1 . Sandwich was an Englishman. He lived in the 18^th century. Sandwich was rich, but he liked to play cards for money. He often played for 24 hours, and didn't even stop to have his meals. He ordered his servants (仆人) to bring him some meat and bread. He put the meat between the two pieces of bread and held the food in his left hand while he played cards with his right hand. People liked Sandwich’s idea, and from then on they ate bread and meat as Sandwich did.

From the name of the man, Sandwich, we have the word of the food “sandwich” today.

1. Sandwich was the _________.

A．name of a servant

B．name of a man with a lot of money

C．poor man who lived on playing cards

D．name of food which was liked by the rich

2. People liked Sandwich’s idea because _________.

A．bread, together with meat was cheap

B．he always won when he played cards

C．they liked Sandwich himself

D．when they ate with one of their hands they could do something with the other

3. Today, “sandwich” is __________.

A．also a name of a rich man

B．two pieces of bread with meat in between

C．not interested in playing cards

D．not liked by most of the people

2 . It is reported that fossils( 化 石 )found in China are from an totally new type of dinosaur( 恐龙)that belonged to the same family as the giants diplodocus(梁龙)which have died out and only can be seen in pictures.

The fossils were first discovered in 2004 by a farmer in Lingwu, a small town in the west of China. Since then, a group of people led by Xu Xing, an expert from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, have dug up the whole or parts of skeletons(骷髅)from between seven and 10 dinosaurs.

Xu and researchers from two English universities have published the first study of the 174-million-year-old fossils in the journal Nature. The animal that died out long ago belonged to the diplodocus family, which are a group of ancient animals including the huge 25- meter-long diplodocus.

Xu named the dinosaur Lingwulong Shenqi(meaning Lingwu amazing dragon)after the town where the fossils were discovered. Lingwulong was a bit smaller than others with a short neck. It was about 11 to 17 meters and had a long tail and strong legs.

Lingwulong is the first diplodocus discovered in East Asia. Before the discovery,scientist thought those animals never got into Aisa because of an inland sea.Philip Mannion,the writer of the study,said “The inland sea may have seen less of barrier ( 障 碍 )than we once thought,or it could have been seasonal.”

1. Who plays the leading role in the digging up of the fossils?

A．A farmer in Ningxia Hui autonomous region.	B．Philip Mannion.
C．An expert from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.	D．Some British researchers.

2. How did scientists name the newly found dinosaur?

A．By its size.	B．By the place it was found.
C．By chance.	D．By its appearance.

3. What does the new type of dinosaur look like?

A．Very small with a long neck.	B．The largest with long legs.
C．About 25meters long with a   long tail.	D．About 15meters long with strong legs.

4. Scientists think the insland sea________ .

A．stops animals from going   into East Asia	B．might have been in some seasons
C．might have been all year round	D．has never been on the earth

5. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A．A new discovery	B．A new member of the dinosaur family
C．some skeletons of the dinosaur	D．One of the oldest dinosaurs

3 . Do you know when and where ice cream was created? It has a long and interesting history.

The earliest ice cream was eaten in China many centuries ago. People at that time would put orange juice on the ice or get something cool to drink. Later,this idea traveled to Italy. Around 1660, it was popular to serve ice cream in coffee shops in Paris.Most of the shops were owned by Italians.Among them, the first successful one belonged to a man named Francesco Procopius.

Ice cream was brought to America in the early 1700s, and it quickly became the favorite of Americans. President George Washington had ice cream pots（罐）and machines in his kitchen.Dolly Madison, the wife of President Madison,was the first one to serve it in the White House. She made her guests very happy when she served such desserts.

Before ice cream was sold in stores, it was made and kept at a very low temperature first. It took a lot of work to mix cream, eggs, fruit and ice. Nancy Johnson, an American woman who was good at machines, invented the ice cream freezer in 1846. Five years later. Jacob Flu sell opened the first ice cream factory in Baltimore, Maryland.Her business quickly came to other states.

Today in the United States, ice cream is not only a kind of food, but also a way of life.

1. The earliest ice cream was the ice with ________on or something cool to drink.

A．orange juice	B．apple juice
C．watermelon juice	D．tea

2. The owner of the first successful coffee shop in Paris was a（n）________.

A．Frenchman	B．American
C．Italian	D．Chinese

3. Which of the following is TRUE?

A．In 1700, ice cream came to the White House.

B．In 1846, many ice cream factories opened

C．President Madison was the first one to serve ice cream in the White House

D．Today ice cream means a lot to Americans

4. The best title for this passage is"________".

A．the History of Ice Cream	B．Ice Cream in America
C．Business on Ice Cream	D．Ice cream in Italia.

4 . Chewing gum (口香糖) may be one of your favorite sweets. But did you know how it was ____?

The sweet was invented by American scientist Thomas Adams. However, he invented it completely __ .

It was 1869. Earlier that year, one of Adams' friends showed him an interesting kind of sap (树汁). His friend told him_____ people in Central America liked to chew (咀嚼) on it for fun. Hundreds of years passed, people didn't do that any longer. But Adams was interested in the sap. He wanted to use it to create some new ____ .

Adams, however, ________ to create the products he wanted. He felt bored and________ and happened to chew on the sap. _______ , the sap tasted great. Adams then added something else to the sap and started selling it. Later in 1869, he opened a factory to produce this delicious _______ .

In 1888, Adams gave a ________ to the invention: "chewing gum." The sweet can be got from selling machines at underground stations all over New York City. Over the years, new kinds have been _______ . Now, chewing gum is popular among many people. However, few people know this was all started by an American scientist from a mistake.

1.

A．eaten

B．polluted

C．sold

D．invented

2.

A．in public

B．by mistake

C．in person

D．by hand

3.

A．ancient

B．single

C．famous

D．sick

4.

A．products

B．records

C．crops

D．fruits

5.

A．agreed

B．preferred

C．failed

D．afforded

6.

A．angry

B．nervous

C．lucky

D．satisfied

7.

A．Usually

B．Surprisingly

C．Slowly

D．Clearly

8.

A．dish

B．meal

C．drink

D．treat

9.

A．method

B．name

C．prize

D．menu

10.

A．divided

B．stored

C．developed

D．repeated

5 . One thing that British and Chinese cultures share is a love for fine tea. 

Today, when we think of Western tea culture, we often think of the English and beautiful china tea cups.

Afternoon tea

People believe that an English lady, Anna, first introduced the idea of afternoon tea. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the English ate two main meals eachday-breakfast and a heavy supper that would last for several hours in the evening. As a result, people often got very hungry during the long wait between these two meals. To solve this problem, Anna came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and five o"clock. This meal included cakes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food. In order to make this afternoon meal important, fine china cups and plates, and silver teapots, knives, forks and spoons were used. 

Soon afternoon tea parties became popular. Today, afternoon tea parties continueto play an important part in the social life in modern Britain.

Will you come for coffee?

Coffee also has an important role in British culture. People often use the words "Will you come for coffee?" to mean "Would you like to come to my homefor a chat?" Usually several different drinks such as tea, hot chocolate or a soft drink like orange juice will be served as well as coffee, and you will be asked what you would like. However, you will not be offered wine at a "coffee" party. 　　

Coffeehouse and the London Stock Exchange

In the 17th century London, coffeehouses were busy and noisy places. 

Businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses to do their business, as well as todrink coffee. In fact the London Stock(股票)Exchange is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.

1. Anna introduced the idea of drinking afternoon tea because she___．

A．enjoyed chatting with her friends at home

B．loved fine tea and beautiful china tea cups

C．wanted to share nice food with her friends

D．found people felt hungry during the long wait between the two meals

2. If someone says to you"Will you come for coffee？"，you___．

A．will be offered coffee only

B．will be asked to have a chat with him or her

C．are asked what you would like to drink

D．are invited to take part in an afternoon tea party

3. From the last paragraph we can see___．

A．a new business was started in coffeehouses

B．businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses just for coffee

C．coffeehouses are still used by businessmen and bankers

D．people don’t go to coffeehouses because of the noise

4. What does"social occasions"mean in Chinese？___

A．集体婚礼

B．社交活动

C．社区表演

D．公共场合

5. Which is the best title of the article？___

A．Coffeehouses and Business

B．English Tea and Coffee Culture．

C．British and Chinese Cultures

D．The Beginning of Tea and Coffee

6 . Long long ago, there were only a few thousand people in the world. These people moved from one place to another place over the land, hunting (打猎) animals for food.

No one knows how or when these people learned about growing food. But when they did, their lives first changed. They did not have to look for food any more. They could stay in one place and grow it.

People began to live near one another. And so the first village grew. Many people came to work in the villages. These villages grew very big. When machines appeared, life in the villages changed again. Factories were built. More and more people lived near the factories. The cities grew very big.

Today some people are moving back to small towns. Can you tell why?

1. How many people were there in the world long long ago?（不超过5个单词）
________________________________________________________.
2. When did people’s lives first change? （不超过10个单词）
________________________________________________________.
3. Did the cities grow very big? （不超过5个单词）
________________________________________________________.

7 . Marco Polo was from Venice, Italy. In 1271, at age 17, Marco went on a trip with his father and uncle to China. Today people often travel to different places around the world. But it was very hard for people from Europe to visit China then. After three and a half years, the Polos reached China on 1275.
While he was there, Marco Polo worked   for Kublai Khan, the emperor（皇帝）of China. He was able to learn and experience many things that were new to Europeans. In his diary, he wrote, “Kublai Khan’s palace is the greatest I’ve ever seen. The streets of the new capital. Daidu, are so straight and so wide.” Paper money also took him by surprise, since it was not yet in use in the West at that time. Homes were heated with “black stones... which burn like wood.” These stones were coal, and most of the Europeans knew little about it then.
After 17 years in China, Marco and his family finally returned to Venice in 1292. After he returned home, Marco completed a book about his trip, full of facts about his wonderful experiences in China.
1. How was Marco Polo’s three-and-a-half-year journey to China?

A．Expensive.

B．Comfortable.

C．Difficult.

D．Smooth.

2. The Polos finally got to China in       .

A．1271

B．1275

C．1288

D．1292

3. What did Marco do when he was in China?

A．He worked for the emperor.

B．He learned to build city streets.

C．He helped to dig for coal.

D．He finished a book about his trip.

4. What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Magic “black stones”

B．Marco Polo in China

C．Paper money on Daidu

D．Kublai Khan—the greatest emperor

8 . The earliest maps were probably drawn in the Middle East. Some of these maps have______ and they show us the people at that time thought the earth flat(平的). As time went by, the pictures became more detailed and maps were more ______ made. Later on, ancient Greeks(希腊人) used their ______ of maths and science to make maps. Greek maps tell us the Greeks knew the world was ______.

From simple pictures, mapmaking has turned into a science. Maps are made ______ surveying(勘测) land. In the 1900s, people around the world start­ed to share information to make ______ maps. With the help of the photographs taken from the sky and space, maps are now more exactly made than ever. ______ the world is always changing, we will always need new maps.

There are many types of maps, but almost all use ______ and pictures to describe what a place is like when the map is made. A map usually tells what the pictures ______. Some maps may show the whole world. A road map will help you know the ______ from one place to another. Other maps may use pictures to show the temperature and population in different places.

1.

A．disappeared

B．survived

C．gone

D．left

2.

A．slowly

B．simply

C．correctly

D．carelessly

3.

A．knowledge

B．courage

C．energy

D．challenge

4.

A．long

B．small

C．square

D．round

5.

A．into

B．by

C．of

D．from

6.

A．cleaner

B．lighter

C．better

D．older

7.

A．Though

B．So

C．Unless

D．Since

8.

A．sounds

B．models

C．words

D．stories

9.

A．stand for

B．go for

C．ask for

D．wait for

10.

A．weather

B．distance

C．feature

D．culture