into nitrites (亚硝酸盐). When nitrites reach our stomach, they turn into another kind of chemical that can cause cancer.

So does this mean we can’t eat salted fish anymore?

“People don’t need to worry too much. It has to do with how often you eat certain foods and how much of them you eat.” Huang Yufang, an expert said. If you really like eating salted fish, you can eat a small amount once or twice a month. Meanwhile, you should also eat more fruit and vegetables that are rich in vitamin C, as this can help to prevent the formation of nitrites.

In fact, a lot of food is thought to cause cancer, such as pickles (咸菜), areca palm (槟榔), certain fried foods and even red meat, such as pork, lamb and beef.

Although these foods can potentially cause cancer, it doesn’t mean a person will get cancer just from eating them, according to the World Health Organization.

Cancer is caused by many different factors, such as one’s genes (基因), environment, lifestyle and eating habits. As long as one has a balanced diet, one doesn’t need to avoid cancer-causing foods entirely.

1. Why is salted fish popular in the south of China?

A．Because it is a common food in the south of China.

B．Because it is chewy and adds flavor to other dishes.

C．Because it is important to take in enough salt every day.

D．Because it is easy to find and cook fish in the south.

2. Salted fish may cause cancer when ________.

A．it is cooked with salt	B．the salt in it turns into nitrites
C．people eat too much of it	D．it is eaten with certain foods

3. What suggestion does Huang Yufang give to salted fish fans?

A．Stop eating salted fish from now on.

B．Have a small amount of salted fish every day.

C．Eat more fruit and vegetables to get more vitamin C.

D．Go to see the doctor if you don’t feel well.

4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Food alone won’t make people get cancer easily.

B．People who have a balanced diet will not get cancer.

C．One doesn’t need to avoid eating cancer-causing food.

D．People should find a better place to live.

5. Where can we most likely read this passage?

A．In a story book.

B．In a magazine.

C．In a travel guide.

D．In an interview.

10 .

It’s hard to say no to hamburgers, French fries and all of the other junk food. However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, especially if you’re between the ages of 10 and 19. “Junk food shapes teenage brains in ways that harm their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control impulsive (冲动的 ) behaviors,” said Amy Reichelt, at Western University, Canada. “It may even raise a teen’s risk of mental (精神上的) problems.”

Reichelt and two other researchers reviewed more than 100 studies, about how poor food choices can affect teenage brains. They found teenagers are more sensitive (敏感的) than any other age group to foods with a lot of fat and sugar as their brains are not yet fully formed.

Teenage brains are still developing the ability to notice risks and control actions. The prefrontal cortex (前额皮质) is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn’t eat chips all the time and helps us control ourselves. However, this part doesn’t fully develop until we are in our early 20s.

Meanwhile, teen brains get more excited from rewards (奖励). The parts of the brain that make us feel good when we do something enjoyable — like eating tasty foods — are fully developed by the teen years.

In fact, these parts are even more sensitive when we are young. That’s because dopamine (多巴胺 ), a natural chemical that makes us feel happy when we experience something good, is especially active in teenage brains.

Therefore, the teen brain has two attacks against it when it comes to saying no to junk food. “It has an increased drive for rewards and reduced self-control,” said Reichelt.

Reichelt and her team did their own study using mice, whose brains develop much like our own. They discovered that “teenage” mice that had high-fat foods performed worse on memory tests than those eating normal foods. Researchers said the high-fat foods may make the mice’s prefrontal cortex work less effectively.

So, what’s the best way to say no to junk food? The answer is exercise. When we exercise, the brain becomes less sensitive to food, besides this, it also helps our brains grow and become better able to make wise decisions and control our behaviors.

1. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?

A．What problems are caused by junk food.

B．What junk food teenagers like most.

C．How junk food harms teenage brains.

D．How junk food shapes teenage brains.

2. What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?

A．Teenagers are less sensitive than any other age group to junk food.

B．Junk food may make people’s prefrontal cortex work less effectively.

C．Dopamine helps our brains become better able to make wise decisions.

D．The prefrontal cortex makes us happy when we do something enjoyable.

3. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．Teenage Brains	B．Healthy Food for Teenagers
C．Food for Thought	D．Exercise: the Best for Brains