1 . For generations, Nafisa Bayniyazova and her family have made a living growing melons, pumpkins and tomatoes on farms around the Aral Sea. Bayniyazova, 50, has spent most of her life near Muynak, in northwestern Uzbekistan, tending the land. Farm life was sometimes difficult but generally reliable and productive.

Now, Bayniyazova and other residents say they’re facing a disaster they can’t beat: climate change, which is speeding up the decades-long disappearance of the Aral, once the lifeblood for the thousands living around it.

Decades ago, deep blue and filled with fish, the Aral was one of the world’s largest inland bodies of water. Thousands of migrants from across Asia and Europe moved to the Aral’s shores for jobs popping up everywhere from canning factories to luxury vacation resorts. Today, the few remaining towns sit quiet along the former seabed of the Aral—technically classified as a lake, due to its lack of a direct outlet to the ocean, though residents and officials call it a sea.

Much of its early disappearance is due to human engineering and agricultural projects gone wrong, now paired with climate change. Summers are hotter and longer; winters, shorter and bitterly cold.

Without the moderating influence of a large body of water to regulate the climate, dust storms began to blow through towns. Strong winds caused dunes (沙丘) to swallow entire towns, and abandoned buildings were filled with sand. A dozen fish species went extinct, and businesses closed down. “The fish factories closed, the ships were stuck in the harbor, and the workers all left,” said Madi Zhasekenov, former director of the Aral Sea Fisherman Museum in Aralsk, Kazakhstan. “It became only us locals.”

On her Uzbekistan farm, Bayniyazova’s family has dug an earthen well, hoping to hold on to the precious little water that’s left. “If there is no water, it will be very difficult for people to live,” Bayniyazova said. “Now people are barely surviving.” She doesn’t plan to leave her farm but yet knows more hardships are likely ahead.

1. How is paragraph 3 developed?

A．By reasoning.	B．By making comparison.
C．By experimenting.	D．By analyzing data.

2. What can be inferred from paragraph 5?

A．The number of fish in the Aral Sea is increasing.

B．Madi Zhasekenov feels hopeful about his future.

C．Local people around the Aral have lost their livelihoods.

D．Madi Zhasekenov has adapted to the changing climate.

3. How does Bayniyazova feel now?

A．Ashamed.

B．Worried.

C．Relieved.

D．Embarrassed.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．The Importance of the Aral Sea

B．How to Deal With the Aral Sea Disaster

C．We Will Face the Challenge of Adapting to Climate Change

D．Climate Change Is Quickening the Disappearance of the Aral Sea

2 . No matter how successful—or lately, unsuccessful—Manchester United has been on the court, which has always prided itself on an incredible ability to generate the game’s brightest young stars. The latest breakthrough talent, it seems, is 18-year-old midfielder Kobbie Mainoo.

The teenager’s emergence from the youth academy (学院) has been one of the few satisfying points in an otherwise difficult season for the team, and the highlight of his fledgling (刚刚起步的) career came during United’s 4—3 win against Wolverhampton Wanderers on Thursday.

After the host had seemingly got a draw in the 95th minute of the match, Mainoo showed his considerable potential by scoring a winner in the dying moment. The English youngster received the ball under pressure outside of the opposition’s box before rushing his way towards the goal, hitting against a Wolves defender on the way. Then, when other players might have panicked, Mainoo was composed and guided a perfect shot into the far corner of the net.

While his teammates celebrated wildly, Mainoo knelt down and slid towards the crowd after scoring his first Premier League goal. It was a sensational moment and a goal which might change the teenager’s life forever.

“I’ve still not come down from it. I still feel like I’m dreaming, to be honest,” Mainoo told TNT Sports after the match. “To start playing in the Premier League for my boyhood club has been amazing. Now I am just trying to play more games and win more games.”

There have been moments this season, though, where his inexperience has shown, but the future looks bright for the young midfielder who seems to have his feet firmly on the ground. “He is making incredible progress. He has great abilities as a modern midfield player,” Manchester United manager Erik ten Hag told reporters after the game. “He can defend and attack but also he has the physicality to do both ways.”

Manchester United is currently ranked seventh in the Premier League and they are working hard to secure the top four, which will ensure qualification for next season’s Champions League.

1. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about Kobbie Mainoo?

A．His goals.	B．His education.
C．His teammates.	D．His performance.

2. What does the underlined word “sensational” in paragraph 4 mean?

A．Boring.

B．Dramatic.

C．Suitable.

D．Possible.

3. Which word can best describe Kobbie Mainoo?

A．Ambitious.

B．Humorous.

C．Experienced.

D．Shy.

4. What is the aim of Manchester United now?

A．To bring out more young stars.

B．To qualify for the next Premier League.

C．To play in the Champions League next season.

D．To finish in the top seven of the Premier League.

3 . In Paris, you only need to see the Louvre, right? Wrong! There’s so much more to see in one of the world’s greatest cities for arts and culture! In this article, discover the best museums to visit in Paris.

Louis Vuitton Foundation

The architecture of this building alone makes a visit worth it. The building was designed by famous architect Frenk Gehry. There are works of art by Jean-Michel Basquiat, Ellsworth Kelly, Olafur Eliasson, Gilbert & George, Jeff Koons, and many others. The admission ticket costs€16.

Hours: Mon-Sat, 10:00 am-6:00 pm (closed Sundays)

Paris Museum of Modern Art

The museum has a few huge works of art and a ton of other eye-catchers. It is technically free to visit, but they ask for a non-mandatory (非强制性的) donation of €5 to see the permanent artworks.

Hours: Tues—Sun, 10:00 am—6:00 pm (closed Mondays)

Musée National Picasso-Paris

The museum is home to thousands of Picasso works. Unlike the Rodin Museum, which contains works from many artists, the Picasso Museum keeps its collection closely tied to the master. The admission ticket costs€14.

Hours: Tues—Fri,10:00 am—6:30 pm; Sat and Sun, 9:30 am—6:00 pm (closed Mondays)

Musée Marmottan Monet

Similar to the Picasso Museum, the Monet Museum is mostly about Monet. The museum is only what it is today thanks to Michel Monet’s famous donation of his father’s remaining works of art. Admissions will run you from€9 to€14.

Hours: Tues—Sun,10:00 am—6:00 pm, late nights on Thursdays until 9:00 pm (closed Mondays).

1. Who was the designer of Louis Vuitton Foundation?

A．Frenk Gehry.

B．Ellsworth Kelly.

C．Olafur Eliasson.

D．Jeff Koons.

2. How much do a couple have to pay to enter Musée National Picasso-Paris?

A．€10.

B．€18.

C．€28.

D．€32.

3. When can you enter Musée Marmottan Monet?

A．At 6:00 pm on Monday.	B．At 9:30 am on Thursday.
C．At 10:00 pm on Saturday.	D．At 10:00 am on Sunday.

5 . Sleep-deprived human parents know the value of a quick nap, but it turns out chinstrap penguins have us all beat. When nesting, these Antarctic birds take four-second-long “micro- sleeps”, a strategy that allows parents to keep constant watch over weak eggs and chicks, all while having 11 hours of total sleep a day, according to a new study.

Like other penguins, chinstrap parents take turns guarding the nest. While one bird protects the chicks, the partner finds food at sea. Then the penguins trade places. For two months between egg laying and fledging(羽化) , it’s a series of nonstop demands.

To study how penguins manage to accomplish all this and get the necessary sleep, Lee, a leader researcher, first stuck biologgers, small battery-powered devices, to the backs of 14 nesting penguins of both sexes. This device functions like a smart-watch, measuring physical activity, pulse, and the ocean depths of foraging birds.

Next, the team humanely arrested each of the penguins, attaching the devices temporarily into their skull to measure brain activity. When an animal is awake, the brain constantly buzzes with activity. During sleep, however, brain waves slow down and stretch out. When Lee started reviewing the data, he was surprised to discover the birds, slept in four-second intervals throughout the day and night while looking after their eggs or chicks.

“In both humans and penguins, micro-sleeps occur during times of exhaustion, yet nesting chinstrap penguins seem to have a near-exclusive reliance on it,” Cirelli, another scientist, says. Studying sleep in natural environments is difficult, so “the simple fact that they were able to record data in these conditions is incredible. ”

While the data is convincing, Cirelli notes that the researchers only studied the penguins during nesting periods, making it impossible to tell if the birds micro-sleep when they’re not parenting. The other challenge is understanding how micro-sleep impacts the brains and bodies of the pen-guins. Sleep deprivation in humans causes a range of health problems, and it’s not clear whether penguins experience this, too.

1. When do the birds have micro-sleeps?

A．When they lay eggs.	B．When they hunt for food.
C．When they care for babies.	D．When they exchange places.

2. What is the biologger?

A．A charger.	B．A smart-watch.
C．A sleep monitor	D．A safety alarm.

3. What does Cirelli mean in the last but one paragraph?

A．The micro-sleep study is successful.	B．Chinstrap penguins sleep more than human.
C．The data from the micro-sleep study is simple.	D．Chinstrap penguins rely entirely on micro-sleep.

4. What is probably continued with the text?

A．Effects and occurrence of micro-sleep.	B．Short-term strategies for tired bird parents.
C．Problems caused by lack of sleep in humans.	D．Approaches of chinstrap penguins’ parenting.

6 . AI agents are prediction engines using the web as their memory. They do no more than predict which words are more likely to follow any other word or group of words in a given language. When you ask ChatGPT a question, it analyzes it into words and their sequence, returning answers that match those sequences opposite. It might sound like a simple trick, and it is, yet the secret sauce is the size of the database the AIs use to perform it.

Of the very various mix of content used to train ChatGPT, 60 percent was information collected from websites, blogs or social media. Another 20 percent was content shared on Reddit and evaluated relatively highly by the users. The rest was books typically found in the public field (mostly older and general purpose), with a bit of Wikipedia (3 percent) mixed in for good measure.

AI’s store for each word the probability that any other word will follow it. The quality and value of these predictions depend very much on how often and on how many circum- stances the software encounters any two (or more words) in the neighborhood, how long a sentence goes, and which sentence might follow another. When put together, these predictions favour the most influential texts of a given culture, which shaped generations upon generations of English language teachers and the students they educated.

ChatGPT speaks like a parrot because its delivery is not automatically adjusted. More re- search and engineering are needed to adjust the tool to each request’s real-life intentions and consequences. In academic learning, these situations should be the pre- and post-stages of the research process: finding arguments and packaging them for public consumption.

In their current forms, ChatGPT and its siblings (姐弟) are like those three-year-olds who can recite entire stories read to them only once. But turning a three-year-old into a learned Person takes 20 years of labour—some, structured education. It is time to stop reading Al agents stories and send them to a real school.

1. Which determines the accuracy of AI predictions?

A．Words.

B．Network.

C．Database.

D．Questions.

2. How does the author support the theme of Paragraph 2?

A．By listing data.	B．By giving examples.
C．By making comparisons.	D．By quoting experts’ arguments.

3. What does the third paragraph mainly focus on?

A．Users of AI.	B．Words’ frequency.
C．AI’s cultural nature.	D．The length of a sentence.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．How a ChatGPT works	B．Where a ChatGPT is found
C．A ChatGPT needs packaging	D．A ChatGPT has a long way to go

7 . A GIF of the Wicked Witch (巫婆) of the West from “The Wizard of Oz” saying “I’ll get you, my pretty, and your little dog too!” played behind Economics Professor Michael Rizzo as students gathered in Wegmans Hall on Oct. 30 to hear him argue against the opinion that the Earth is going through a climate disaster.

“I’m curious to see how many people will misunderstand the point of my talk, which is about addressing the issue of disaster and not at all the issue of whether climate change is happening, or even the mechanics of it,” he said in an interview with the Cambus Times.

The talk included Rizzo stating his biggest fear—that he doesn’t know what he doesn’t know about climate change. The talk, he said, was assembled from everything he’s read, and, to him, things don’t look so bad, but he knows he hasn’t read everything.

First-year Aidan Lieberman, who attended the talk after hearing about it in Rizzo’s Prin- ciples of Economics class, thought the professor tried to fit too much into his time, but he agreed with the points that he could follow, saying “they seemed to make sense.”

“I was only able to follow a few of the points he was making, ” Lieberman said. “My biggest takeaway is that humans will be able to manage the effects of climate change as they become more severe. ”

Rizzo said he wanted students to leave the talk understanding that the rhetoric around climate “disaster” often comes more from how information is reported rather than the science it- self. Addressing issues of climate change, he stressed, requires a careful understanding that takes lots of research to achieve-research that he found students weren’t doing before coming to him with disagreements.

1. Why is the “The Wizard of Oz” saying mentioned?

A．To explain the dog is vital for the witch.

B．To prove students misunderstood the talk.

C．To suggest students made no sense of the talk.

D．To show the earth is facing a climate challenge.

2. What does the underlined word “assembled” probably mean in Paragraph 3?

A．Pieced.

B．Differed.

C．Separated.

D．Reserved.

3. How does Aidan feel about Rizzo’s lecture?

A．Doubtful.

B．Opposed.

C．Positive.

D．Unclear.

4. What does Rizzo suggest doing in the last paragraph?

A．Being creative.	B．Doing more research.
C．Reporting objectively.	D．Focusing on the information.

8 . Nike x Corteix | “Rules the World”

The crazy and surreal ad described a world where the launch was canceled: stock markets crash, people fight on the streets, and a newborn baby cries—calming down only when the shoe drops into their crib. The buzz-worthy film was an original take on fashion marketing while creating a joyful portrait of British street culture,

Taco Bell | “See You Next Tuesday” by The Or

“See you next Tuesday” typically has a vulgar(粗俗)implication. But Taco Bell U. K put a positive change on the phrase’s meaning by applying it across an eye-catching billboard and inviting the British public to enjoy its Taco Tuesday promotion, offering a taco and drink combo for £2. The campaign demonstrated the brand’s signature cheekiness while tapping into British humor to bring a smile to the nation.

Teleflora | “The Hardest Part” by The Wonderful Agency

Teleflora’s campaign for Mother’s Day started with a seconds-long piece of user generated content—a mom sending her kid off to school and, when he’s out of sight, breaking down in tears. It celebrates the bonds between mothers and their children, but turns the focus to the bittersweet feeling of losing the parental control. “It’s a human truth we thought advertising hadn’t touched on before,” said Danielle Mason, vice president of marketing at the brand.

Ikea | “Monsters Not Included” by Ogilvy

During the season, children might see spirit around every corner. Ikea reassured kids of all ages that there was nothing to be afraid of, with ads showing dark spaces beneath beds or other furniture where monsters might be hiding. However, the brand’s clever tag-line explained that monsters were not included and wished consumers a Happy Halloween.

1. What do Rules the World and See You Next Tuesday have in common?

A．They all make a hit.	B．They bring happiness.
C．They are used on the festival.	D．They are involved with culture.

2. What is special about The Hardest Part?

A．It has emotion effects.	B．It is in charge of Danielle.
C．It aims to celebrate a festival.	D．It contains consumers’ wishes.

3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A．To argue.

B．To inform.

C．To entertain.

D．To advertise.

9 . Fifteen years ago, Pilots N Paws was founded by Debi, an animal lover, and Jon, a pilot. Debi wanted to _________ a dog from a shelter and needed to get it from Florida to South Carolina, so Jon helped her make it _________. Most animals were transported on the ground back then, but the two had the idea of transporting the animals via _________. Thus, Pilots N Paws _________. Pilots N Paws is a nonprofit organization that works with pilots all throughout the United States. Since its foundation, more than 200,000 animals have been _________. The Pilots N Paws pilot network has grown to _________ over 6,000 pilots. The organization also _________ Cirrus Aircraft, who supports it financially.

Though Pilots N Paws _________ transports dogs and cats, the organization has actually helped all kinds of animals. Pilots have flown dolphins, a baby bear badly burned in a wildfire, eagles, and snakes.

Pilots N Paws _________ the gap between the pilot and the person wanting to adopt the animal. The __________ is not to make the pilots go significantly out of their way to save an animal, but rather to have them rescue the animal on a flight they would take __________. The customer needing transportation of an animal has to __________ a request on the Pilots N Paws website, and the pilots can view the requests like a forum. Once a pilot __________ one, they coordinate (协调) the __________ of the animal. When filling out a transport request, the requester is asked if they are willing to drive the animal to the airport, making the __________ much smoother for the pilots.

1.

A．examine

B．adopt

C．identify

D．film

2.

A．legal

B．necessary

C．clear

D．possible

3.

A．car

B．boat

C．bus

D．plane

4.

A．caught on

B．came into being

C．broke down

D．held the lead

5.

A．rescued

B．dismissed

C．trained

D．maintained

6.

A．affect

B．include

C．assist

D．appoint

7.

A．trusts

B．defends

C．partners

D．controls

8.

A．typically

B．rarely

C．temporarily

D．secretly

9.

A．bridges

B．mixes

C．widens

D．explores

10.

A．advice

B．assumption

C．objective

D．problem

11.

A．instead

B．otherwise

C．away

D．regardless

12.

A．choose

B．receive

C．place

D．consider

13.

A．accepts

B．describes

C．repeats

D．submits

14.

A．giveaway

B．pickup

C．takeover

D．turnaround

15.

A．communication

B．search

C．process

D．landing

10 . We have all heard that reducing meat and dairy (乳制品的) consumption is an important behavioral change that can help with our planet’s climate. However, what is a successful strategy to get people to consume more plant-based food?

Brigham and Women’s Faulkner Hospital has an answer. They pioneered a vegetarian/ vegan option to reduce climate change. Faulkner is among the 60 hospitals, universities, major companies, and cities that have signed an international pledge (保证) to reduce food-related greenhouse gas emissions (排放) by 25%by 2030.

The hospital focused on the benefits of the ingredients in the dish rather than mention “vegan” or “vegetarian” in the name of any dishes on the hospital cafeteria menu. Another strategy that has been experimented with is the order of foods. For example, putting vegan and vegetarian foods before the ones containing meat urges the patients to take plant-based foods first.

Through the research, the hospital has found that vegan and vegetarian labeled foods tend to categorize foods and attract only a certain number of the hospital’s patients. Much like other labels, vegan and vegetarian foods have been left out of the diets of people who don’t have any dietary restrictions.

Although food is only a small percentage of hospital carbon emissions, reducing meat in cafeteria food will reduce the carbon emissions significantly. Additionally, vegan and vegetarian diets will help diversify people’s diets, increasing their intake of healthful fiber, vitamins, and other micro-nutrients. Adding fish to their menu in the future is another good option since it can be sustainably fished.

Since starting the pledge, the hospital has seen a 2.2%decrease in total emissions per calorie. This result of this strategy matches a similar study from MIT and could change what we think of plant-based foods.

1. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 1?

A．To make a comparison.

B．To lead in the topic.

C．To provide background information.

D．To introduce a new theory.

2. What aspect of the research is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．Its target.

B．Its findings.

C．Its methods.

D．Its influence.

3. To reduce food-related carbon emissions, one can _________.

A．limit the food intake	B．change diets frequently
C．avoid fish in the diet	D．reduce meat consumption

4. Which is the best title for the text?

A．Do Labels Impact How We Eat?

B．A Tendency Toward Labeled Foods Does Exist

C．Plant-Based Foods — the Best Choice for Your Health

D．Does Going on a Green Diet Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions?