1 . Double rainbows are one thing, but a double aurora (极光)? They can happen, though some kinds are rare. One particular red-and-green aurora is especially confusing. Now, images taken by amateur astronomers may help reveal its secrets.

Citizen scientists living in Canada and Finland used cameras to document an unusual combination of auroras in the night sky. Physicists have studied those images to learn what may have caused the unusual light show.

Alan Dyer was outside his home in Strathmore, Canada, when the dancing Northern Lights caught his attention. He grabbed his camera and started filming. "I knew I had something interesting," says Dyer. At first glance, the double aurora looks like a floating slice of watermelon. The green aurora is well-understood. The fruity looking red st rip is more mysterious. Scientists have known about these red auroras for decades. But there's no agreement on how they form. One idea is that Earth's magnetic field can heat up certain areas of the atmosphere. That heat could knock particles (粒子) around, like in proton (质子) rain.

Researchers had seen these two types of auroras occur together before. But it was always mysterious, says Toshi Nishimura, a space physicist at Boston University. After looking at satellite observations along with the images taken by Dyer and others, Nishimura and his team concluded how the two phenomena might be related. The key is the thin rays in the red aurora. They mark the paths of electrons falling through the Earth's magnetic field. That means electron rain appears to cause the red aurora, just as proton rain causes the green one. Both get powered by the solar wind. But the electrons carry less energy than the protons, so they make for a more reddish color.

Electron rain might not be the only way to produce the stable red auroras, though. The results show that what's going on is more complicated than researchers had thought. The auroras Dyer saw could be danger zones for radio communication and GPS systems, says Nishimura.

The citizen scientists who took the photos were a critical part of the new findings, Nishimura says.

3 . Financial trouble had distanced us from the life that was. We decided to _________ our home. But first, we’d have to deal with two hugely _________ hollies (冬青树) that have overtaken the front of the house.

We called landscapers (园艺师). The news wasn’t _________. 20-plus years of neglect left us with only two _________: Let them be or tear them out. The idea of cutting off all that life just for a better view _________ us. We have never owned any green thing that grew well, except for those crazy hollies. But we still scheduled the _________.

Over the two weeks before cutting, though, the trees _________ me. So I emailed one last landscaper. I pinned my hopes on that. Daria came to our front lawn and said, “These can’t be trimmed (修剪).” “The trunks are too _________,” she added. “I can cut them down to about 2 feet of trunk and see if they’ll grow.”

See if they’ll grow? Months? Years? I said nothing, but Daria could read our _________. “If nothing happens,” she said, “we’ll get you some new ones.” We gave her the green light.

But weeks later, I __________ the front bed. Three or four bunches of tiny leaves __________ from one trunk. It was the __________ of small, good things arriving.

Each day, they made us smile, __________ us to have patience and gave us hope that all of us have the __________ to heal. For that, we thank those quiet, strong hollies, now __________ to the spring, as we look forward to starting fresh.

7 . According to the “Geophysical Research Letters” published on the latest research from the North Pole shows that the Aretic is warming at more than four times the rate of global warming. Climate change has not only brought about an increase in the global average temperature, but also led to the trend of frequent, widespread, strong and concurrent extreme weather and climate events.

Greenland is the largest island in the world. About 3/4 of the area is within the Aretic Circle, and 81% of the area is covered by ice and snow. Greenland’s annual average temperature is below 0℃, and the absolute minimum temperature of the coldest month in the coldest central plateau area reaches minus 70℃, which is the second “cold pole” on earth to Antarctica.

Recently, CNN reported that “due to the continuous high temperature in Europe, the large ice sheet above Greenland has shown signs of melting, and the situation is getting worse. In just 3 days, the average daily the amount of ice melted is as high as 6 billion tons.” The melting water during this period is enough to cover 30.48 cm of West Virginia, USA.

At present, the probability of abnormally high temperature in more than 80% of the world is increasing, which is mainly related to the increase in global carbon dioxide emissions. In fact, over the past century, as humans have increased their use of fossil fuels, rising temperatures have made heat waves more frequent.

Secondly, the heat island effect is also an important reason for the increase of urban temperature. People will increasingly use air conditioners to cool down. The main unit of the air conditioner emits heat to the outside, which is equivalent to forming a cycle, causing the temperature in the city to get higher and higher.

Professor Otto, a climate scientist at Imperial College London, said: “In a few decades, this summer may be quite cool.”

8 . Wildlife experts are asking Australians to drive carefully to avoid unnecessary roadkill as native animal numbers drop following years of natural disasters.

Kristie Newton from WIRES said the recent floods across Eastern Queensland and New South Wales could lead to an increase in animal roadkill accidents with wildlife on the move. “This year it might be even worse because they’re traveling a bit further to find food,” Newton said. “Important food sources like grasses have become less and less, forcing many animals to move outside their habitat in search of food, and turn up in unusual places.”

“The fires killed millions and millions of native animals, and now we’ve had the floods. So it’s important that we try and protect what animals we’ve got left.” the wildlife expert said. The 2019-20 bushfires in Australia have affected nearly three billion animals.

According to AAMI Insurance, more than ten percent of all animal roadkill accidents happen in May. More than 15,500 AAMI animal collision claims last year showed that central Victoria’s Heathcote was the country’s most dangerous place for wild animals. Victoria was also the worst state for animal roadkill, with almost one third of animal accidents taking place on Victorian roads. New South Wales and Queensland followed closely behind.

Newton said moving a dead animal off the road can be a good way to prevent unnecessary death. “Birds also come down and feed on those bodies, and we see a lot of them get hit when doing that.” She is also encouraging drivers to do the right thing if they hit an animal. “Please pull over where it is safe to check whether the animal is injured,” said Newton. “For your own safety never set close to an adult kangaroo, even if it’s injured.”

10 . The curtain has come down on the “2022 My Spring Festival in Shanghai” and “The Shanghai story-telling activity-epidemic (流行病) prevention and control” short-video contests, initiated by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily in August 2022. The contests have actively attracted thousands of international and Chinese students from many universities. The original work of the short-video producers in Shanghai depicted various parts of this metropolitan (大都市的) city.

Behind the scenes, international students spent the Spring Festival with local Chinese friends, and thousands of young people supported Shanghai during the coronavirus outbreak.

“Filming short videos gave me a more grateful perspective on life. Using experience gained in the past, we can work together to create a brighter future,” said Yiqing Hu from Fudan University.

“The video I produced for the short video contest, featured a whole range of emotions, from despair to joy. Through the experience, I learned the full nature of life under epidemic controls.” Ruonan Lu said, a student from Fudan University.

“The Shanghai story-telling activity” has displayed China’s culture, Shanghai’s humanities, technological innovations and ability to hold international people-to-people exchanges.

The event saw local members of young people coming together to discuss youth responsibilities during the complex epidemic prevention and control situation. The activity is hosted by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily, which have together formed s type of International Communication.

This Shanghai strategic communication organization focuses on accurately communicating China’s culture and message to the rest of the world. It’s hoped that better methods of communication will make it possible to construct a global community with a shared future for humankind.