1 . Compassion has not been a traditional characteristic of sport. With its UK roots in 19th-century British public schools and universities, modern sport developed as way of creating strong military leaders, training them to develop adaptability defined in those times by iron will and biting the bullet. Fear and harsh criticism were crucial to toughening up players and soldiers alike. The “tough guy” narrative was strengthened by 20th-century media stereotypes and Hollywood’s heroes and became rooted into sport and society.
I’ve heard countless stories like the popular culture I found when I joined the Olympic rowing team in the mid-1990s. We were expected to suffer after mistakes or losses to show that we truly cared, and everyone believed coaches needed to be severe and unforgiving to get results. These approaches still exist. But an alternative approach with compassion at its center addresses aims of performance and wellbeing for those with greater ambitions.
This isn’t some soft option which plays down hard work, as supporters of the earlier traditional sporting mindset might criticize. Research across branches of psychology — behavioral, sports, positive — shows how compassion creates the strongest foundation for adaptability and sustained performance under pressure whether in sport, the military, healthcare or business. Rather than activating our threat system which began to help us survive way back, compassion helps us to feel safe and protected, leaving us free to learn, connect with others and start exploring what we’re capable of.
The continuous need to improve performance has led top coaches to appreciate that high performance requires levels of support to match the level of challenge. When you provide that, players start thriving while striving to achieve more. Rooted in compassion, a different coach-athlete relationship thus develops.
The dictionary definition of compassion includes the recognition of another’s suffering and the desire and support to relieve it. Compassion has been shown to decrease fear of failure and increase the likelihood of trying again when failure does happen. But how many talented athletes experience that depth of support in moments of crisis and failure?
1. What does the underlined phrase “biting the bullet” in paragraph one mean?A.Commitment. | B.Ambition. | C.Suffering. | D.Toughness. |
A.To arouse people’s interest about rowing. |
B.To recall a painful training experience. |
C.To draw a distinction between training approaches. |
D.To bring out a compassion-centered training approach. |
A.Criticism about the compassion. | B.Necessity of employing compassion. |
C.Characteristics about the compassion. | D.Fields that compassion is involved in. |
A.The media is active in developing tough training style. |
B.Extraordinary athletes rarely received enough support. |
C.The compassion-centered training is widely used in sports. |
D.Compassion means more openness to failure and less training. |
Dave had loved basketball for as long as he could remember and he had never had a day without playing it. At primary school and junior high school he joined basketball clubs, attended training programs and watched basketball games, from which he learned the moves of the star players, wishing to play in a professional team like them and shine on the court.
Now as a senior high school student, however, his dream of becoming a professional player was dimming (变暗) because he was only of average height. He had to give up the hope of joining the school team. The guys on the school team were all tall boys who played matches and won honors for the school. They were like heroes. Dave watched them play and cheered them but he knew he would never be one of them.
Dave felt it a pity not to be tall enough, but this didn’t stop him from pouring his passion into basketball. He just played for the love of the sport. He played in the school gym with other boys or by himself every day, even during holidays and weekends, when it was open for two hours in the morning. He enjoyed every minute on the court making every effort to play better.
It was one Saturday morning. Dave was playing in the gym by himself, as all the other boys were busy with other weekend affairs. Then he noticed a tall boy approaching. It was Lankas. Everybody knows him as captain of the school basketball team. “Hi, Lankas,” Dave greeted him. “My name is Dave.” “Hi, Dave,” Lankas replied as he got closer. “Nice to see you here. Do you need an opponent to play against?” Dave was shocked, frozen right there, unable to believe his ears but somehow, he answered, “Why not?”
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
So, a game of two players began.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next Saturday, when Dave was playing in the gym, Lankas appeared shouting, “Dave, I have good news for you.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3 . People refer to never forgetting how to ride a bike or throw a baseball as examples of “muscle memory”, the result of a motor learning.
Previous research has shown that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves. In one study of mice, the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in response to an overload of training, those extra nuclei aren’t lost during subsequent periods of inactivity. They are retained (保留), essentially waiting to be reactivated. If you fell off the fitness wagon (马车) during the pandemic, don’t be frustrated. Once you have got additional nuclei, you are banking the capacity.
Ultimately, muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport.
A.The best way to tap into it is to “get back on the horse”. |
B.Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way. |
C.This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long lasting. |
D.That is to say, we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought. |
E.It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two. |
F.It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have. |
G.All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme. |
1. When did adventure racing become popular?
A.In the 1970s. | B.In the 1980s. | C.In the early 1990s. |
A.The long distance. | B.The mixture of many events. | C.The terrible racing environment. |
A.One day. | B.Three days. | C.Ten days. |
A.Carrying clothes. | B.Suffering from hunger. | C.Staying awake. |
5 . Mark asked, “Do you think they’ll let me play?” Mark’s father knew that few boys would want someone like Mark, mentally and physically disabled, on their team, but the father still approached to ask the boys if Mark could play. They exchanged glances with each other and said, “We’ll try to put him in to bat.”
Mark struggled over to the team’s bench and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart. The boys saw the father’s joy at his son being accepted.
In the bottom of the final inning, Mark was scheduled to be at bat. Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible. The first pitch (投) came and Mark missed. The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Mark. As the pitch came in, Mark swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.
The pitcher could have easily thrown the ball to the first baseman, but he just threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates. The audience and the players from both teams started screaming, “Mark, run to first!” Never in his life had Mark ever run that far but made it to first base, wide-eyed and shocked.
By the time Mark rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team, who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time, understood the pitcher’s intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head.
All were screaming. “Mark, run to third.” As Mark rounded third, all were on their feet, crying, “Mark, run home!” Mark ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who won the game for his team. Tears rolled down the father’s cheeks.
That day, the boys from both teams helped bring true love and humanity into this world.
1. Why did Mark’s father, not expecting much, still asked if Mark could join the team?A.Because he noticed some of the boys on the field were friendly. |
B.Because he knew some of the boys on the field knew Mark well. |
C.Because he understood Mark did need a feeling of being accepted. |
D.Because he guessed Mark’s disability would affect the boys’ decision. |
A.The pitcher wanted to help Mark win the game. |
B.The pitcher pretended to throw the ball high and far. |
C.The pitcher looked forward to winning the game for his team. |
D.The pitcher had intended to throw the ball to the first baseman. |
A.Some of the opposing players ran to help him. |
B.The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman. |
C.The opposing players failed to stop his running to home. |
D.The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him. |
A.True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other. |
B.Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents. |
C.The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players. |
D.Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled. |
6 . Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout.
If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel. A fed workout will provide your body with power. Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.
Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea. They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating. With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat.
Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings.
A.However, a fasted workout might not work for you. |
B.How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity. |
C.These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body. |
D.To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts’ minds. |
E.Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice. |
F.Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat. |
G.A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts. |
Reducing the number of calories every day is the ticket to good health. It works in lab animals. It also works in human
Researchers looked into
Many could not do it. The average calorie reduction was twelve percent. That is a reduction of
1. 活动目的;
2. 活动时间、地点、参加人员及经过;
3. 活动反响。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________