1 . Recently my friend invited me to her residential hall, which is an African-American themed hall. They have lots of meetings and outings there. So I thought it would be fun. On this particular day they were having a pancake breakfast, just a time to mix. I was excited to be there, too.
I walked in at a time when the mini-party was at its peak. I found my friend; excitedly, we hugged and she led me to a seat in the back. We sat there for some time. I sensed some sort of discrimination. I wondered, were we just isolating ourselves or were we facing discrimination?
My friend’s breakfast came in first, and it was a plate full of colors. My mouth watered. I have always liked rainbow dishes: they make me hungry. She let me pick pancakes and fruit; we ate and only then began to talk.
The black American contemporary music was extremely loud. Some boys and girls were beating the tables and some guys on the stage were dancing in what looked like a kind of competition.
We talked about various subjects: hair, boys, shoes and books. And then we got to it. “What do African Americans think of Africans?”
We argued. I told her I thought African Americans were haughty. Why did they sideline us? When we met in a narrow passage and our eyes met, they quickly looked aside before we greeted. Why? Weren’t we all black? I mean, wasn’t this exactly the reason why there was an African-American themed house to begin with?
Did they look down upon us because they grew up in America and we in Sub-Saharan Africa? Oh yes, I felt this was it! They believed that we were HIV-positive and that the giraffes were right behind our huts.
My friend uttered, “No!” And then she continued:
“I also thought so at one point but after living with these guys, I got to a different conclusion altogether. These guys are not from Africa. They were not born there and may have never been there. We can’t expect them to naturally like us or bond. We are different. Skin color is the skin color.”
1. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that the author ________.A.is an African American | B.is an American African |
C.was late for the party | D.was crazy about parties |
A.Delicious. | B.Just so-so. | C.A bit salty. | D.A little sweet. |
A.They had a good time at the party. | B.They turned down the music for me. |
C.Some of them broke the tables. | D.They had a competition at the party. |
A.kind-hearted | B.modest | C.fashionable | D.proud |
A.The author was brought up in Sub-Saharan Africa. |
B.The friend had the same idea as the author before. |
C.The African Americans are born in America. |
D.The African Americans have nothing in common with Africans. |
2 . I am standing next to a five-year old girl in Pormpuraaw, a small native community in northern Australia. When I ask her to point north, she points exactly and without hesitation. My compass (指南针) says she is right. Later, back in a lecture hall at Stanford University, I make the same request of an audience of excellent professors. Many refuse; they do not know the answer.
A five-year-old in one culture can do something with ease that great scientists in other cultures struggle with. This is a big difference in cognitive (认知的) ability. What could explain it? The surprising answer, it turns out, may be language.
Around the world people communicate with one another using a variety of languages—7,000 or so all told—and each language requires very different things from its speakers. For example, suppose I want to tell you that I saw Uncle Vanya on 42nd Street. In Mian, a language spoken in Papua New Guinea, the verb I used would reveal (显示) whether the event happened just now, yesterday or in the distant past, while in Indonesia, the verb wouldn’t even give away whether it had already happened or was still coming up. In Russian, the verb would reveal my gender (性别).
Research in my lab and in many others has been uncovering how language shapes even the most basic concept (概念) of human experience: space, time, and relationships to others. Unlike English, the language spoken in Pormpuraaw does not use relative spatial (空间感的) terms such as left and right. Rather speakers talk in terms of absolute directions. Of course, in English we also use direction terms but only for large spatial scales (标度). We would not say, for example, “They set the salad forks southeast of the dinner forks!” But in Pormpuraaw, absolute directions are used at all scales. This means one ends up saying things like “the cup is southeast of the plate” or “the boy standing to the south of Mary is my brother.”
1. How does the author mainly explain the role language plays in the different cognition?A.By giving numbers. | B.By making comparisons. |
C.By describing personal experiences. | D.By presenting different viewpoints. |
A.Her training in Stanford University. | B.The challenge from professors. |
C.The language she speaks. | D.The English culture she absorbs. |
A.The time. | B.The gender. | C.The space. | D.The event. |
A.Favorable. | B.Positive. | C.Negative. | D.Objective(客观的) |
3 . The music world lost a rock and roll superstar this week when guitarist Eddie Van Halen passed away. He was only 65 years old.
Eddie Van Halen was a founding member of the band Van Halen. He formed the group in 1974 with his brother Alex, who played the drums. Van Halen released (发行) its most popular single, the song Jump, in 1983. Jump rose to the top of Billboard Magazıne’s list of Hot 100 songs and stayed there for five weeks. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland, Ohio lists Jump among its “500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll”. Eddie Van Halen released at least 15 record albums with his band over the years, selling more than 80 million around the world. In 2007, Van Halen entered the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
The Van Halen brothers were born in the Netherlands. Their father was a professional musician. Their mother was from Indonesia. In the 1950s, some Netherlanders did not support the mixed-race (混种族) marriage, so the family moved to the United States. They settled in southern California. Eddie and Alex Van Halen had to learn English in their new land. Both brothers studied piano for years before getting interested in rock and roll.
As a child, Eddie was considered musically gifted. Eddie told a reporter he did not learn to read music. He said he would watch his teacher play and memorize his moves. He also said that he never took a class on playing the guitar, although he studied under Eric Clapton for a time. His father was among the first to recognize Eddie’s guitar skill. “You’ve got it, kid,” Eddie’s father said to him early on.
Eddie’s guitar playing was hard and fast. He was energetic while performing, often jumping like an acrobat (杂技演员) as he played. He was known for the way he tapped on the guitar strings with both hands. It influenced many musicians that followed.
1. What’s Paragraph 2 mainly about?A.Eddie’s band. | B.Eddie’s Jump. |
C.Eddie’s life story. | D.Eddie’s achievements. |
A.To make a good living. | B.To escape racial prejudice. |
C.To receive better education. | D.To experience different cultures. |
A.Determined. | B.Energetic.. | C.Intelligent. | D.Hardworking. |
A.To remember a famous musician. |
B.To express sadness for a superstar’s death. |
C.To praise Eddie Van Halen for his contributions. |
D.To show the excellence of Eddie Van Halen. |
4 . When I was a college student, I did a lot of traveling abroad. That was because a professor
Since I started to work for a food company,
Therefore, I was beginning to feel that actual trips were
Today, people
A.promised | B.encouraged | C.permitted | D.forced |
A.enrich | B.prove | C.employ | D.benefit |
A.followed | B.learned from | C.approached | D.agreed with |
A.indeed | B.otherwise | C.though | D.therefore |
A.arts | B.sights | C.rivers | D.houses |
A.plans | B.opportunities | C.progress | D.trips |
A.information | B.taste | C.experiences | D.feelings |
A.actually | B.no longer | C.additionally | D.even more |
A.people | B.drink | C.atmosphere | D.environment |
A.reminded | B.informed | C.warned | D.cured |
A.news | B.pleasures | C.troubles | D.places |
A.enjoy | B.keep | C.lose | D.avoid |
A.labor-saving | B.long-lasting | C.fruitful | D.accessible |
A.make up | B.get through | C.take up | D.break down |
A.wisely | B.correctly | C.instantly | D.gradually |
5 . I had just finished my dance class, and it was a disaster: I started on the wrong foot and couldn’t get the steps that other students seemed to do easily. I began to
Just then, my big sister Julissa arrived. She took one
“Nothing,” I said
“Uh huh,” Julissa replied. “Looks like a (n)
“Well,” I mumbled (咕哝) , “maybe I shouldn’t be taking
“Listen,” she said, “not every day is a (n)
“I tried my best, but …” I replied.
Looking at me seriously, Julissa said, “Maybe ballet is not your
I thought about her
A.develop | B.doubt | C.discover | D.forget |
A.knock | B.message | C.look | D.wave |
A.quietly | B.repeatedly | C.politely | D.surely |
A.frank | B.useful | C.old | D.bad |
A.health | B.gym | C.dance | D.safety |
A.effective | B.great | C.relaxed | D.warm |
A.work out | B.settle down | C.go off | D.break up |
A.thinking | B.acting | C.waiting | D.trying |
A.excuse | B.thing | C.goal | D.idea |
A.places | B.plans | C.ways | D.tips |
A.find | B.test | C.change | D.spread |
A.results | B.jokes | C.lessons | D.words |
A.run into | B.thought of | C.applied for | D.referred to |
A.dream | B.deal | C.choice | D.position |
A.lucky | B.curious | C.strong | D.smart |
6 . The latest data shows the population of wild Asin elephants in southwest China’s Yunnan Province has increased from around 150 to more than 300 from the 1980s to the end of 2021, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
With the growth in the elephant population, conflicts between humans and elephants have become frequent. In order to fundamentally and peacefully solve the issue and protect the elephant’s habitat at the same time, construction of the Asian elephant National Park is picking up speed. Experts suggest that national parks are not intended to be entirely free of people. Instead, they should offer a method for coexistence.
Asian elephants play an important role as engineers of the rainforest, said the expert. Their migration (迁徙) can speed up the replacement of forest ecosystems along the way. Elephant waste remains not only food for insects, but also attracts insectivorous birds, allowing plant seeds to spread. Therefore, protecting the elephants and their habitats guarantees the shelter to other wildlife in forest ecosystems.
To cope with human-elephant conflicts, Yunnan took the lead in introducing a commercial insurance model into its compensation (补偿) system: local residents will be paid with the amount of money for the crops destroyed by the elephants by the insurance company. In the past 10 years, Yunnan has paid a total of 173 million yuan for losses caused by Asian elephants.
“The standard of compensation is constantly being adjusted, and the amount of insurance coverage for compensation is also increasing,” said Yang Hua from the Forestry and Grass Bureau of Yunnan Province. “At present, the insured amount in Pu’er City and Xishuangbanna Prefecture alone has already gone beyond 50 million.”
1. What do we know about the Asian elephant park?A.It offers elephants a place without humans. | B.It aims at the human-elephant harmony. |
C.It speeds up the protection of elephants. | D.It keeps the growth of elephants in control. |
A.Fond of plants. | B.Driving away insects. |
C.Good at collection. | D.Feeding on insects. |
A.The total money spent on compensation. |
B.One way of addressing the problem concerned. |
C.The influence of a commercial insurance model. |
D.The damage to crops caused by the elephants. |
A.Asian elephants, engineers of the rainforest |
B.Insurance adjusted, compensation increased |
C.China explores solutions to human-elephant conflicts |
D.Population of wild Asian elephants shoots up in China |
7 . SarahRose Black isn’t a doctor or a nurse. Since 2013 she has played an important role for patients at the center as a music therapist (治疗师). One day, a nurse at a medical centre asked her if she could reach out to a patient who refused to take part in any activities. “He’s angry with us, and we wonder if you might have an interest in it.” the nurse told her.
The next day, Black offered to play music for the patient. “If you don’t like it, you can tell me to leave.” she said. After thinking for a while, the man wrote down the names of some music he liked and then looked out the window. However, as Black began to play one of his favorites, he cried. She stopped playing, saying, "Do you want me to continue?" "Certainly," he said through tears.
“It was as if the music went places," recalls Black.” He shared afterwards that he’d been holding in so much and had been unable to talk about anything —but the music felt like a hug."
It has been shown that music can be medicine. A study conducted in Barcelona’s Hospital del Mar found patients receiving music therapy experienced obvious decreases in anxiety and breathing difficulties, as well as an increase in feelings of well-being.
At the Dr Bob Kemp Hospice in Hamilton, Ont., music therapy is widely used. Doug Mattina experienced a music-therapy program when his father spent his last days there. "During the treatment, my mom and I danced around my dad’s bed. He would request high kicks from us as he clapped along. He was so weak that he sometimes fell asleep, but he was happy. It meant a lot to us." Mattina says.
Music has an especially important effect on sick children. Ruth Hunston, a music therapist at a children’s hospital, says her program gives patients back some sense of control. "When children are in hospital, their worlds get much smaller," she explains. "Music allows them to create something themselves."
Music does count in treatment, but Black notes that people actually connect with music for their whole lives.“ We have a heartbeat, so we have a drum inside us; we are born to be musical,”she says,“ Music relieves our sadness in ways words cannot.”
1. How did the patient react to Black’s appearance?A.He asked her to leave. | B.He cried and hugged her. |
C.He handed her a list of songs. | D.He turned away and walked to the window. |
A.Got faster. | B.Went wrong. | C.Worked well. | D.Slowed down. |
A.He often did high kicks. | B.He was once a music therapist. |
C.He didn’t like talking about his illness. | D.He fell in and out of sleep in the treatment. |
A.It improves their social ability. | B.It helps them create something. |
C.It helps them enjoy a sound sleep. | D.It excites their interest in medical treatment. |
A.Thoughtful and helpful. | B.Strong and talented. |
C.Intelligent and honest. | D.Hardworking and humorous. |
8 . With the development of the Internet, many of our activities take place online. Medicine is no exception. Patients can visit doctors by phone call and video chat. Online searches for telehealth increased sharply.
Online visits are best suited to simple tasks, like refilling prescriptions (doctor’s orders), as well as diagnosing (诊断) and treating conditions that rely on a doctor’s sense of sight — pink eye, rashes, etc. — or a patient’s description of symptoms, such as back pain. Telehealth also works better at monitoring chronic (慢性的) conditions, such as congestive heart failure, where doctors don’t need to provide a new diagnosis but simply check up on patients, monitor symptoms and discuss the side effects of medication. Diabetes (糖尿病) is also a good fit: people can upload blood sugar levels, dosing, and other information for a doctor to review electronically.
Mental health service is easy to access digitally, too, though it comes with advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, doctors may not be able to see body language, which can sometimes be a clue to understanding a client’s well being, and a poor Internet connection can be particularly unfavorable during a difficult conversation. On the other hand, there are patients who like it better. “Some health care providers even say having that extra bit of distance makes people more honest and less stressed to talk about difficult topics,” says Annette Totten, a professor who has studied telehealth.
When done right, Totten’s research shows telehealth benefits both health care providers and patients. It can significantly reduce hospital admissions, which frees beds for people in need of special care. And it’s a lot more convenient for patients, adds Michelle Greiver, a family doctor.
1. How is the medicine industry changing?A.convenient | B.popular | C.difficult | D.digital |
A.Heart attack | B.High fever | C.Uncomfortable eye | D.Back injury |
A.Because it reduces their pressure. |
B.Because it saves them transportation cost. |
C.Because it saves them time on the road. |
D.Because it makes it easier for them to contact the doctor. |
A.Negative. | B.Supportive. | C.Doubtful. | D.Uncertain. |
A.application | B.effects | C.development | D.advantages |
9 . Some kind of disaster happened in our home. It had a huge
I was raised in the pre-Wi-Fi time, so I was relatively
For the children, a major challenge was homework, most of which is now given online, so the
My husband and I need the Internet to
Therefore, the changes that
A.effect | B.dependence | C.attack | D.impression |
A.guideline | B.tradition | C.way | D.custom |
A.addicted | B.used | C.grateful | D.suitable |
A.announcement | B.pressure | C.response | D.requirement |
A.excited | B.ashamed | C.eager | D.upset |
A.lack | B.appearance | C.benefit | D.influence |
A.poor | B.fun | C.new | D.old |
A.fixed up | B.cut off | C.brought down | D.taken away |
A.clearer | B.tougher | C.plainer | D.ruder |
A.force | B.encourage | C.send | D.enable |
A.differently | B.clearly | C.firmly | D.conveniently |
A.ensure | B.reserve | C.store | D.waste |
A.early | B.little | C.quickly | D.much |
A.information | B.technology | C.equipment | D.shock |
A.worst | B.missing | C.strange | D.bright |
10 . Liverpool, my hometown, is a unique city. It is so unique that in 2004 it became a World Heritage Site.
I recently returned to my home city and my first stop was at a museum on the River Mersey. Blanketed in mist, Victorian architecture rose from the banks of the river, responded to the sounds of seabirds, and appeared unbelievably charming. When I headed toward the centre, I found myself surrounded by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe. It is not hard to imagine why, on first seeing the city, most visitors would be overpowered by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid sigs of Liverpool’s history.
As if to stress its cultural role, Liverpool has more museums and galleries than most cities in Britain. At Walker Art Gallery, I was told that it has the best collections of Victorian paintings in the world, and is the home of modern art in the north of England. However, culture is more than galleries. Liverpool offers many music events. As Britain’s No. 1 music city, it has the biggest city music festival in Europe, and its musicians are famous all over the world. Liverpool is also well-known for its football and other sports events. Every year, the Mersey River Festival attracts thousands of visitors, making the city a place of wonder.
As you would expect from such a city, there are restaurants serving food from around the world. When my trip was about to complete, I chose to rest my legs in Liverpool’s famous Philharmonic pub. It is a monument to perfection, and a heritage attraction itself.
Being a World Heritage Site, my home city is certainly a place of “outstanding universal value”. It is a treasure house with plenty of secrets for the world to explore.
1. Which part of Liverpool would deeply impress first-time visitors?A.Its charming river banks. | B.Its famous museums. |
C.Its attractive buildings. | D.Its wonderful palaces. |
A.By providing different examples. | B.By following the order of space. |
C.By making comparisons. | D.By stressing its importance. |
A.To indicate the end of his trip. | B.To expect perfect service. |
C.To show more attraction. | D.To recommend a break from the trip. |
A.The universal value of the world heritage in Liverpool. |
B.The special cultural atmosphere of Liverpool. |
C.The exciting change of the author’s hometown. |
D.The promising tourism in the author’s hometown. |