1 . Optimism (乐观) doesn’t mean paying no attention to things that cause stress. But when bad things happen, optimistic people are less likely to be unhappy about themselves and more likely to see the bad things as something that lasts a short time.
A new research has found a direct connection between optimism and healthier diet and exercise behaviors, as well as better heart health, a stronger immune system (免疫系统), better lung function, and lower death risk. “Optimistic people, regardless of sex, often have goals and the confidence to reach them,” Lee said. “Those goals could include healthy habits that contribute to a longer life.”
Studies find only about 25% of our optimism is controlled by our genes (基因), and the rest is up to us. It turns out we can actually train our brain to be more positive. Researchers studied the brains of monks (僧侣) and found surprising results: Tens of thousands of hours of meditation(冥思) had changed the function (机能) of their brains, which support positive qualities. And that may be key in producing the effect on the body.
There are simple mental exercises to develop an optimistic attitude. One of the most effective ways to increase optimism is called the “Best Possible Self” method. That is to imagine ourselves in a future in which we have achieved all our life goals. And keeping a diary in which we list the positive experiences we had can also help shape our attitude. Taking a few minutes each day to write down what makes us thankful can improve our view on life, too.
1. What is the meaning of Lee’s words?| A．Goals can lead to confidence. |
| B．Better lung function lowers death risk. |
| C．Optimism is connected with length of life. |
| D．Sex should be taken into consideration when studying optimism. |
| A．To lengthen their life. |
| B．To improve their brains’ function. |
| C．To prove optimism can be learned. |
| D．To show genes’ connection with optimism. |
| A．How to be a positive person. | B．How to make people thankful. |
| C．What to write about in a diary. | D．What to do to achieve the goals. |
| A．A science magazine. | B．A guidebook. |
| C．A novel. | D．A diary. |
2 . In 2018, Pakistan promised to plant ten billion trees in an effort to slow climate change and to save a land that has been destroyed.
That program, whose name is 10 Billion Trees Tsunami, has been taking effect slowly for the past two years, but it recently has received unexpected help from the coronavirus(新冠病毒). Many Pakistanis are suddenly unemployed, so the government has given them jobs as tree-planters. Unemployed day laborers have been turned into "jungle workers", planting trees for 500 rupees a day($3). It's not much, but it can help the unemployed get by.
As the coronavirus struck Pakistan, the 10 Billion Trees campaign was halted as part of social distancing orders put in place to slow the spread of the virus. But earlier this month, the government allowed the forestry agency to restart the program and create more than 63, 600 jobs.
The program is employing three times the number of planters as it normally does, and the planting season has been extended from May(its usual end)throughout June, in order to keep workers employed. All workers are being told to wear masks and keep two meters of distance from others.
Shahid Rashid Awan, project director for Punjab province, said the project hopes to reach 50 million trees this year. “We can absorb all the unemployed laborers and workers who have fled the cities and returned to their villages in the past few weeks.”
A study declared tree planting to be an effective way to store carbon, and if planted in large quantities around the globe, a powerful solution to climate change. While it won’t fix every climate-related problem we have, it can go a long way if done widely, which is exactly what Pakistan is trying to do with such impressive determination.
And the workers will benefit greatly, too. Not only are they able to earn money and support their families at a difficult time, but they’re outside in the fresh air, away from the potential health risks from more tightly-packed urban environments. It’s a brilliant idea that all country leaders should consider copying.
1. How does the coronavirus influence Pakistan?| A．A lot of animals are starving. | B．Many people are out of work. |
| C．Much land is left unmanaged. | D．The government has lost power. |
| A．Agreed. | B．Discussed. | C．Stopped. | D．Doubted. |
| A．It has helped with employment. |
| B．It has persuaded people to plant trees in big cities. |
| C．Many laborers produce much less carbon dioxide. |
| D．It can contribute to fighting against climate change. |
| A．It serves as a good example. | B．It is not fit for other countries. |
| C．It is a waste of time and money. | D．It brings many economic benefits. |
3 . 54-year-old Abdul has a special job. He has been working as a living statue (活体雕像) for over three decades, standing perfectly still for six hours a day and resisting people' s attempts to make him move or smile, anything that proves he is a living person.
Abdul, known as “India's Statue Man”, has been performing his daily routine ever since 1985, soon after getting a job as a security guard. His boss had recently traveled to the UK, where he was So impressed by the statue-like members of the Royal Guard outside Buckingham Palace that he wanted to do something similar back home. So he had his guards receive three months of training, where they would sit perfectly still for around four hours. They weren't allowed to talk or smile, eat, drink, or even shoo away a fly if it sat on their faces. In the end, Abdul proved the best of the group, So he got the strange job.
Abdul isn't the only person in the world acting as a living statue, but what makes him special is the fact that he can do it for as long as six hours without even blinking his eyes. Once, a $ 155 prize was put up for anyone who can make him move a muscle. But try as they might, no one has ever succeeded. Actually, Abdul tries to move about as much as he can in his spare time, and only eats healthy home-cooked food, to keep his body in shape. But he claims yoga has been the biggest help. In the 32 years, Abdul has become a famous person in India and other Asian countries. Many Bollywood stars have come to witness this living statue and try to finally make him move, but none have succeeded.
Abdul earns about 10,000 rupees ($ 156) a month, which is enough to support his family, but definitely not enough to encourage his children to follow in his footsteps. It's just too stressful and taxing on the body. “Despite all the hardship and health problems, I love my job and I am thankful to people for the love and respect they have showered on me” he says, “When the time comes, I want to die playing a statue.”
1. What is Abduls daily routine?| A．Proving to be a living person. | B．Performing as a living statue. |
| C．Smiling at his customers. | D．Keeping his body in shape. |
| A．He had his special ambition. | B．He was most familiar with the job. |
| C．He stood out among the group. | D．He knew the boss more than others. |
| A．He eats a lot of snacks. | B．He practices yoga for 12 hours a day. |
| C．He cooks for his family. | D．He always moves a lot. |
| A．It's satisfying. | B．It's overpaid. | C．It's boring. | D．It's instructive. |
4 . Black rhinos(犀牛) have terrible eyesight. Even so, these African giants easily fend off hungry predators such as lions and hyenas. Their basic body plan has proved to be good enough to survive on African grasslands full of large predators, being very large, thick-skinned, big sword-like horns.
But those protective traits(特征) are no match for humans with guns. Today the species is critically endangered largely due to poaching. But the rhinos may have an unlikely ally against poachers: the red-billed oxpecker. The chatty, sociable birds often hang out on the backs of rhinos, feasting on parasitic ticks(寄生虫).And actually, research has shown that the tick is the favorite diet of an oxpecker.
The birds also get nutrients by picking at sores on the rhinos’ bodies. Victoria University of Melbourne behavioral ecologist Roan Plotz suspected that the rhinos put up with this indignity because the oxpeckers make loud alarm calls whenever they see humans approach, giving the rhinos an early warning to flee.
To test whether the oxpeckers do, in fact, act as noisy lookouts, Plotz and his team implanted(植入) radio transmitters in the rhinos’ horns. This didn’t hurt the rhinos and allowed the researchers to track the animals.
“And approach them undetected, when the oxpeckers were on the back and when the oxpeckers were not on their backs, to get an idea of if the birds do alarm them and if the rhinos do listen.”
The researchers found that rhinos without oxpeckers detected an approaching human only 23 percent of the time, at an average distance of 27 meters. But when oxpeckers were present, the birds alarmed the rhinos 100 percent of the time. And they detected the human 61 meters away on average. And the more oxpeckers on the scene , the greater the detection distance.
“It makes sense because the more eyes you have on your back, looking out for you, the more chance that they can pick up anything coming. There can be no doubt that the rhino is listening on the oxpecker alarm call.”
1. What does the underlined phrase in the first paragraph mean?| A．Defend against. | B．Feed. |
| C．Hide from. | D．Attract. |
| A．To protect rhinos from poachers. |
| B．To seek protection from rhinos. |
| C．To find food over the rhino’s body. |
| D．To let rhinos carry them around. |
| A．Rhinos have poor eyesight. |
| B．The birds alarm and rhinos listen. |
| C．There are many ticks on rhinos. |
| D．The birds have sharp eyes. |
| A．They protect each other from dangers. |
| B．They are food source for each other. |
| C．They depend on each other for survival. |
| D．They have win-win partnership. |
5 . Another person’s enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.
I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural （乡下的）Virginia. My father
My stepmother walked over to me,
That statement began a（n）
She changed many things. She
When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand
What power
You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it. This is probably the greatest work you can do with your enthusiasm.
1.| A．rushed | B．introduced | C．carried | D．sent |
| A．known | B．good | C．mistaken | D．fit |
| A．sooner | B．earlier | C．longer | D．later |
| A．dragged | B．shook | C．raised | D．bent |
| A．perfect | B．right | C．wrong | D．impolite |
| A．but | B．so | C．and | D．or |
| A．agreement | B．friendship | C．gap | D．relationship |
| A．opinion | B．aim | C．dream | D．mind |
| A．begged | B．persuaded | C．ordered | D．invited |
| A．successful | B．careful | C．simple | D．difficult |
| A．treated | B．entertained | C．educated | D．respected |
| A．camera | B．radio | C．bicycle | D．typewriter |
| A．considered | B．suspected | C．ignored | D．appreciated |
| A．belief | B．request | C．criticism | D．description |
| A．teaching | B．writing | C．speaking | D．reading |
| A．next | B．same | C．only | D．real |
| A．cleverest | B．strongest | C．wealthiest | D．healthiest |
| A．enthusiasm | B．sympathy | C．fortune | D．confidence |
| A．never | B．hardly | C．seldom | D．often |
| A．match | B．win | C．reach | D．doubt |
6 . We know more about the surface of the planet Mars than we know about what is at the bottom of Earth’s oceans. Until recently, scientists had mapped only about 20 percent of the sea floor. But our knowledge of the deep seas is changing because of information from satellites. Scientists have produced a new map that provides a detailed picture of the oceans.
The new map is twice as detailed as the map made 20 years ago. David Sandwell is a geophysics professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California. He and other scientists worked on the mapping project. He says they turned to space to look deeper into the ocean.
“The way we’re doing that is to use a satellite altimeter(测高仪), a radar to map the topography(地形) of the ocean surface. That is because the ocean surface topography is different because of gravitational(引力的) effects.”
The scientists collected and studied information from two satellites. One was the European Space Agency’s Cryo-2 satellite that was placed in Earth’s orbit to watch sea ice. The other satellite is the American space agency’s Jason-1, studying the surface of the oceans. Scientists combined the satellite data with images gathered by equipment on ships. The equipment works by sending sound waves through the water. When the sound waves hit an object, its presence is confirmed.
The new map shows the sea floor as it has never been seen before. It shows thousands of underwater mountains and places where continents pulled apart. It shows where earthquakes were active many years ago. In one place, three mountain ridges(山脊) join at the same area. “It’s called the Indian Ocean Triple Junction. It’s one of my favorite spots in the ocean. You have three plates-the African plate, and the Indo-Australian plate and the Antarctic plate-all connected at this one point in the center of the Indian Ocean,” says David Sandwell.
The map is a powerful tool for those interested in protecting the environment and for oil exploration. It also can help ships travel safely and improve scientific projects worldwide. Of course, scientists will make many more discoveries as they examine the new map and the information it provides.
1. We can owe the success of the new mapping project to________.| A．the details of the old map |
| B．Europe’s cooperation with America |
| C．Scientists’ continual measuring work under the sea |
| D．The application of radar and sound wave measuring equipment |
| A．They hoped to use space technology to map the ocean floor. |
| B．They wanted the satellite to produce the map. |
| C．They had never explored the deeper ocean. |
| D．They decided to search the outer space. |
| A．The function of sound waves. | B．The difference of two satellites. |
| C．The difficulties of mapping the oceans | D．The process of mapping the ocean floor. |
| A．show the discovery through the new map |
| B．Prove the earthquakes were active under the ocean |
| C．Explain how the ocean floor developed |
| D．Introduce what the underwater mountains were like |
| A．How to Explore the Deep Sea |
| B．How to Get Pictures of the Ocean |
| C．Scientists Create New Maps of Ocean Floor |
| D．Much of the Sea Floor Waits for Exploration |
7 . Drive south from San Francisco on scenic Highway One to the once sleepy beach town of Half Moon Bay, where you’ll find Francis Beach, part of the Half Moon Bay State Beaches. With summertime water temperatures ranging from 13 to 18 degrees, a wet suit for swimming and surfing is a must. Although it’s often foggy, on clear days you can see out to Pillar Point Harbor, a wonderful fishing site.
Rent a sea kayak(小艇) from Half Moon Bay Kayak Co, the first kayak company in the country to equip their boats with a GPS tracking device(装置). You can rent such a sea kayak and you will be at perfect surf wave,Mavericks($15 per hour; www.hmbkayak,com).
Hikers and runners will enjoy the gentle wind along the waterfront seaside path,connecting several beaches, or at the paths of Pursima Cree Redwoods Open Space Preserve in the hills above town.
Where to eat: Stay by the Half Moon Bay Brewery for high quality dishes, made with locally grown ingredients, or go back with the locals and a Maverick’s Amber Ale on the waterfront deck(www.hmbbrewingco.com).
Where to stay: For five-star expensive hotels, check into the Ritz-Carlton, Half Moon Bay (from $305, www.ritzcarlton.com/resorts/half _moon_bay/). Enjoy the open-air dishes in the comfort of the new Ocean Terrace Restaurant overlooking the sea and be sure to enroll(使加入)the kids in the year-round Rita Kids program. For even more open-air living, book one of the 52 seaside campsites at Francis Beach’s state campground. In April, the campsite equipment was renewed and now includes hot showers ($25 a night; www.reserveamerica.com).
1. This text is mainly written for_________.| A．Tourists who want to travel to Francis Beach |
| B．People who are interested in American geography |
| C．Kids who enjoy the year-around Ritz Kids program |
| D．Hikers and runners wishing to enjoy the sea breezes along the beach |
a.Swimming b. surfing c. hiking d. fishing e.enjoying the open-air dishes f. enrolling the kids in the Ritz Kids program
| A．a,b,c,e | B．b, c, d, e | C．a, b, e, f | D．c, d, e, f |
| A．There were no campsite facilities at Francis Beach’s state campground before April. |
| B．Only Half Moon Bay Kayak Co has boats equipped with a GPS tracking device |
| C．You don’t have to pay for camping at Francis Beach’s state campground. |
| D．Half Moon Bay used to be an unknown beach town |
| A．www.hmbkayak.com | B．www.hmbbrewingco.com |
| C．www.ritzcarlton.com | D．www.reserveamerica.com |
| A．Enjoy Your Visit on Francis Beach. | B．Eat on Francis Beach |
| C．Travel to Francis Beach with a Kayak. | D．Enjoy Beautiful Scenery of San Francisco. |
8 . Max Vernon Mathews has been called the father of computer music. He created electronic tools so that people could use computers as musical instruments. He had a huge influence on the development of electronic music and how it is written, recorded and played.
In 1957, Max Mathews wrote the first computer program that enabled a computer to create sound and play it back. At the time, he was working as an engineer at Bell Laboratories in New Jersey. His computer program was called Music. It enabled a large IBM computer to play a seventeen-second piece of music that he had written.
The computer was so slow that it would have taken an hour to play the piece of music in seventeen seconds. For that reason, Mathews moved the work to a tape player, which could be sped up to play the music at a normal speed. He later said that the sound quality of the musical notes was not great, but the technical importance of the music was huge.
The science fiction writer Arthur C.Clarke visited Bell Laboratories in the 1960s. He heard a computer “sing” the song “Daisy Bell” on devices and programs developed by Max Mathews and other engineers. Clarke noted this technology in his book 2001: A Space Odyssey, which was later made into a movie.
Mathews continued creating other versions of the Music program. He became interested in how computers could help musicians outside recording studios. The Groove program he developed was the first computer program made for live performances. He also developed an electronic device he called the Radio Baton. The device looks like two drum sticks. It enables the user to control the speed and sound levels of orchestral music played on a computer. The user does this by moving the two sticks on a special electronic surface.
Max Mathews believed modern musicians are not making full use of the power of computer music. He said a violin always sounds like a violin. But with a computer, the way a violin sounds is unlimited. He said he did not want computer sounds to replace live music. But he said he hoped laptop computers would one day be considered serious instruments.
1. How did the program Music work according to the text?| A．It helped design a computer program. |
| B．It created sound by using computers. |
| C．It could record a seventeen-second piece of music. |
| D．It enabled a large IBM computer to work faster. |
| A．It was of light weight. |
| B．Its sound was of great quality. |
| C．It could play the music faster than the computer. |
| D．It could play more pieces of music than the computer. |
| A．The book dealt with music. | B．Music added sound to the book. |
| C．The book was recorded by Music. | D．Music was a new invention at that time. |
| A．Devices and programs Max Mathews created. |
| B．The characteristics of Max Mathews’ works. |
| C．How Max Mathews’ program was applied. |
| D．How Max Mathews developed computer programs. |
| A．He is the father of music. |
| B．He is influential as an engineer. |
| C．He made great contributions to computer music. |
| D．He wanted computer sounds to take the place of live music. |
9 . When you were a little child, your parents made decisions about everything for you because you weren’t old enough to take care of yourself and make careful decisions. Finally, however, you grow up and become a teenager. You begin to have your own thoughts and opinions about life.
As you change and grow into this new person who makes your own decisions, your parents may have a difficult time adjusting (调整). They aren’t used to the new you — they only know you as a child.
In most families, this adjustment can cause lots of arguments between teens and parents. You want to cover your walls with posters, but your parents don’t understand why you don’t like your wallpaper any more. Then you feel your parents don’t respect you and don’t allow you to do what you like, and your parents get angry because they disagree with your decisions. And some other things — like the type of friends you have — can cause even bigger arguments, because your parents will always be ready to protect you and keep you safe, no matter how old you are.
However, the good news is that there will be fewer arguments as your parents realize that you have grown up and should have your own ideas. Before you get on well with each other again, communication between you and your parents is very important.
1. The writer describes______in the first paragraph.| A．the decisions you may make | B．the changes you may make |
| C．the happy time you may have | D．the friends you may have |
| A．Because they don’t often stay at home. | B．Because they are busy at work. |
| C．Because they get angry easily. | D．Because they’re not familiar with the new you. |
| A．teenagers like to be with their parents |
| B．parents may have a happy time adjusting |
| C．parents don’t need to respect their children |
| D．the type of friends you have may cause bigger arguments |
| A．communicate with them | B．agree with their ideas |
| C．protect them | D．do what you like |
10 . Whether you will be a doctor or a police officer in the future, there’s a teacher in your life. They teach you and help you know who you are. Of course, you want to thank them.
Teachers’ Day is the perfect chance for students around the world to thank their teachers. The festival falls on different days in different countries.
In China, Teachers’ Day is on September 10th. But in the US, teachers have a whole week to celebrate. Teacher Appreciation Week is in the first full week of May every year. Kids used to bring apples for their teachers because apples are healthy. Now, they bring gifts with pictures of apples, such as cups, picture frames and teddy bears. Some students also make DIY gifts for their teachers. During the week, school clubs often offer teachers a free breakfast of coffee and cakes.
The South Korean Teachers’ Day is on May 15th. Many students offer flowers to their teachers. Another traditional gift is a card. Thousands of students prepare personalized cards and give them to their favorite teachers.
Although different countries have different Teachers’ Days, there’s one day for the whole world to honor teachers. On October 5th of every year, over 100 countries such as Canada and the Philippines, express their thanks by celebrating World Teachers’ Day. UNESCO started the day in 1994. It wants to remind people of the importance of teaching.
Only you can make a card like this one. A fingerprint card is a good gift on Teachers’ Day. You will need: card, pen and colorful ink.
Press your ink-covered finger on a clean card.
Use a pen to make your fingerprint into an animal or a robot.
Write words like “You are a wonderful teacher.” or “Thank you for teaching me.” on the card.
Some thank-you notes for great teachers:
I am lucky to have the best teacher in the world. Wherever I may go in my life, I will always remember that I had an excellent guide … You.
You are not only my teacher; you are my friend. I will always be grateful to you for your support and kindness.
1. According to the passage, apples used to be a good choice of gifts for Teachers’Day because______.
| A．students want to wish their teachers good health |
| B．apples are in season on Teachers’Day |
| C．students want to wish their teachers success |
| D．apples are sweet and cheap |
| A．May 5th | B．May 15th | C．October 5th | D．September 10th |
| A．where to order a beautiful card | B．how to make a meaningful DIY card |
| C．what kind of gift is best for teachers | D．how to order a teacher’s card online |
