1 . While quite complicated at times, coding is a way of communicating with a machine ——in many ways similar to a human writing script and virtually anyone can learn it. It's made up of a set of rules and commands, and once you master them all, you can control a machine in any way you want!

Now, in the brave new world we live in, coding has become a new form of literacy, and the way of technology is progressing, understanding how machines work and how to "communicate" with them is going to be the new norm in future education.

So, what is coding in the first place? Responsible for bringing machines, websites, and applications to life, coding represents the act of issuing commands written in a programming language to achieve a specific result・ Most of everything you've seen on your desktop screen, a laptop or on an iPhone has been programmed by writing code sheets.

Why should kids learn how to code? On one hand, coding develops problem-solving skills. Writing code into a platform to make something "come to life" is a fairly high-precision craft. Through trial and error, a child will learn how to make something work and then even fix it if it fails along the way! On the other hand, coding gives them better job opportunities in the future. For all intents and purposes, programming is becoming increasingly popular and will be even more so in the future!

Learning how to code doesn't happen overnight. So, considering that the future has plenty of programming and technology for our children and us, having them get acquainted with this subject matters while they're still young. It is possibly the best way to give them an upper hand in education and find a well-paying job!

1. What is the key to learning how to code?

A．Being expert at communicating.	B．Mastering the rules and commands.
C．Possessing essential skills of writing.	D．Having interest in playing computer.

2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．Principles of coding.	B．Importance of coding.
C．Explanation of coding.	D．Devices that need coding.

3. What does the underlined part "upper hand” in paragraph 5 mean?

A．Advantage.

B．Pride.

C．Chance.

D．Permission.

4. What is the best title of this text?

A．Rules and Commands for Coding

B．Various Ways for Kids to Learn Coding

C．Benefits of Learning Coding at a Young Age

D．The Importance of Coding in Real Life

2 . Michael Surrell had just parked around the corner from his house when he found the house next door was on fire. He went immediately to investigate and he heard a woman crying* "The baby's in there!" Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, then 64, with lung disease, instinctively （本能地）ran inside. "The baby" was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman's granddaughter.

Entering the burning house was like " running into a bucket of black paint," Surrell says. The thick smoke prevented him from seeing anything, burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he came outside to catch his breath. "Where is Tiara?” he asked desperately. "The second floor," the woman shouted back.

The darkness was overwhelming. Yet because the house had a similar layout to his, he found the stairs and made it to the second floor. His throat and lungs burned as if he'd been taken in fire instead of the smoke.

Every blink stung his eyes. All he could hear was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but distinct moan (呻吟声)emerged. Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl. Finally, he touched something. A shoe, then an ankle. He held her into his arms and made his way out.

Surrell hugged her tightly and said, "Uncle's got you. ” Soon after, his throat closed off. Surrell spent over a week in the hospital. Tiara was released from the hospital after a few days.

The fire damaged Surrell's lungs and throat. "It's a small price to pay,” he says. “I'd do it again in a heartbeat. Wouldn't give it a second thought. "

1. What did Surrell do after he saw the house on fire?

A．Parked his car.	B．Called the police.
C．Went at once to help.	D．Run to save the woman.

2. What is the biggest challenge in getting into the house?

A．The smoke.	B．The heat.
C．The stairs.	D．The fear.

3. What can we infer about Surrell from the last paragraph?

A．He lost a lot of money.	B．He had a heart attack.
C．He hesitated before action.	D．He thought it was worthwhile to do so.

4. How do you like Surrell?

A．Brave and selfless.	B．Fearless and skillful.
C．Faithful and honest.	D．Considerate and confident.

3 . A study shows that the more eco-conscious way to shop is going to a physical store rather than by making purchases online from companies that don't have physical stores. Researchers estimated that shopping at physical stores for frequently bought items such as toilet paper, shampoo and toothpaste, often results in less greenhouse gas emissions than ordering the products from a company that only sells through the Internet.

The main reason is because of how people shop online： Many buy items online frequently — but they only buy a few items per purchase. Frequent online purchases produce more packaging waste, and online items tend to come from different distribution centers. Both factors result in higher greenhouse gas emissions per item.

The team modeled their research on the movement of goods from the factory all the way through to the end consumer. They analyzed the carbon footprint of the "last mile delivery" for the three most popular types of shopping channels in the United Kingdom — physical stores, "brick & clicks" (when people order online and a physical store delivers the items to them) , and "pure players” (strictly online sellers). Included in the three models were greenhouse gas emissions estimates from the number of products bought, transportation, warehouse storage , delivery and packaging activities.

The analysis showed that total greenhouse gas footprints per item purchased were higher from physical stores than those from bricks & clicks purchases in 63% of the shopping events but lower than those of pure players in 81 % of shopping events in the United Kingdom. In the United States, greenhouse gas emissions from shopping at physical stores were also estimated to be higher than from the brick & click channel, and lower than the pure play channel, on average.

This pattern holds true in countries where people mostly drive. It really depends on the country and consumer behavior there.

1. What is the function of the first paragraph?

A．To persuade the readers.	B．To show the research conclusion.
C．To compare two shopping ways.	D．To state the reason for this study.

2. Which is one of the disadvantages of frequent online shopping?

A．It is not convenient.	B．It is a waste of money.
C．It causes packaging waste.	D．It results in air pollution.

3. How is this research conducted?

A．By making comparison.	B．By doing experiments.
C．By giving an explanation.	D．By making a survey.

4. Which way of shopping might the author advocate?

A．Shopping by car.	B．Buying in physical stores.
C．Dealing with “pure players".	D．Purchasing from "brick   & click.

4 . Mrs. Hudson walked into the classroom with girl limping (瘸着走) behind her. She introduced, “This is Margaret. She just moved here from Florida. Let’s _________ her.” The teacher guided her _________ to a front seat, then bent over and _________ something in her ear. Finishing explaining the math problems. Mrs. Hudson _________, “Break time. Sec you in ten minutes.”

Boys _________ first. “Today, let’s meet at the far end of the sidewalk. And make sure the new girl doesn’t follow us!” I said. After a while, I came back to the _________. I wanted to find out if Mrs. Hudson liked my book report. With her usual big smile, she began, “Jack, you are a good _________.” Shifting my weight from one foot to the other, I was a little _________ that Mrs. Hudson liked me so much. Her _________ let me know how much she appreciated having me around. My teacher __________ in her quiet voice. “That’s __________ I am sure you will invite Margaret to play with you today.” Her __________ words sounded like frozen knives aiming at my heart. Could she __________ suspect what we had been saying about Margaret? Could she know how __________ I was?

Then I managed to __________ Margaret in our group. While many school memories have __________ over the years, the __________ Mrs. Hudson taught me has stayed with me. Mrs. Hudson gently guided me, __________ me to do the right thing. She believed in me, and __________ what she did, I rose to the level of her __________, both for Margaret long ago and even later in my choice of career.

1.

A．recommend

B．introduce

C．welcome

D．follow

2.

A．casually

B．hurriedly

C．nervously

D．gently

3.

A．spread

B．whispered

C．repeated

D．delivered

4.

A．cried

B．sighed

C．announced

D．agreed

5.

A．raced out

B．looked out

C．turned up

D．gave up

6.

A．school

B．classroom

C．office

D．platform

7.

A．guard

B．colleague

C．person

D．speaker

8.

A．embarrassed

B．satisfied

C．convinced

D．worried

9.

A．answer

B．comment

C．explanation

D．prediction

10.

A．begged

B．replied

C．urged

D．continued

11.

A．why

B．how

C．when

D．where

12.

A．doubtful

B．confident

C．honest

D．comfortable

13.

A．possibly

B．regularly

C．hardly

D．necessarily

14.

A．greedy

B．smart

C．awful

D．outgoing

15.

A．refuse

B．praise

C．separate

D．include

16.

A．remained

B．existed

C．faded

D．refreshed

17.

A．process

B．principle

C．secret

D．lesson

18.

A．forcing

B．challenging

C．ordering

D．permitting

19.

A．because of

B．regardless of

C．in spite of

D．in terms of

20.

A．beliefs

B．expectations

C．success

D．standard

5 . Mountain-biking

You can choose from guided downhill or cross-country mountain biking to road cycling and families can enjoy peaceful, slower paths and farm trails.

Extra activities include hiking, water park.

GO: Five-night B&B packages including transfers and guided biking, from £374 per person. Bike hire from around £15 a day. See wizzair. com.

Camping

Get back to basics on a campsite with none of that fancy glamping. The pitches are large so you can light your own campfire at night. Walkers are in heaven here, hiking among the limestone hills filled with traditional stone walls.

Also a great destination for fishing, sailing and windsurfing on nearby Lake Semerwater.

GO: Non—electric grass tent pitches from £20 a night. Tipi already pitched from £70 a night. See pitchup.com.

Whale-watching

Scotland’s west coast, one of Europe’s best places to catch sight of whales, has launched a new whale trail. It features 30 top places offering opportunities to see the wildlife and showcases whale heritage sites.

GO: Accommodation along the trail is reasonable including B&B in a double room at Torran in Ullapool from £70 a night. See bandbullapool. co. uk.

1. How much might you pay for two days’ bike-hiring in Mountain-biking?

A．£15.

B．£20.

C．£30.

D．£374.

2. What will you do in Camping?

A．Hunt for animals.	B．Enjoy challenging camping.
C．Visit traditional stone walls.	D．Climb an across-country mountain.

3. Where can you find coastal B&Bs?

A．At bandbullapool. co. uk.	B．At pitchup. com.
C．At wizzair. com.	D．At aurora zone. com.