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文章大意:这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四几酒店的条件、位置价格等,方便游客选择入住。

1 . The following is the information of some excellent hotels at the famous resort (度假胜地) for skiers in Italy.   


Hotel Ela

£550 per person

The hotel Ela lies in the center of the resort, only 100 m from the main ski lift and 300 m from the ski school meeting point. It is ideal for those who prefer a hotel which is very close to all the resort’s action.

Rooms (2-4 people): Twin rooms with cable TV, hairdryer, shower and WC. All rooms have recently been redecorated.


Hotel Sport

£540 per person

It is near shops, bars and restaurants. The hotel is a great choice for those looking for lively nightlife. The famous bar is just on the ground floor.

Rooms (2-4 people): All rooms are located on the 2nd and 3rd floors and have hairdryer, mini-safe, satellite TV, shower and WC.

Please note: This hotel doesn’t accept groups larger than 6 people.


Hotel Xalet Verdu

£559 per person

It is an attractive hotel decorated in the traditional style and offers comfortable accommodation. The atmosphere is welcoming. It is 300m from the main ski lift and the village center.

Garage: £10 a day

64 rooms: Twin or double bedrooms with shower, hairdryer, satellite TV, telephone and safe.


Villa Cary Hotel

£540 per person

The Villa Cary is a small but well located hotel with comfortable rooms for two people making it ideal for couples. You’re guaranteed a warm welcome from the English owner.

Rooms (2 people): Pleasantly furnished double bedrooms with cable TV, mini-safe and bathrooms with shower and WC.

1. What is the benefit of staying in Hotel Ela?
A.It’s the cheapest of all the hotels.
B.It’s the best among all the hotels.
C.It’s convenient for the resort’s activities.
D.It has rooms with cable TV and a hairdryer.
2. What is the characteristic of Hotel Sport?
A.Guests can enjoy the exciting nightlife there.
B.All its rooms have just been redecorated.
C.It sometimes offers free accommodation.
D.It is the largest of all the hotels.
3. How much should you pay to use a garage for a week in Hotel Xalet Verdu?
A.£90.B.£70.C.£30.D.£10.
4. Which hotel is probably the best choice for a couple on their honeymoon?
A.Hotel Ela.B.Hotel Sport.
C.Villa Cary Hotel.D.Hotel Xalet Verdu.
5. Which of the hotels is the most expensive?
A.Hotel Ela.B.Hotel Sport.
C.Villa Cary Hotel.D.Hotel Xalet Verdu.
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是牛津大学的研究人员进行的一项关于笑声的研究,目的是为了探索笑声在人类社会形成中的影响。

2 . It is often said the laughter is the best medicine. But researchers at the University of Oxford think the ability to belly laughs (捧腹大笑) was unique to early humans. This, they believe, made our ancestors (祖先) able to form much larger groups.

The researchers first tested the pain thresholds (临界值) of some volunteers. They divided them into two groups. One group was shown15 minutes of comedy videos, while the other was shown boring programs.

Through this experiment, the researchers found that those who had recently experienced belly laughs were able to withstand (忍受) up to 10% more pain than they had done before watching the videos. To their surprise, the scientists also found that the other group was less able to withstand pain after watching 15 minutes of the “boring” programs.

Professor Robin Dunbar of Oxford University, who led the research, believed that belly laughs release chemicals called endorphins (安多芬) into the body which make us feel less painful.

However, not all comedy programs had such effects, according to Prof Dunbar. For example, though clever stand-up comedy was found to be enjoyable, it had no effect on raising pain thresholds. “Things that worked very well were interesting comedies such as Mr. Bean. Situation comedies such as Friends also seemed to be particularly successful,” he added.

In order to measure (测量) endorphin levels, the researchers put a bag of ice on the volunteers’ arms to see how long they could withstand them. They found that the greater the increase in pain thresholds, the greater the amount of endorphins produced.

The purpose of Prof Dunbar’s study was not to develop a new treatment. Instead, it was to study the role of laughter in the forming of human societies two million years ago.

“The next stage will be to see whether laughing really allows people to keep together and work as a group better and be more friendly towards each other. If that is the case, then it may explain why some two million years ago, the first humans were able to form large communities of up to 100,” Dunbar added.

1. Prof Dunbar’s study was to __________.
A.test the pain thresholds of humans
B.measure the endorphin levels while laughing
C.develop a new kind of medicine that reduces pain
D.explore the influence of laughter in forming human societies
2. In order to withstand more pain, we’d better _________ .
A.watch some scary filmsB.watch some beautiful pictures
C.watch some boring programsD.watch some comedy videos
3. The meaning of the underlined word “release” in the passage may be ________.
A.look outB.stand outC.find outD.give out
4. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A.More experiments about laughter will be carried out.
B.Laughter makes people keep together and work as a group.
C.People who laugh a lot are more friendly towards each other.
D.The first humans could only form small communities less than 100.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约260词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个值得去旅游的国家。

3 . There are some amazing places to visit across the world, so get ready to put clothes into a bag in preparation for a trip away from home.


Italy

Italy continues to delight and no matter how many times you may have visited, there’s always something new to uncover. Discover beautiful lakeside towns near Lake Garda, Italy’s largest lake—it’s also the perfect base if you’re looking to take tours to the wonderful cities of Venice and Verona.


Spain

Whether it’s the wonderful Spanish weather you’re after, or to experience the country’s culture, cuisine (菜肴), art and history, there’s something for everyone in this fantastic place. There are also plenty of tours from Tenerife, with Mount Teide and the UNESCO World Heritage Site (联合国教科文组织世界遗产地) of San Cristeóbal de La Laguna in easy distance for a visit.


Portugal

From the noticeable city of Porto to the beautiful beaches of the Algarve, whether you want to enjoy culture or relaxation, you’ll find it all and more with a trip to Portugal. Holidays to the Algarve are some of the most popular in Europe and for good reason. It is an area full of fascinating culture and history, charming towns and villages and superb cuisine.


Malta

It is one of the smallest countries in the world, but Malta is a huge shock. With a fascinating mixture of history, culture, golden sandy beaches and wonderful weather, it’s a place just waiting to be explored.

1. What is special about Italy?
A.It has a long history.B.There are golden sandy beaches.
C.It has fascinating culture and history.D.There are many towns built near Lake Garda.
2. Which of the following country covers the least area?
A.Italy.B.Spain.C.Portugal.D.Malta.
3. Who is the text intended for?
A.People who like to travel.B.People who like to eat.
C.People who love animals.D.People who walk on the beach.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约300词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个新的科学发现即在学校周围增加更多的绿地可能有助于学生发展一些智力能力。

4 . Putting more green space around a school may help students develop some mental abilities, a study suggests. Researchers tested students repeatedly over the course of a year on attentiveness (专注力)and working memory, which is the ability to keep something in mind temporarily for performing a task. On the whole, students whose schools were surrounded by more green space improved more than pupils from schools with less green space.

The study tracked more than 2,000 students in 36 primary schools in Barcelona, Spain. The pupils were in the second to fourth grades when the study began. Green space may help mental development by reducing air pollution from vehicles, according to an article by the researchers that included pollution data from the schools. It may also help by reducing noise and encouraging physical activity, researchers said.

Policy makers should know that “more green around the school is better for cognitive development and that they should make sure that kids can see and play in green areas,” one author Mark Nieuwenhuijsen said. “Existing urban schools should think about replacing concrete or other hard surfaces with green space,” he suggested, “and even a few trees may help.”

The researchers used satellite images to group schools according to how much green space appeared on the school grounds and within about 55 yards of the school property. Their analysis showed that differences in socio-economic factors between schools did not account for the study outcome.

Sally Augustin, a psychologist, said the results made sense to her. She said the results fit with previous findings that views of nature help children and adults lower stress and perform mental tasks better.

1. What does the text mainly tell us?
A.Green space makes schools more beautiful.
B.Schools are lack of green space for students.
C.Students’ mental abilities need to be improved.
D.Green space is good for students’ mental abilities.
2. What does the underlined word “tracked” mean in paragraph 2?
A.Moved.B.Helped.C.Followed.D.Found.
3. What did Mark Nieuwenhuijsen suggest?
A.More trees should be planted for kids.
B.Noise should be cleared near the school.
C.Kids should be encouraged to play more sports.
D.Air pollution should be reduced from vehicles.
4. Why is Augustin mentioned in the text?
A.To show a different opinion.
B.To introduce another interesting study.
C.To present Augustin’s view about the study.
D.To make the findings of the study more convincing.
5. In which column of a website can we probably read the text?
A.Health.B.Education.C.Nature.D.Technology.
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5 . Windows open? Fans on? Ready for another water break? For schools across Greater Toronto, the extremely hot temperatures provided some lessons in how to beat the heat—or at least attempt to—without air conditioning. It wasn’t easy. With some classroom temperatures getting close to 40℃—one teacher even handed out temperature meters to see how hot it got—both students and educators were red-faced and bathed with sweat all day.

The extreme weather had some parents wondering if their children should be spending most of the day inside hot schools, and a few chose to keep them home. Very few schools across Greater Toronto are air-conditioned. There are no rules or requirements that schools shut down as the temperature rises.

At Bowmore public school, near Coxwell Ave. and Gerrard St. E, teachers arrive at 7 am and open all the doors and windows to circulate fresh air. The windows at the school, replaced in stages over the past few years, swing in at the top, and out at the bottom to provide better air flow.

“Is it hot? Yes. Is it something that makes us feel uncomfortable? Yes,” said Headmaster Lilian Hanson. Despite that, she said she’d never advocate for air conditioners in schools, which are expensive and would consume the city’s electric power. She’d rather see more gardens, more trees—more natural solutions, more sustainable choices.

“We are teaching kids to make good choices,” she said. “Social responsibility is the key.” Students from kindergarten to Grade 8 seek pleasant places under trees and in the outdoor peaceful garden during the break time between classes and after school as the trees there provide much-needed shade. Teachers also take classes with students out there during the day. And kids do get the message about staying cool. Students are reminded to dress in cool clothing. When Hanson arrived at work in a dark-colored dress, a student asked her: “What were you thinking wearing a black dress on a day like today?”

1. What can be learned about the new windows at Bowmore public school?
A.They can let air in and out continuously.
B.They can let more light in.
C.They can stop the noise.
D.They can collect rains.
2. Why was Lilian Hanson against fixing air conditioners in schools?
A.She thought the heat bearable.
B.The schools hadn’t enough money.
C.The city lacked enough power.
D.She was concerned more about environment.
3. How did the student feel after seeing Hanson in a dark-colored dress?
A.Frightened.B.Puzzled.C.Embarrassed.D.Interested.
4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A.The students enjoy studying outdoors.
B.The school is unfriendly to the students.
C.The school beats the heat in different ways.
D.The students are free to learn anything they like.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍欧洲将逐步使用可再生资源替代化石燃料发电。

6 . Europeans got more of their electricity from renewable sources than fossil fuels for the first time last year, according to an annual report from Ember and Agora Energiewende.

The report, which has been tracking European Union’s power sector since 2015, found that renewables delivered 38% of electricity last year, compared to 37% delivered by fossil fuels.

The shift comes as other sources, such as wind and solar power, have risen in the European Union. Both sources have nearly doubled since 2015, and as of last year accounted for one-fifth of electricity generation in EU countries, the report found. It’s also the reason why coal power declined 20% last year, making up only 13% of electricity generated in Europe.

“Rapid growth in wind and solar has forced coal into decline, but this is just the beginning,” said Dave Jones, senior electricity analyst for Ember and lead author on the report, in a statement. “Europe is relying on wind and solar to ensure not only coal is phased out by 2030, but also to phase out gas generation, replace closing nuclear power plants, and to meet rising electricity demand from electric cars and heat pumps.”

Last year’s COVID-19 lockdown measures resulted in less demand for electricity across the globe. European demand decreased by 4% in 2020, according to the report, which said COVID trends had no effect on the growth of renewable energy sources. Since 2015, Europe’s electricity emissions recorded a historic decline, becoming 29% cleaner, the report noted.

The milestone follows commitments from EU leaders last month to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 55% from 1990 levels by 2030. In the United States, their counterparts (同身份的人) successfully developed renewable energy to overtake coal consumption in recent years. Last May, renewable energy sources were consumed more than coal for the first time since 1885.

“Post-pandemic economic recovery must not slow down climate action,” said Patrick Graichen, director of Agora Energiewende, in a statement. “We therefore need strong climate policies — such as in the Green Deal — to ensure steady progress.”

1. What happened in EU countries according to the first three paragraphs?
A.The use of renewables declined by 38% last year.
B.20% of electricity was generated by renewables last year.
C.Fossil fuels were no longer used to generate electricity.
D.Coal power made up just 13% of electricity generation last year.
2. Which of the following does Dave Jones agree with?
A.Cutting greenhouse gas emissions forced coal into decline.
B.Coal consumption is phased out due to rapid growth in wind and solar.
C.More nuclear power plants should be built to meet electricity demand.
D.Fossil fuels will eventually be abandoned in European countries.
3. What happened after the COVID-19 lockdown according to the passage?
A.The demand for renewables decreased across the globe.
B.Electricity consumption dropped to a historic record.
C.The growth in wind and solar power was hardly influenced.
D.The economy was making steady progress.
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?
A.To compare renewable sources with fossil fuels.
B.To report on electricity generation in Europe.
C.To emphasize recovery in post-pandemic era.
D.To advocate strong climate policies in Europe.
完形填空(约290词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。地球母亲无私给予我们生活居住的地方,为我们提供各种各样的资源,我们不能认为理所当然,应该懂得感恩,并介绍了一种感恩的方法。

7 . Just as we take care of our friends and families, our homes and Mother Earth take care of us. Our homes give us a place of shelter that ________ between us and the rest of the world. The earth is a(n) _________ giver of life and the keeper of our physical and spiritual needs. Her rich ________ bring us up, give us air, and offer us cooling shade. Her waters ________ our thirst. Yet it is easy to take both of these wonderful _________ for granted. ________ the thanks you feel toward your home and Mother Earth for the gifts each   ________   you. It can help you stay   ________ of where many of the gifts in your life come from. Each time you give thanks, you’ll be ________ of the importance of caring for your home and for Mother Earth. There is a simple and beautiful _________ you can find to show your thanks. Begin by finding a ________ place where you can be alone. Sit comfortably and breathe deeply ________ you feel relaxed and then read the following out loud:

“Thank you, home, for allowing me to live ________ your walls. Thank you for allowing me to stay strong and ________ me. Thank you, Mother Earth, for the land I ________ on and farm. Thank you, plants, minerals (矿物质), and animals on the land for allowing me to ________ your beauty and your amazement of life, and for the ________ of living with all of you on this earth. Thank you for the wisdom and       ________ you bring to us.”

You can do so as often as you like and anytime you feel particularly thankful for the many gifts that you have ________. Each time you do this, you’ll strengthen your connection with all that _________ and supports you.

1.
A.bendB.handleC.reactD.stand
2.
A.unselfishB.skillfulC.cheerfulD.amazing
3.
A.animalsB.oceansC.plantsD.waters
4.
A.promoteB.showC.influenceD.satisfy
5.
A.sourcesB.memoriesC.powerD.strength
6.
A.ExpressB.AcceptC.BanD.Deserve
7.
A.attacksB.attractsC.appreciatesD.provides
8.
A.fondB.awareC.informedD.confident
9.
A.accusedB.robbedC.warnedD.reminded
10.
A.roadB.wordC.wayD.place
11.
A.safeB.dullC.quietD.public
12.
A.thoughB.becauseC.unlessD.until
13.
A.besideB.beyondC.withinD.in
14.
A.admittingB.supportingC.challengingD.surviving
15.
A.liveB.callC.focusD.feed
16.
A.examineB.explainC.experienceD.describe
17.
A.adventureB.wisdomC.lossD.honor
18.
A.angerB.worryC.joyD.desire
19.
A.broughtB.purchasedC.exchangedD.received
20.
A.shocksB.monitorsC.protectsD.follows
阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了在尼泊尔首都加德满都,Bancharedanda的村民抗议政府没有采取足够措施保护他们免受垃圾的侵害,封堵了通往城外垃圾填埋场的道路拒绝让垃圾车进入,导致大量垃圾堆满了街道。

8 . Large amounts of waste, or garbage, are filling streets in Nepal’s capital, Kathmandu, after protesters blocked a road leading to a landfill outside the city. People in Bancharedanda where the garbage is kept blame the government for not doing enough to protect them from the waste.

One British tourist, Richard McSorley, recently talked about the problem. He remembered how clean Kathmandu was when he first visited it many years ago. “If I were a new tourist, I would be despondent now,” McSorley said, while pointing to a load of garbage next to a city street. For weeks, treatment of waste has been a continuous problem in the city surrounded by hills. The problems started after people in the village of Bancharedanda refused to have the garbage thrown at a nearby landfill.

Biswas Dhungana was one of the protesters. He said the villagers were refusing to permit trucks loaded with garbage to enter. They say government officials have done little to provide basic equipment and effective ways to deal with the garbage. He added, “We have been forced to live like pigs in terrible conditions for several years as the government has not done anything to keep the village clean.”

Last week, hundreds of villagers built a wall of rocks on the road leading to Bancharedanda. It forced about 200 trucks filled with Kathmandu’s garbage to return without dumping their load. It was said that protesters also threw stones from surrounding hills.

Sunil Lamsal is an official to watch over how Kathmandu’s garbage is treated. He said, “I am working to deal with the concerns of the locals in Bancharedanda. But now, garbage continues to grow on the streets of Kathmandu. This has led to increased danger for people living in the capital. In the light of it, the government will soon take further positive measures to tackle the problem, as the environment affects every family.”

1. How does the author begin the text?
A.By listing statistics.B.By asking questions.
C.By describing a phenomenon.D.By drawing a comparison.
2. What does the underlined word “despondent” in paragraph 2mean?
A.Disappointed.B.Dependent.C.Dynamic.D.Disabled.
3. Who were to blame in the eyes of the protesters?
A.Government officials.B.Foreign visitors.
C.City residents.D.Truck drivers.
4. What is Sunil Lamsal trying to do?
A.Punish the protesters.B.Meet the villagers’ demand.
C.Stop the villagers’ illegal actions.D.Urge every family to clean their village.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。所有的山民都能活到很老吗?喝葡萄酒,而不是啤酒,会产生阳光和开放的气质吗?一个肯尼亚部落的力量和身高是因为他们习惯喝牛血吗?作者认为这些老生常谈的概括我们所遇到的人的类型是不够的:气候和地理的影响应该深入研究。

9 . A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence of geography and climate on the psychological and physical health of mankind. There seems no doubt that the general character of the landscape, the relative length of day and night, and the climate must all play a big part in determining what kind of people we are.

It is true that a few studies have been made. Where all the inhabitants of a particular area enjoy exceptionally good or bad health, scientists have identified contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substances like iodine, fluoride, calcium, or iron in the water supply, or perhaps types of land that provide breeding places for pests like mosquitoes or rats.

Moreover, we can all generalize about types of people we have met. Those living in countries with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and less vivacious than inhabitants of countries where the climate is more equable (稳定的). And where the olive and the orange grow, there the inhabitants are cheerful, talkative, and spontaneous.

But these commonplace generalizations are inadequate: the influence of climate and geography should be studied in depth. Do all mountain dwellers live to a ripe old age? Does the drinking of wine, rather than beer, result in a sunny and open temperament? Is the strength and height of one of the Kenyan tribes due to their habitual drinking of the blood of cows?

We are not yet sure of the answers to such questions, but let us hope that something of benefit to mankind may eventually result from such studies.

1. The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to____________.
A.alert readers to the scarcity of natural resources
B.call for more research on the influence of geographical environment
C.introduce different elements in character cultivation
D.draw more attention to the health condition of mankind
2. It can be inferred that proper amounts of iodine, fluoride and calcium can____________.
A.benefit people’s physical healthB.influence the quality of water supply
C.help provide breeding places for pestsD.strengthen a person’s character
3. How does the author evaluate the generalizations of people’s types in Paragraph3?
A.Such generalizations help us judge the different characters of people we meet.
B.Such generalizations are not inclusive enough to draw a convincing conclusion.
C.Such generalizations prove that nature plays an important role in determining social habits.
D.Such generalizations show that there are mainly two different types of people on the planet.
4. What do we know about the generalizations of people’s types?
A.People who like drinking wine tend to be optimistic.
B.People who live in mountain areas tend to have a long life.
C.People who live in areas with stable climate tend to be talkative and lively.
D.People who like drinking cow blood tend to be strong and tall.
2023-10-22更新 | 23次组卷 | 2卷引用:冀教版2019选择性必修四 Unit 5 Humankind and? Nature Section 4 Expanding Our Horizons 单元测试
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文章大意:本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一株蒲公英因为无人关注而感到很沮丧。一天,因为一位母亲借助蒲公英让自己的孩子很开心,这让蒲公英觉得自己的人生有了意义。

10 . Once there was a dandelion (蒲公英) living alone by the road. It felt bored and sad all day as no one ever stopped to take a look at or talk to it.

One day, a mother was walking on the road with her baby. The baby was crying hard and loudly. No matter what the mother did, she couldn’t get the baby to stop crying. Then the mother looked down, and she found the lonely dandelion. It looked so lovely in the sun with its white seeds widely open, and more beautiful than other plants around.

The mother squatted down, (蹲下) picking the dandelion softly. Then she brought it up to her baby so that he could see it clearly. When the baby saw the flowers of the dandelion, he quickly stopped crying and looked at them with interest.

His mom put the dandelion near her mouth and blew the flowers up and down. The dandelion seeds then flew in the air, spreading far away with the wind. The mother gave the dandelion to her son. He didn’t know what the plant was, but he knew it was fun to play with, which made him giggle (咯咯笑) so happily.

Now the dandelion knew its value and didn’t feel sad. It lived a beautiful life just by being itself. It wasn’t as beautiful as other flowers, but it brought the child a simple kind of happiness that money can’t buy.

The dandelion’s story tells us that everyone is special and great. We can help others in one way or another. We’re far greater than we think we are.

1. Why did the dandelion feel lonely at first?
A.Because no one noticed it .B.Because it left its mother.
C.Because it lived by the road.D.Because it had no friends.
2. Which words can best describe the mother?
A.Kind and honest.B.Friendly and helpful.
C.Patient and careful.D.Beautiful and funny.
3. The dandelion felt happy at last because_______.
A.it could travel fartherB.it found its value
C.it was powerful againD.it had more seeds than before
4. What does the story tell us?
A.Great minds think alike.
B.Two heads are better than one.
C.Rome was not built in a day.
D.All things in their being are good for something.
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