1 . Nurses are required in all areas of the medical field from hospitals and nursing homes to schools and the armed forces, heading to a great need of certified nurses. Here are some best universities for a degree in nursing.
Simmons College
Simmons College is a private women’s college founded in Boston in 1899. Nursing is the top major at the school as well as the most popular. The nursing graduates from Simmons make about $ 58, 000 every year.
Villanova University
Villanova University is a research university located in Radnor Township, Pennsylvania. Named after Saint Thomas of Villanova, the school is the oldest Catholic university in Pennsylvania. Nursing is a popular major and is offered as an online degree as well. The nursing graduates from Villanova make about $ 63,000 every year.
University of California, Los Angeles
The UCLA School of Nursing is known for its excellent education provided by a group of leaders in the medical field. The four-year program allows students to be qualified nurses through classroom learning and clinical training. A nursing degree from UCLA leads to positions in many hospitals and clinics, with a yearly income of about $ 84,000.
New York University
New York University attaches great importance to real-world experience. Along with taking classes in school, students mainly work in the health care environment receiving technical training Additionally, Nursing students of NYU College have the chance to study in Abu Dhabi, China and other countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America. The education from NYU will prepare students to help doctors treat patients, earning a yearly income of about $ 86, 000.
1. If Nora has to look after her children at home, which university or college can she choose to get a nursing degree?| A．Simmons College. | B．Villanova University. |
| C．University of California, Los Angeles | D．New York University. |
| A．Its high-quality teaching. | B．Its four-year program. |
| C．The clinical training it offers. | D．The yearly income of graduates. |
| A．future income | B．Learning environment |
| C．Practical training | D．chance to study better |
2 . Laungi Bhuiya, a man from a small village named Kothilwa in India, has a noble dream — to bring water to his village. To
Thus started Bhuiya’s digging, which went on for almost 30 years. But his
“I was always
Using only
Kothilwa is a(n)
Eventually, the
The villagers’
| A．promote | B．accomplish | C．stop | D．solve |
| A．impossible | B．perfect | C．necessary | D．important |
| A．float | B．blow | C．roll | D．flow |
| A．energy | B．talent | C．enthusiasm | D．interest |
| A．discourage | B．protect | C．support | D．criticize |
| A．continued | B．failed | C．returned | D．forgot |
| A．strict | B．satisfied | C．bored | D．angry |
| A．simple | B．advanced | C．heavy | D．expensive |
| A．Suddenly | B．Generally | C．Constantly | D．Finally |
| A．words | B．dreams | C．efforts | D．beliefs |
| A．poor | B．famous | C．beautiful | D．abandoned |
| A．think of | B．depend on | C．give away | D．put aside |
| A．trees | B．flowers | C．weeds | D．crops |
| A．advised | B．required | C．motivated | D．allowed |
| A．school | B．hospital | C．company | D．media |
| A．determined | B．proud | C．stupid | D．ridiculous |
| A．searched | B．studied | C．visited | D．remembered |
| A．hire | B．meet | C．pay | D．recognize |
| A．devotion | B．donation | C．reply | D．attitude |
| A．built | B．opened | C．enlarged | D．improved |
3 . Igor Sikorsky was born on May 25th, 1889. Sikorsky developed an interest in natural sciences in his youth. He began studying at the Saint Petersburg Maritime Cadet Corps at the age of 14. In 1906, he decided that his future lay in engineering, so he left to study in Paris. In 1907, he returned home to complete his studies at the Mechanical College of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute.
A year later on a trip to Germany with his father, he learned of the achievements of the Wright Brothers and Ferdinand von Zeppelin’s airships. Sikorsky later said about this: “Within twenty-four hours, I’d decided to pursue aviation.”
Sikorsky then started his work on designing a helicopter. The first two attempts failed in 1909 and 1910 so he stopped and turned to fixed-wing aircraft (飞行器). His first attempt, the S-l, also failed. But his second attempt, the S-2, was a success. He continued to develop his knowledge to improve his airplane models. During this time，he also got his pilot’s license(执照). His fifth plane, the S-5, won him national attention. His sixth plane, the S-6-A, won him the highest award at the 1912 Moscow Aviation Exhibition. He built the first four-engine plane in 1913.
To continue to seek his dream, Sikorsky went to the United States in 1919, where he began teaching mathematics. He worked day and night and saved enough money to establish his own aviation company in Long Island in 1923. The company did pretty well but Sikorsky was dreaming big.
All this time his dream of building a helicopter had just grown bigger and he never stopped writing down his designs and ideas. In 1939 his dream came true. Sikorsky finally completed the VS-300 and piloted its first flight himself. It was the first successful helicopter of the United States and by 1940 served as the model for all single-rotor (单旋翼)helicopters.
Sikorsky’s work contributed greatly to the aviation industry and he was recognized as the father of helicopters because of his pioneering designs. He officially retired in 1957, but he continued to work as a consultant (顾问)until his death in 1972 at the age of 83.
1. What did Igor Sikorsky do after a trip in 1908?| A．He made engineering his major. |
| B．He moved from France to Germany. |
| C．He decided to change his life’s work. |
| D．He returned home to continue his studies. |
| A．Igor Sikorsky’s continuous hard work. |
| B．The life lessons Igor Sikorsky learned. |
| C．The reasons for Igor Sikorsky’s past failures. |
| D．Igor Sikorsky’s attempts to design helicopters. |
| A．Igor Sikorsky’s helicopter was a success. |
| B．Igor Sikorsky received his pilot’s license. |
| C．Igor Sikorsky’s own company was set up. |
| D．Igor Sikorsky became a mathematics teacher. |
| A．face danger fearlessly | B．treasure what they are |
| C．seek help from others | D．stick to their dreams |
4 . Living downstream from a waste-treatment plant can leave fish tired, a new study finds, led by Graham Scott, a biologist in Canada. “Wastewater treatment plants are pretty good at taking out the waste and treating it before it gets into our waterways,” he said. “But not everything can be taken out,” he added.
For example, some plants beside the stream were not designed to remove remains of drugs. So when some medicines are left over after people use them, they can be released into the environment. These include the drugs used to treat depression and high blood pressure.
Life-sustaining chemical reactions in an animal’s body (including ours) allow it to grow, move and reproduce. These reactions, taken together, are known as the creature’s metabolism (新陈代谢). Some studies have shown that even just one drug can change the metabolism of fish, making their metabolism slow down. Then that will impair their bodies.
That creates a problem for the animals — using the extra energy to rid their bodies of the pollutants which can damage their cells and tissues. “That’s energy they burn just to stay alive,” explained Scott. That is also the energy no longer available to avoid predators (天敌), to find food and to mate.
And they report that fish exposed to a mix of chemicals can use up some of their energy just to deal with those pollutants. Therefore, they will have less energy to eat and avoid being eaten, says Paul Craig, a biologist in Ontario.
“It is up to us to help reduce the types of pollutants in. wastewater,” Craig says. “That includes not throwing leftover medicines down the toilet.” he recommends.
1. What do Scott’s words mean in paragraph 1?| A．There are still some pollutants in the treated water. |
| B．Wastewater treatment plants don’t work well. |
| C．Things in waterways are difficult to deal with. |
| D．Canadians tend to throw waste down the toilet. |
| A．Form. | B．Harm. | C．Benefit. | D．Examine. |
| A．They will stop growing. |
| B．They will avoid their mates. |
| C．They will have to rid their bodies of the polluted cells. |
| D．They will consume extra energy to survive. |
| A．To explain how pollutants affect animals. |
| B．To show ways of fighting against pollution. |
| C．To advise people to stop buying polluted fish. |
| D．To urge people to reduce pollutants in wastewater. |
5 . More than 10 million Chinese cultural relics have been lost overseas, lots of which were stolen and illegally shipped out of China during the times of war before 1949. About 1.67 million pieces are housed in no more than 200 museums in 47 countries, which accounts for 10 percent of all lost Chinese cultural relics, and the rest are in the hands of private collectors.
Most of these treasures are owned by museums or private collectors in the United States, Europe, Japan and Southeast Asian countries. There are more than 23,000 pieces in the British Museum, most of which were stolen or bought for pennies more than 100 years ago.
The major method to recover these national treasures was to buy them back. In some cases, private collectors donated the relics to the government. Also, the government can turn to official channels to demand the return of relics.
In 2003, a priceless bronze pig’s head dating from the Qing Dynasty was returned to its home in Beijing after it was removed by the Anglo-French Allied Army over 140 years ago. Macao entrepreneur Stanley Ho donated 6 million yuan to buy it back from a US art collector and then donated it to the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
Although buying-back is the most feasible way to recover the lost treasures, limited funding is always a big headache.
In recent years, the Chinese government has improved efforts to recover the precious cultural relics lost overseas. It has started a national project on the recovery of the treasures and has set up a database (数据库) collecting relevant information. It has signed several international agreements with many countries on this matter, and is also looking for international cooperation to recover the relics by working closely with several international organizations.
1. What is the passage mainly about?| A．The best way to recover cultural relics. |
| B．The efforts to recover Chinese cultural relics. |
| C．Stanley Ho donated a bronze pig’s head to Beijing. |
| D．Chinese cultural relics were stolen by the Anglo-French Allied Army. |
| A．It was made in the Ming Dynasty. |
| B．It is now in the Poly Art museum in Beijing. |
| C．It was donated by the French government to China. |
| D．It was removed by the Anglo-French Allied Army over 150 years ago. |
| A．Possible. | B．Difficult. | C．Wonderful. | D．Careful. |
| A．China has enough money to buy all the cultural relics back. |
| B．Many countries have returned the lost cultural relics to China for free. |
| C．The Chinese government has done a lot to recover the lost cultural relics. |
| D．China is preparing to set up a database to collect information about the lost cultural relics. |
6 . Never play games with a bot（robot）—it will find a way to cheat if it can. A team from OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab in San Francisco, has developed artificially intelligent bots that taught themselves to cooperate by playing hide-and-seek. The bots also learned how to use basic tools to help them win.
Bowen Baker at Open AI and his colleagues wanted to see if the team-based dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day be useful to humans.
The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated（模拟的）environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders, and left them to play team games of hide-and-seek. The bots each had their own view of the world and couldn't communicate with each other directly.
At first, the hiders simply ran away. But they soon worked out that the quickest way to stop the seekers was to find objects in the environment to hide themselves from view. The seekers learned that they could move boxes around and use them to climb over walls. The bots then discovered that being a team-player-passing objects to each other or cooperating on a hideout—was the quickest way to win.
But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and spot hiders from above. Hiders found that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside.
It shows that AIs are able to find solutions that humans miss, says Baker. "Maybe they'll even be able to solve problems that humans don't yet know how to." However, it is a large leap（跳跃）from virtual hide and seek to real problem-solving. "The main limitation is that it is in simulation," says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University.
1. Why did Bowen and his colleagues conduct the research?| A．To teach bots to play games. | B．To see the potential of robots |
| C．To find if bots may cheat like humans. | D．To train bots to use basic tools. |
| A．The design of the research. | B．The tools of the research. |
| C．The competitors of the game. | D．The environment of the game. |
| A．Passing objects. | B．Moving boxes around. |
| C．Hiding themselves from view. | D．Making use of faults. |
| A．It can bridge a gap in the AI research. |
| B．It will not be influenced by the real world. |
| C．It may not be realized in the real world. |
| D．It will definitely help the real problem-solving. |
7 . I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early
At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with
At that age, I always did something
I planted some lily (百合花)seeds in the yard. But they failed to
Regardless of their
It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to
| A．memory | B．dream | C．intention | D．design |
| A．please | B．change | C．help | D．annoy |
| A．doubt | B．appreciation | C．surprise | D．excitement |
| A．collect up | B．care about | C．clean up | D．come in |
| A．equal | B．similar | C．superior | D．opposite |
| A．painful | B．valuable | C．upsetting | D．interesting |
| A．come up | B．break out | C．hold on | D．get through |
| A．to | B．with | C．in | D．by |
| A．Luckily | B．Cheerfully | C．Regularly | D．Eventually |
| A．Inetead | B．However | C．Therefore | D．Besides |
| A．shouted | B．laughed | C．glanced | D．jumped |
| A．convenient | B．troublesome | C．enjoyed | D．dangerous |
| A．sadness | B．displeasure | C．delight | D．relief |
| A．other than | B．more than | C．rather than | D．less than |
| A．dislike | B．encouragement | C．threat | D．suggestion |
| A．decided | B．stopped | C．continued | D．struggled |
| A．devote | B．turn | C．respond | D．lead |
| A．defeat | B．satisfy | C．respect | D．challenge |
| A．proud | B．comfortable | C．strange | D．disappointed |
| A．freedom | B．life | C．growth | D．nature |
8 . Do you use Facebook, MySpace or Twitter? If so, then you are part of a social network. Social networking sites allow us to see our social connections.
When you create a profile (a description of somebody that gives useful information) on a social networking site, you open up a number of possible social connections. You can look up old friends, make new friends, and share music, photos and videos with them. You can also join groups according to your interests or hobbies, favorite TV shows or music.
Setting up a social networking account is simple. You just create and post a personal profile. For this you need a login name, password, and an e-mail account. Then you add some personal information such as name, age, sex, location, interests, etc. You can also add a photo of yourself. You can control who sees your profile. The next step is to look for new ones, and add them to your network. Then you can search your friends’ connections for anyone else you’d like to add to your network.
Different social networking sites allow people to communicate in different ways. There are sites that allow you to enlarge your personal community such as Facebook. Then there are ones that include media sharing, such as YouTube, where members upload and look at other people’s pictures and videos. There are also ones that specialize in sharing music, such as Last FM, and finally, ones that allow bloggers to form online communities, such as Live Journal. The latest trend (趋势) in social networking is to create your own independent social network. Companies do this to make their products sell well and people do it to create their own communities.
1. What’s the writer’s purpose in writing Paragraph 1?| A．To lead to the topic. |
| B．To raise a question. |
| C．To introduce some sites. |
| D．To advertise a social network. |
| A．It’s easy to search your friends’ connections. |
| B．It’s easy to build a social networking account. |
| C．It’s possible to add a photo of yourself. |
| D．It’s simple to control a social network. |
| A．You can upload videos. | B．Bloggers can form online communities. |
| C．Sharing music is specialized. | D．You have the largest personal community. |
| A．Social Networks | B．Personal Profiles |
| C．Networking Trends | D．Networking Accounts |
9 . Nearly all of us have a bad habit, whether we know it or not. Some people say they want to get rid of it but don’t know the proper ways. Here’s some advice on how to get rid of bad habits.
Make a list. Write down why you want to stop a certain behavior, how it’s hurting you and how to get rid of it. This will help a lot. Look at that list regularly.
Join in other activities. It’s wise of you to do something else when you want to stop your bad habits. If you get angry easily, for example, you can practice having a deep breath or going for a walk.
Give yourself a present. Before you take action against a bad habit, decide what you’ll do to celebrate it if you reach your goal.
Keep off bad habits. If you are fat and want to lose weight, keep junk food out of your house. If you are a heavy smoker with coffee, turn to tea and keep away from friends who like smoking.
Be patient. Bad habits develop over years, so you probably won’t be able to get rid of them quickly. In fact, people often give up several times before being successful, so you should be patient.
Find support. Don’t be afraid to ask for support from friends, family or other people who have the same bad habits as you. When you talk to others, they might be able to provide advice or encouragement that you usually wouldn’t get from yourself.
1. If you want to lose weight, you should ______.| A．drink more coffee. | B．refuse the junk food. |
| C．find support from friends. | D．find a heavy smoker. |
| A．it’s not easy to get rid of bad habits in a short time. |
| B．You can write down the reasons for getting rid of bad habits. |
| C．When talking to others, you can get what you can’t get from yourself. |
| D．When you want to stop your bad habits, don’t do anything. |
| A．how to get rid of bad habits. | B．why we have some bad habits. |
| C．what to do to have a bad habit. | D．where to find some support |
10 . China Science Daily announced Thursday that it has used software to automatically generate news stories about the latest discoveries from the world’s leading science journals. The robot science reporter, called “Xiaoke”, was co-created by the newspaper and researchers from Peking University in about half a year.
It is the latest case of Chinese news organizations using computer technology to create content. According to its inventors, Xiaoke has generated over 200 stories based on the English abstract of papers published in journals such as Science, Nature, Cell and the New England Journal of Medicine.
Before publication, the automatically generated articles will go through a review process. A group of scientists and the newspaper’s editors will check the content or give supplementary (补充的) information.
Zhang Mingwei, head of the program and vice editor-in-chief of the newspaper, said inventors would make Xiaoke a “cross-linguistic (跨语言的) academic secretary” to help Chinese scientists overcome language barriers and have easy and quick access to the latest scientific advances in English-language publication. Lead researcher Wan Xiaojun, of Peking University in charge of the system’s design and technology, stressed that the content generation tool could do far more than translation. According to Wan, Xiaoke is good at selecting complex words and sentences, which can help turn articles full of confusing technical terms into easy and readable news reports.
The readers of the robot reporter is not limited to professionals but also includes the general public. Science reporting is important in spreading information about discoveries and in popularizing knowledge to people.
1. What can we learn about “Xiaoke”?| A．It is a professional translator. |
| B．It has the most advanced AI. |
| C．It can make up fiction stories. |
| D．It generates science news reports. |
| A．Upgrade the artificial intelligence. |
| B．Select complex words and sentences. |
| C．Check the content and add information. |
| D．Help it get the latest scientific advances. |
| A．Science. |
| B．Education. |
| C．Entertainment. |
| D．Health. |
| A．The robot writer of science news. |
| B．The readers of the science reports. |
| C．The editor-in-chief of the newspaper. |
| D．The latest case of news organizations. |
