1 . Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.
What to Expect
The host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.
Accommodation Zones
Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential (居住的). Zones3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowned area. It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.
Meal Plans Available
◇ Continental Breakfast
◇ Breakfast and Dinner
◇ Breakfast, Packed Lunch and Dinner
It’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal (谷物类食品), bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by desert, fruit and coffee.
Friends
If you wish to invite a friend over to visit. you must first ask your host' s permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.
Self-Catering Accommodation in Private Homes
Accommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room. This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much.
1. The passage is probably written for| A．host willing to receive foreign students |
| B．loreigners hoping to build British culture |
| C．travellers planning to vist famlies in London |
| D．English learners applying to live in English homes |
| A．Room cleaning. |
| B．Medical care. |
| C．Free transport. |
| D．Physical trainning. |
| A．Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2. |
| B．The business centre of London is in Zone 1. |
| C．Hosts dislike travelling to the city centre. |
| D．It is not very convenient to travel in London-bu underground. |
| A．Dessert and coffee |
| B．Fruit and vegetables. |
| C．bread and fruit juice |
| D．Centre and cold meat. |
| A．To experience a warmer famliy atmosphere. |
| B．To enrich their knowledge of English |
| C．To entertain friends as they like. |
| D．To enjoy much more freedom. |
2 . Debra Avery has been a horse lover since she was a little girl in San Diego. Her family couldn't afford a horse of its own, so Debra borrowed rides at the local horse-riding center, gaining the confidence only found atop a horse. Years later, Debra remembered those early days, and the lessons she learned with the horses at the riding center, and wanted to help other young women get the benefits of connecting with horses. "I always wanted to run a horse program for girls like me," says Debra. "I wanted to help them gain the courage to be around a horse and to care for a horse."
One day at the Los Angeles Horse-riding Center, as Debra rode beside fellow rider Judith Hopkins, she mentioned an inheritance (遗产) from her father-in-law and her desire to use it to serve disadvantaged girls. Judith had the same dream—and a name for the organization.
They founded Taking the Reins (TTR) in 1998. The organization serves more than 400 young women per year in after-school, weekend, and summer programs that feature horse riding and care, gardening and even competitive horse showing. Most participants live below the poverty line and often have not had reliable housing for more than six months at a time. Few have previous horse experience.
TTR uses farm and ranch experiences to teach responsibility, leadership, teamwork, and self-confidence. Director Dr. Jane Haven says, "A large number of our girls are somewhat autistic (孤独症的). I can't count how many of them have found their first social friends thanks to sharing this hobby and activity. Horses bring them out in such a wonderful way."
Jane also sees members of TTR program excel in school—100 percent of young women involved for four years or more have graduated from high school. Ninety-nine percent of those participants have gone on to attend four-year colleges.
Debra sees a more obvious impact—after a few weeks in the TTR program, the young women sit a little higher in their saddles (马鞍). "There's just something about sitting up on the back of a horse that gives them a boost of confidence."
1. Debra's early life was greatly influenced by ________.| A．her family | B．horse riding |
| C．school lessons | D．her fellow rider |
| A．Horse riding and showing. | B．Horse care and farming. |
| C．Pet care and gardening. | D．Weekend hiking and camping. |
| A．Homeless and lonely women. | B．Hard-working school girls. |
| C．Female autistic patients. | D．Poor horse-loving girls. |
| A．They have been given financial aid. |
| B．They have achieved academic excellence. |
| C．They have grown into professional horse riders. |
| D．They have been provided with reliable housing. |
| A．TTR is a profit-making organization. | B．TTR program lasts a few weeks. |
| C．The girls' confidence grows quickly. | D．The girls can ride taller horses. |
3 . The pace of today's working life blurs (使模糊) the line between personal time and work time, and it increasingly mixes personal lifestyle and work style. And as companies are trying hard to attract and keep young people for their technical skills and enthusiasm for change, office culture is becoming an extension of youth culture. This may be no bad thing. For most of human history the middle-aged have ruled, but in the future, they will have to share power with fresh-faced youths.
There have been a number of reasons for this change and the most dramatic of these is technology. Children have always been more expert than their parents at something, but usually a game or a fashion, not the century's most important business tool. The Internet has started the first industrial revolution in history to be led by the young. Though there have been youth revolutions before, none of them made a big change the way the Internet has. Throughout the20th century, if a young person wanted to enter an American company they needed to leave their youth behind. They got a haircut, and probably a suit or at least a tie. Now the same hair, same clothes, even nearly the same hours apply to office and home.
If it had not been for the Internet, this change could not have happened. However, it did not happen because of the Internet only; the corporate restructurings (公司重组) of the 1980s and 90s broke down traditional hierarchies (等级制度). In many companies, seniority-based (基于资历的) hierarchies have been replaced by hierarchies based on performance. The abilities to please your superiors are no longer the most valued skills. Today's employees stay with companies only as long as they feel challenged and rewarded; moving from job to job is now a sign of ambition.
The rise of the young is a good thing, because it gives them more opportunity to put their ideas and energy into practice at their most creative stage in life. Nowadays youth and youth qualities seem to dominate, but the experience and maturity of older employees should be put to good use, too.
1. A company tries to attract young people for their________.| A．office culture | B．modern lifestyle |
| C．changing attitude | D．technical abilities |
| A．work in the office and at home | B．have an eye-catching hairstyle |
| C．dress in the business style | D．leave the business tool behind |
| A．achievements | B．age and experience |
| C．skills with the Internet | D．ability to please the boss |
| A．They become more energetic in life. |
| B．They have taken over the companies. |
| C．Their creativity can be put to good use. |
| D．Their ideas appeal to a great many people. |
| A．Young people will lead in fashion. |
| B．Young people will have more power. |
| C．Older people will step off the historical stage. |
| D．Older people will continue to be the main force. |
4 . Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities. While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche (心理), the research finds that personality traits (特征) are "contagious" (传染的) among children. "Our finding flies in the face of common assumptions that personality can't be changed," said Dr. Jennifer Neal, co-author of the study.
The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classes for a full school year. One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds, and the other a set of four-year-olds. Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. Psychology expert Dr. Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize.
The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits. A 2015 psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person "like a disease". The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them.
The researchers questioned 6,000 people on the social "climate" in their workplaces, which included offices, hotels and restaurants. They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year. And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way. Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise.
Dr. Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment. She said better training could help to fight against the problem.
1. What does the underlined part "flies in the face of" in Paragraph1mean?| A．Leads to. | B．Results from. |
| C．Goes against. | D．Agrees with. |
| A．Their parents. | B．Their friends. |
| C．The researchers. | D．The psychologists. |
| A．Ignoring the faults of co-workers. |
| B．Not sending emails to workmates. |
| C．Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses. |
| D．Not inviting a colleague to a company party. |
| A．One's personality is hard to change. |
| B．One's personality is shaped by genes. |
| C．One's personality traits can spread to others. |
| D．One's personality traits can change overnight. |
| A．a science report | B．a study guide |
| C．a school textbook | D．a technical journal |
5 . Career guidance specialists in John Adams High School can provide information about Career & Technical Education classes, assist you in making wise decisions for your future, and help you find opportunities in: certificate programs, apprenticeship (学徒) programs and four-year colleges that best fit your needs.
Each of the following two-year programs offers three high school credits per semester and requires a formal application.
| Business Cooperative Experiences This is a program for students who have a career goal in business or office work. Students spend one period each day learning advanced skills related to the students' career objective in business. Students will be employed at a training station and will work each week at a business in the local community. Important facts: Computer applications Work a total of 540 hours to earn credit Transportation not provided |
| Business Technology Lab This program will prepare students for careers in business and industry and for working with interactive media. Students will learn multimedia, web design, and photo design skills by using state-of-the-art (最先进的) equipment and software. This course will provide students with the tools to seek jobs or continue studying at a post-secondary school. Important facts: Available at Clay High School Two-hour course |
| Automotive (汽车的) Services Technology The program includes classroom instruction and lab activities for the students to learn entry-level automotive skills and basic automotive operation and service. Students will gain skills and training in auto repair that can lead to entry-level jobs, or post-secondary education. Important facts: Classes held at Ivy Tech Transportation provided |
| Building Trades Technology In this program, students, under the leadership of a qualified instructor, will build a house. It gives students basic skills needed to enter the building trades, or to continue study of construction in an apprentice program, or a post-secondary school. Important facts: Three-hour course Transportation provided Work boots and helmet needed |
1. In the Business Cooperative Experiences program, students will ________.
| A．have free transportation | B．finish 540 class hours |
| C．acquire training ability | D．work at a local business |
| A．to be an equipment provider | B．to work at a secondary school |
| C．to develop great computer skills | D．to enter the academic world |
| A．Security operations. | B．Entry-level car services. |
| C．Instruction techniques. | D．Advanced automotive skills. |
| A．Business Cooperative Experiences. | B．Business Technology Lab. |
| C．Automotive Services Technology. | D．Building Trades Technology. |
| A．Practical skills. | B．Theoretical study. |
| C．Business planning. | D．Management ability. |
6 . Standing in front of the bike shop, Dave stared at the shiny red bicycle in the window. He could
He rode on and stopped at Peck's clothing store. The coat he
Dave looked at his old bike. Two years ago, he found some old bicycles at the
As Dave passed the junkyard, he noticed a newer-looking bike tire. He started
Arriving home, Dave put the used tires and the handgrips on his
The next morning, when Dave and his mom got to the park, about thirty kids had already
Bang! The riders rushed off. Dave
As the announcer awarded Dave the
"It's a
| A．find | B．picture | C．keep | D．watch |
| A．beat | B．join | C．help | D．rescue |
| A．agreed | B．claimed | C．demanded | D．planned |
| A．probably | B．definitely | C．never | D．seldom |
| A．ends | B．eyes | C．roads | D．rules |
| A．hard | B．reliable | C．enough | D．tight |
| A．park | B．junkyard | C．school | D．court |
| A．enter | B．lose | C．abandon | D．win |
| A．going through | B．carrying out | C．throwing away | D．taking back |
| A．that | B．which | C．what | D．whom |
| A．right | B．unique | C．simple | D．advanced |
| A．hired | B．used | C．purchased | D．recycled |
| A．contributions | B．changes | C．profits | D．discoveries |
| A．started | B．separated | C．gathered | D．recovered |
| A．while | B．but | C．so | D．or |
| A．held back | B．gave in to | C．concentrated on | D．broke away from |
| A．prepared | B．arranged | C．offered | D．managed |
| A．Suddenly | B．Eventually | C．Recently | D．Usually |
| A．coat | B．degree | C．bicycle | D．medal |
| A．coincidence | B．promise | C．surprise | D．message |
7 . Robert Moody, 52, is an experienced police officer. Much of his work involves dealing with
Those fun trips had a(n)
Deeply touched by the boy’s word, Moody decided to create a foundation (基金会) that
By turning kids on to fishing, he
Moody faces
| A．drinking | B．drug | C．security | D．smoking |
| A．ran into | B．got over | C．left behind | D．looked into |
| A．ahead | B．away | C．off | D．out |
| A．immediate | B．damaging | C．limited | D．lasting |
| A．once | B．while | C．since | D．Until |
| A．quarreling | B．complaining | C．talking | D．cheering |
| A．Slowly | B．Suddenly | C．Finally | D．Secretly |
| A．understand | B．hear | C．see | D．remember |
| A．fishing | B．sailing | C．boating | D．swimming. |
| A．quietest | B．longest | C．best | D．busiest |
| A．connects | B．introduces | C．reduces | D．commits |
| A．where | B．unless | C．as | D．whether |
| A．impression | B．burden | C．decision | D．impact |
| A．asked | B．intended | C．pretended | D．agreed |
| A．solution | B．change | C．bite | D．surprise |
| A．concerns | B．interests | C．conversations | D．emotions |
| A．participated in | B．worked out | C．approved of | D．made up |
| A．misuse | B．avoid | C．tolerate | D．test |
| A．unemployment | B．challenge | C．competition | D．retirement |
| A．team | B．school | C．family | D．community |
8 . After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more that ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?”
Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them.
“The great man,” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his child’s heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time? That’s good, because it’s always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts ofUncle Tom’s Cabinwhile cooking. You’re too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you’ll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
1. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________.| A．propose a definition |
| B．make a comparison |
| C．reach a conclusion |
| D．present an argument |
| A．Trial and error leads to the finding of truth. |
| B．Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious. |
| C．Creativity results from challenging authority. |
| D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore. |
| A．Observe the unknown around you. |
| B．Develop a questioning mind. |
| C．Lead a life of adventure. |
| D．Follow the fashion. |
| A．Gaining success helps you become an expert. |
| B．The genius tends to get things done creatively. |
| C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action. |
| D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection. |
| A．Curious Minds Never Feel Contented |
| B．Reflections on Human Nature |
| C．The Keys to Achievement |
| D．Never Too Late to Learn |
9 . For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.
Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器). It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly.
For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Let’s say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming(哼唱) a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine or point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back.
Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights(聚光灯) are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in on targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.
1. What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD?| A．It causes temporary hearing loss. |
| B．It slows down a running man. |
| C．It makes it easy to identify a suspect. |
| D．It keeps the suspect from hurting others. |
| A．silence the people around you |
| B．remove the sound of commercials |
| C．block the incoming sound waves |
| D．stop unwanted sound from affecting you |
| A．They travel in circles. |
| B．They clear the atmosphere. |
| C．They can be transformed into energy. |
| D．They can be directed onto a specific area. |
| A．creative designs of restaurant menus |
| B．ideal sound effects on the theater stage |
| C．different choices of music for businesses |
| D．strict control over any suspicious customer |
| A．How professionals invented sound products. |
| B．Inventions in the field of sound technology. |
| C．The growing interest in the study of sound. |
| D．How sound engineers work in their studios. |
10 . “They tell me that you’d like to make a statue(塑像) of me-is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream?”
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wouldn’t have duo ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner. “
President Lincoln smiled. “Painters, sculptors-they’ve all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but I’m afraid there’s not much hope. What did you have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust(半身像)?”
Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice.
“Of course-I shouldn’t have asked. A full-length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size. “
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small does not mean weak, sir,” she defended herself. “I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay(粘土) figure would not exhaust my strength-and that is what I intend to do!”
The President’s eyes, brightened at her show of spirit. “Sorry, madam, I have underestimated you as I didn’t know your background.”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought. “Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I’d like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now? I hardly have a minute to myself.”
Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. “I work quickly,” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.”
The President seemed to consider her idea seriously. He got up and shook Vinnie’s hand warmly, “I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well. I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon.”
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.
1. What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln?| A．Her aggressive personality. |
| B．Mr. Mills’s encouraging remark. |
| C．President Lincoln’s gentle voice. |
| D．Her interest in a challenging job. |
| A．Pleased. |
| B．Thrilled. |
| C．Regretful. |
| D．Doubtful. |
| A．her experience from other projects |
| B．her innocent childhood in the country |
| C．the heavy labor she had done before |
| D．the skill she picked up in Wisconsin |
| A．achieve effects of natural lighting |
| B．keep all her tools within easy reach |
| C．observe the President at a right angle |
| D．avoid disturbing the president’s work |
| A．A strong-willed soul can reach his goal. |
| B．Experience helps to promote excellence. |
| C．Ups and downs make one strong. |
| D．Devotion requires enthusiasm. |
