1 . Researchers in Australia, who studied 1,500 people and their lifestyles, have found that having good friends can help you live longer. An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, also found that if you make more friends than the average (普通的) person at school, you’ll receive a higher salary (工资) in later life. People need good social skills at work to manage people and work in a team successfully. These are the same skills we use to make friends at school.
On average, teenagers aged between 15 and 17 have 500 “friends” on their favourite social networking site. Adults (成年人) have 130. So if you believe this research, you might live for a long time and be very rich.
However, according to Professor Robin Dunbar from the University of Oxford, it probably won’t make any difference. Dunbar studied the number of messages between users of a popular social networking website, each of whom had between 200 and 2,000 friends. He found that they always communicate with a maximum (最大量) of 150 people.
Among these 150, Dunbar believes that around five people are close friends. You’ve most likely known them for a long time; they are probably old friends and you share all your good and bad experiences with them. Then there are ten more friends. Although they’re close to you, you may not keep in touch with them every week. Next there are 35 people who you might spend time with because of a shared interest. You aren’t close. And finally, there’s a large group of 100. You see or speak to these people at least once a year, but you don’t know them well. Beyond (超过) this number, Dunbar says, it’s impossible to make any relationship meaningful.
If you have a lot of online “friends”, try this experiment: First take away anyone you haven’t been in touch with for a year. Then remove people you can’t remember and, finally, take away friends who you wouldn’t mind losing touch with. How many do you have left? How many of these people are actually good friends? According to the research, these are the only people that really matter.
1. What are the studies mentioned in the first paragraph mainly about?A.The number of friends you should have. |
B.The advantages of having a lot of friends. |
C.Some social skills you may need at work. |
D.Some useful advice on how to make friends. |
A.are likely to spend more money |
B.may not be as popular at work |
C.seem to get betterpaid jobs |
D.will work harder in later years |
A.10. | B.35. |
C.100. | D.150. |
A.You need to spend more time with your friends. |
B.There is a lot of research on the influence of friends. |
C.Friends are sometimes more important than family. |
D.It’s more important to have good friends than lots of friends. |
2 . The Seychelles — that remote island chain off the coast of northern Africa is heaven for scuba divers (水肺潜水). With more than 100 islands, most of which are uninhabited, and a relatively small amount of tourists impacting the oceans and beaches, the Seychelles has some truly best scuba diving.
Fisherman’s Cove Reef
If you’re a beginner diver who loves gentle drop-offs and sea turtles, make sure Fisherman’s Cove Reef is on your scuba diving radar. The site is very popular as there’s rarely a current, it’s very shallow, and has a colorful reef with everything from eagle rays to small leaf fish, which can be very difficult to find against the seagrass and coral.
Ennerdale Wreck
If you love wreck diving, head right for the Ennerdale, a British oil tanker that accidentally sunk in 1970. Because of the medium-to-strong current and depth, it’s for divers with advanced open water cert. They’ll be able to swim around the wreck’s propellers, penetrate the frame, and likely see reef sharks and the occasional bull shark.
Baie Ternay Marine Park
The shallow, protected area of ocean has healthy and varied coral, and a lively reef. Both snorkelers and beginner divers are likely to see sea turtles grazing on the seagrass, coaching reef fish, and small eels poking out of the sandy ocean floor.
Aldabra Atoll
It doesn’t get much more remote than the Aldabra Atoll, a UNESCO site. The coral reef continues underwater, which makes all the island’s dive sites stunning. Advanced divers can do drift dives in a channel with a chance of seeing sharks, while beginners can stay closer to the reefs, checking the various species of marine life in the Indian Ocean off their must-see list. The island is home to nearly 100,000 giant tortoises, as well as several other rare species
1. Why is the Seychelles known as heaven for scuba divers?A.Its close distance to northern Africa. | B.The high chance to spot the fish in the region. |
C.Its relatively small number of inhabited islands. | D.The effect of the oceans and beaches on tourism. |
A.The chance to see a sunken ship under the ocean. | B.The numerous sharks and large marine creatures. |
C.Its remote location away from the main islands. | D.Its attraction to both snorkelers and divers. |
A.Aldabra Atoll. | B.Ennerdale Wreck. |
C.Fisherman’s Cove Reef. | D.Baie Ternay Marine Park. |
3 . The history of microbiology begins with Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s. Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses(放大镜)he used to examine cloth, built some of the first-microscopes. He developed technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. After removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”.
His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of microbes(微生物). Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the human eye. He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood. He gave the first description of red blood cells, observed plant tissue, examined muscle, and investigated the life cycle of insects.
Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhock’s discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoek’s original work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this legacy.
In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way: “My work, which I’ve done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therefore; whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.”
1. Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek?A.trained researcher with an interest in microbiology |
B.A curious amateur who made pioneer studies of microbes |
C.A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease |
D.A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery |
A.the discovery of microbes |
B.Pasteur’s theory of disease |
C.Leeuwenhoek’s contribution |
D.the origin of the tiny organism |
A.He admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance. |
B.He considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs. |
C.He was greatly concerned with improving people’s living conditions. |
D.He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress |
a. Magnifying lenses were built.
b. The “theory of disease” was put forward
c. Microbes were discovered in samples of waters.
d. Leeuwenhoek’s first microscopes were successfully developed.
e. Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution.
A.a-d-c-e-b | B.d-a-c-e-b | C.a-c-d-b-e | D.d-a-e-b-c |
4 . My mom loved to pass her wisdom to me: ”Nothing beats a good bite that bites back.” She was referring to her bitter-taste foods like dill pickles and rhubarb (大黄叶). But I was not a big fan.
Three years ago, I finally decided to ask if I could
When I was a kid and my mom gave me that pie, it made me
Then, last summer, I came across the
Since then I’ve come to a
A.dig | B.check | C.figure | D.smell |
A.Absolutely | B.Possibly | C.Basically | D.Technically |
A.warm | B.anxious | C.curious | D.sharp |
A.talent | B.affection | C.patience | D.ambition |
A.asking | B.weeding | C.assessing | D.walking |
A.makes for | B.takes in | C.breaks through | D.puts down |
A.admire | B.miss | C.ignore | D.question |
A.friend | B.doctor | C.parent | D.child |
A.grateful | B.content | C.guilty | D.reluctant |
A.enlarge | B.cancel | C.sweeten | D.postpone |
A.obtained | B.gathered | C.praised | D.avoided |
A.letter | B.bill | C.recipe | D.menu |
A.break | B.shot | C.second | D.rest |
A.resolution | B.suggestion | C.decision | D.conclusion |
A.appreciate | B.achieve | C.tolerate | D.provide |
5 . Some high school students think it useless to receive higher education. Therefore, they choose not to go to college. If you're one of them, think again. Here are some reasons why you should go to college and receive a good education there.
Schools and universities are the first places to get knowledge. We take that knowledge later on to build our careers after graduation. More knowledge will be gained after you start working, but without education, that job will not be within easy reach. Knowledge leads to knowledge.
While limited within the walls of the educational places, we openly explore other cultures of the world! We come to know that ours is not the only culture. Other cultures have valuable things to share, enriching our own. Education also makes us want to travel and exchange with various cultures, getting more experience.
When there's a recession in the economy(经济), those who attended college will be more likely to find a new job than those who only finished high school and have a limited skills set. The more education you have, the more chances you will get to improve the quality of your life as you have a better job and earn a higher salary.
When you're skillful and knowledgeable, you gain access to people of similar backgrounds and tastes. It means a good education leads to excellent networking. Good networking can benefit you a lot in your later life.
A good education makes you a more interesting person. You can talk about ideas and events instead of just other people and what's on sale in stores. An educated person doesn't gossip(说闲话), having a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.
1. What can we learn about college education from Paragraph 2?A.It offers you a chance to study abroad. | B.It can allow you to gain more knowledge. |
C.It can improve the quality of your daily life. | D.It encourages you to travel around the world. |
A.change. | B.drop. | C.growth. | D.support. |
A.You can gossip about others’ affairs. | B.You are likely to study well at school. |
C.You can work well with your coworkers. | D.You get to know excellent people with similar interests. |
A.The benefits of attending college. | B.The exchange with other cultures. |
C.The access to good networking. | D.The ways of college education. |
6 . On a sunny day last August,Daniel Malechuk opened the door to a 77,000-square-foot warehouse just outside Atlanta. Inside, under the soft glow of LED lights, grew five varieties of hydroponic (水培的) lettuce with nine levels high. A handful of employees were busy harvesting the greens. Their pace matched Malechuk’s ambition: to grow 10 million heads of lettuce by next spring.
If they succeed, Kalera, the vertical farming company that began operations here in April 2021, will not only have the largest-yield vertical (垂直的) farm in the Southeast, but will also be Georgia’s largest lettuce producer.
“This facility will produce 12 times as much lettuce in one year as the entire state can produce in the same amount of time,”Malechuk said. These farms, not dependent on specific weather patterns, can grow almost anywhere, cutting down transportation costs and associated emissions. And importantly, they operate more cleanly, without producing runoff from fertilizers or pesticides.
Malechuk, of Kalera farms, has said making his greens affordable is a top priority and that a head of Kalera lettuce sells for less than $3 in most stores. But there’s a catch: indoor farms rely on the artificial light of tens of thousands of LED lights. Add to that the energy needed for climate control, water circulation and other operations, and a farm like Malechuk’s can consume massive amounts of energy.
“The single largest challenge facing the industry is that it uses a huge amount of electricity,” said Julia Kurnik, director of innovation startups at the World Wildlife Fund. She said vertical farming involves a series of economic and environmental trade-offs (权衡). “It may not make sense everywhere, but if you’re in, say, the Middle East and you don’t have much land, but you can use renewable energy to power your farm, this may be a huge boon (益处).” She said the source of the energy is crucial to determining the net environmental impact.
Lowering vertical farms’ energy costs is one of the main goals at Signify, a Dutch LED lighting company, said Udo van Slooten, CEO of the Signify.
1. What may be a key factor for indoor farming?A.Weather. | B.Location. |
C.Energy. | D.Transportation. |
A.To lower the electricity costs. |
B.To make his greens cheaper. |
C.To become the largest lettuce producer. |
D.To protect the environment of the country. |
A.Supportive. | B.Objective. |
C.Doubtful. | D.Uncaring. |
A.Vertical Farms Are Finally Branching Out |
B.Kalera Succeeded in Growing Lettuce Indoors |
C.New Technologies Are Being Applied in Agriculture |
D.The Largest Challenge Facing Vertical Farming |
Official Ticketing Service | |
Welcome to the official Louvre online sales site The Musée du Louvre is reopening and we are glad to be able to welcome you back again. In line with the measures taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19, visitors will be required to wear a mask. According to government recommendations, all visitors to the Louvre aged 12 years and two months or older must show a Health Pass. All visitors, including those entitled to free admission, must book a time period. Please accept our apologies for the inconvenience. | |
Individual tickets for the Museum Admission and reservation of a time period to access the permanent collections. Tickets valid for the selected date only. Full list of visitors entitled to free admission at Louvre.fr. General admission: €18 | |
The Musée du Louvre is open every day — except Tuesdays, January 1, May 1 and December 25— from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm. Visitors will be asked to leave the exhibition rooms 30 minutes before closure. All tickets purchased online are time-stamped and nominative (记名的); you may therefore be asked to provide proof of identity. They are only valid for the service, date and time selected. They cannot be used to skip the queue but do guarantee access to the museum within half an hour of the time shown on the ticket. Any holder of an online ticket who does not arrive within the assigned time period for admission to the museum shall be subject to the same admission and waiting conditions as visitors without tickets. | |
Visitors entitled to free admission (other than Louvre members) —Under 18s, proof of ID required —16-25 year-old residents of the European Economic Area (European Union, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein), proof of ID and residency required Professionals —Teachers working in France, valid “Pass Education” required —Teachers of art, art history or the applied arts, valid proof of employment stating subject taught required —Artists with the Maison des Artistes or International Association of Art, valid proof required Other —Jobseekers, valid proof and ID required (dated within the last year or indicating a period of validity) —Disabled visitors and the person accompanying them |
A.introducing the exhibits at the Louvre |
B.providing ticketing information of the Louvre |
C.listing restrictions on admission to the Louvre |
D.clarifying the history of the Louvre |
A.€18 | B.€36 | C.€45 | D.€54 |
A.It is open every day except on Tuesdays. |
B.Its online tickets guarantee access to it at any time. |
C.Proof of ID is required for anyone buying its tickets online. |
D.Ticket holders may be refused to enter it if arriving an hour late. |
8 . At 28 years old, I lost my job as a full-time magazine editor. I’d always dreamed of becoming a self-employed writer, but I
Despite the fear I felt at
I’ve been working for myself full-time for two years. Not only am I happier thanks to a(n)
When it comes to big dreams, many of us plan out every last detail so that we feel
When Jennifer Qiao got
Never let over-planning get in the
A.enjoyed | B.imagined | C.started | D.suggested |
A.so | B.but | C.once | D.although |
A.diving into | B.carrying on | C.breaking up | D.letting out |
A.offer | B.option | C.application | D.judgement |
A.shared | B.treated | C.understood | D.faced |
A.strict | B.tight | C.flexible | D.ambitious |
A.chief | B.part-time | C.retired | D.salaried |
A.eager | B.grateful | C.prepared | D.regretful |
A.fired | B.employed | C.dressed | D.married |
A.born | B.forgotten | C.stolen | D.rejected |
A.plan | B.charge | C.market | D.deadline |
A.widely | B.quickly | C.secretly | D.officially |
A.business | B.challenge | C.organization | D.game |
A.adjusted | B.referred | C.contributed | D.grown |
A.form | B.way | C.beginning | D.middle |
9 . Although Cuban built a tech company that would finally make him extremely rich, he never showed off that. “I never, ever thought about
At the beginning, when Cuban sold his first company for 6 million dollars, he never thought he’d have to
Five years later, the stock (股票) he had was highly
I couldn’t agree more with Cuban’s views. A person’s life is short. We should make the best use of time to do meaningful things, so that we won’t
A.money | B.relief | C.jobs | D.companies |
A.equally | B.completely | C.purposely | D.naturally |
A.narrowness | B.dirt | C.time | D.age |
A.live | B.share | C.travel | D.work |
A.wise | B.suitable | C.impressive | D.free |
A.symbols | B.strategies | C.earnings | D.rents |
A.party | B.spend | C.challenge | D.tour |
A.valuable | B.formal | C.major | D.obvious |
A.sold | B.packed | C.held | D.buried |
A.formed | B.improved | C.broke | D.changed |
A.personality | B.lesson | C.path | D.solution |
A.puts away | B.takes down | C.works out | D.gets over |
A.create | B.donate | C.buy | D.own |
A.save | B.apply | C.understand | D.limit |
A.feature | B.regret | C.start | D.deliver |
10 . Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses. The old lady, Ray, was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the enthusiastic respondents in Welsh.
Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18, hence waving goodbye to her life in Wales. She continued to speak Welsh with her mum-keeping a little bit of home. But she lost her beloved mum four decades ago and hadn't spoken Welsh ever since.
Despite suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has done recently, Ray's childhood memories in Wales remain clear. “She wants to return but I know, given her age, such long-distance travel is out of the question.” said Keith, “Once she mentioned ‘I wish I could speak Welsh again but I suppose I never will.’ It was then that I thought I should make her wish happen.”
So Keith, 70, posted on social media in the New York Welsh area asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum. And he was touched, as well as a little shocked, to receive over 30 responses within half an hour. Keith thanked everyone and eventually asked Melisa to give his mum a phone call. “Speaking with Melisa, her (Ray's) Welsh was a little rusty. A few more Welsh conversations and I think she'd be fluent again,” added Keith.
“When you have a parent in their nineties, you will find you two have something in common: you're both old, so I am very sympathetic to my mother's feelings of loneliness and isolation (孤立). I'm feeling it myself.” Keith hopes to set up more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to remind her of her life in Wales.
1. Why did Keith post a message on social media?A.To gather American Welsh speakers. |
B.To help his mum speak Welsh again. |
C.To slow down his mum's memory loss. |
D.To track down his family's Welsh origin. |
A.Surprised and moved. | B.Concerned and thankful. |
C.Sympathetic and excited. | D.Astonished and isolated. |
A.Social media contribute to closer family ties. |
B.Mother tongue means more than a language. |
C.Childhood experiences shape one's later life. |
D.One will be more sensitive when getting older. |
A.A community noticeboard. |
B.A health magazine. |
C.A language-learning website. |
D.A local newspaper. |