1 . People believe that climbing can do good to health Where can you learn the skill of climbing then？ If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you're wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms. Here, people are learning on special climbing walls. The climbing wall goes straight up and has small holding places for hands and feet.

How do people climb the wall? To climb need special shoes and a harness（保护带） around your chest to hold you. There are ropes tied to your harness. The ropes hold you in place so that you don't fall. A beginner's wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. There are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes it's easy to see the new piece of metal. Sometimes, it's not. The most difficult is to control your fear. It's normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so it's difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from the wall, the harness and the ropes hold you, and you begin to feel safe. You move slowly until you reach the top.

Climbing attracts people because it's good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb, both your mind and your body can become stronger.

1. What can we infer from the passage?

A．People are fairly interested in climbing nowadays

B．It is impossible to build up one's body by climbing

C．People can only learn the skill of climbing outdoors

D．It is always easy to see holding places in climbing.

2. The most difficult thing to do in wall climbing is        .

A．to tie ropes to your harness

B．to control your fear

C．to move away from the wall

D．to climb straight up

3. What does the underlined word “workout” in the last paragraph most probably mean?

A．Settlement	B．Exercise.
C．Excitement	D．Tiredness

4. Why does the author write this passage?

A．To tell people where to find gyms

B．To prove the basic need for climbing

C．To encourage people to climb mountains

D．To introduce the sport of wall climbing

5. Where do you suppose this text comes from?

A．A science book.

B．A research report.

C．A sports magazine.

D．A sports history book.

2 . Olympic host cities are generally considered to be equipped with advanced technology and expensive facilities. Now, people can just go there for a little Olympic-level entertainment.

Athens, Greece (1896 and 2004)

Home to the first modern Olympic games in 1896, Athens' history of the Olympic tradition dates back several thousand years. Every four years, the Olympic torch is lit at the Panathenaic Stadium in Athens before beginning its long journey to the new host city. Visitors can walk through the Olympic Velodrome in the Olympic Sports Complex and step back in time at the 50,000-seat stadium.

Barcelona, Spain(1992)

These days Barcelona is among the world's most visitable cities even without Olympic fame, but that isn't always the case. The telecommunications tower built for the games by Spanish architect Calatrava is also an iconic(图像的） device of the city's skyline, and its Olympics stadium- Montjuic Stadium is regularly used to host A-list musical performances like The Rolling Stones, Madonna, and Beyonce.

St Moritz, Switzerland(1924 and 1948)

Appropriately, the town that invented Alpine tourism has hosted the Winter Olympics twice, and continues to make use of its many sports facilities-if you can afford to get there. Stay at the Kulm Hotel for the easiest access to the Kulm Country Club, where guests can skate on the same lake used by mid-century Olympians, or test your courage on the Olympia Bob Run, one of the few places where you can ride a full-speed Olympic bobsled(双人雪橇） on a run constructed entirely of ice.

Sydney, Australia (2000)

The turn-of-the-century Sydney Summer Olympics were named the "Green Games" by the International Olympic Committee (10C) and were designed to introduce a more environmentally conscious way of hosting the event. The structure that best shows Sydney's efforts to be an example of continuing Olympic development is the ANZ Stadium.

1. Where does the host city get the Olympic torch lit?

A．At the Panathenaic Stadium.

B．At the Olympic Sports Complex.

C．At the Montjuic Stadium.

D．At the ANZ Stadium.

2. Who will probably choose to visit St.Moritz?

A．Those fond of ice-sports.

B．Those fond of listening to opera.

C．Those interested in popular music.

D．Those interested in Olympic history.

3. What's special about Sydney Olympic Games?

A．Their designers are from Spain.

B．They are thought poorly of by the IOC.

C．They are hosted in an environmentally friendly way.

D．Their design intention is proposed by Sydney authority.

3 . Every person has time for exercise. The way is to take steps to include exercise convenient for your lifestyle. After I started getting into a habit of exercising, I was surprised by how much I could get done in a day, both physically and mentally. You can make exercise a part of your daily lifestyle.     1    

Start small

One of the reasons exercise programs fail is that we bite off more than we can chew. Instead of telling yourself you’re going to exercise today for an hour, tell yourself you’re going to exercise for five minutes.     2    

Break your exercise into parts.

No time for 30 minutes of exercise? No problem. Do three bouts (一回) of 10 minutes, or six bouts of five minutes each.    3     Just keep a running table of how many minutes you exercise each day to ensure you’re getting the minimum you desire.

    4    

Devices such as Fitbit activity trackers (跟踪系统) turn exercise into a game of sorts. Each day, you can measure how many steps you’ve taken. Many people find this attractive to their competitive spirits, and they and they take great pains to meet their goals. The technology is there, and it’s very affordable.

Exercise with someone else.

    5     You don’t want to let him or her down, even if you’re feeling like you’d rather not work out. Find someone and start moving. You’ll be able to inspire one another and celebrate your success.

A．Use technology to help.

B．Always stay active with exercise.

C．Yes, just five minutes and get up to walk around.

D．Here are four steps to help you do it effectively.

E．You’ll still get the same time, no matter how you break it down.

F．High-tech products are becoming popular with many young people.

G．It’s much more difficult to say “no” to exercise when you have an exercise partner.

4 . The decision on Tuesday by Japan and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to postpone the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games until next summer because of the novel coronavirus pandemic must have been a hard one to make.

Although the Games have been canceled—three times in all, in 1916, 1940 and 1944—due to the two world wars in the modern Olympics’ history of more than 120 years, never before have any Games been postponed to a different year.

Nonetheless, the decision is the right one. If it is not brought under control, the harm done to human society by the pandemic could be more serious and far-reaching than even the two world wars. Given the number of countries affected and social and economic shock waves that have been caused by the rapid spread of the virus, postponing the Games is the only right and sensible choice to make.

After all, nothing is more important than people’s lives. Postponing the Games not only safeguards the health of athletes, audiences and everyone involved in the Games, but also reduces potential transmission of the virus from one place to another. Even looking at it from only a sporting level, the pandemic has already caused huge disruptions to athletes’ training and the qualification process.

It is undoubtedly a big blow for Japan, which has prepared meticulously for the largest sports event in the world, including renovating and upgrading its infrastructure and sports venues, such as rebuilding Tokyo’s Olympic Stadium at cost of $1.45 billion. Japan will suffer huge loss at least in the short term.

The international community owes a big “thank you” to Japan for all it has done for the Games despite the postponement. That’s why the Games will still be called the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020 despite taking place in 2021. The Olympic flame will also remain stored and displayed in Japan.

More importantly, all members in the Olympic family, guided by the Olympic spirit of respect and understanding are morally bound to stand behind Japan to go through this most difficult moment in the Games’ history.

1. What does the word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The decision.

B．The Games.

C．The pandemic.

D．The war.

2. What does the underlined word “meticulously” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．Wisely.

B．Recently.

C．Easily.

D．Precisely.

3. We know from the passage ________.

A．the Games should be put off in times of war and disaster

B．the Games will still be called Tokyo 2020 Games for its sacrifice

C．postponing the Games will have a bad influence on the athletes

D．the Olympic family will have to make up for the loss of Japan

4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．The whole world will support Japan.	B．Japan will keep the Olympic flame burning.
C．Postponing the Games will bring the world hope.	D．Tokyo will become the symbol of the Games.

5 . If you're out for a run, what difference does it make if you're able to tough it out for another 50 seconds? If you're less than a minute from the top of the hill, that extra time can make the difference between having reached your goal and snatching defeat from the jaws of victory.

How do you get those extra seconds of energy? A research team at the Texes Tech University developed a study to measure what effect listening to music would have on exercise tolerance. The researchers based the study on a stress testing. As part of the testing, they noted any changes in heart rate and blood pressure as participants underwent physically stressful exercise.

The tests were done on treadmills (跑步机), which increased in both speed and incline (坡度) through three stages. In the final stage, the treadmills moved at 10 miles per hour at a 14-percent grade. Most of these tests were designed to last up to 40 minutes. The average gym-goers lasted 30 minutes. For this study, they divided 127 participants into two groups. One listened to upbeat(快节奏) music, while the other group had earbuds in but did not listen to music.

The group that listened to music was able to outlast the non-music group by an average of 50.6 seconds. Again, being able to go an extra minute may seem like a no-brainer ,but “after 30 minutes, you feel like you are running up a mountain, so even being able to go 50 seconds longer means a lot," said the study's lead author, Waseem Shami, MD.

The study has confirmed something runners and gym-goers have suspected for years: Listening to music during workout can be beneficial to your endurance. "Our findings reinforce the idea that upbeat music can help you exercise longer and stick with a daily exercise routine," said Shami. When doctors are recommending exercise, they might suggest listening to music, too."

1. Why did Shami’s team conduct the research?

A．To test the effect of music on health.	B．To know the cause of failure in sports.
C．To improve runners' exercise tolerance.	D．To record the body change of participants

2. What did the researchers than about the Participants in the stress testing?

A．They ran much faster than average runners.	B．They created a new record of indoor sports.
C．They could run a little longer with music on.	D．They all enjoyed extreme physical challenge

3. What do the underlined words “a no-brainer” mean in paragraph 4?

A．A dull activity.	B．A foolish action.
C．A demanding task.	D．An easy practice

4. What did Shami suggest us doing in the last paragraph ?

A．Developing a daily exercise routine.	B．Listening to music while working out
C．Participating in physical stress testing.	D．Taking exercise as doctors recommend.

6 . The exciting game of football

Football is one of the most popular sports in the US.     1     That kind involves kicking a round ball into a net and is called soccer in North America. American football, however, uses a ball that is pointy (尖的) on both ends. While it does include some kicking, there is more throwing and catching involved.

In football, there are 11 players from each team on the field at one time. Each team tries to move the ball across the opposing team's goal line to score. The quarterback (四分卫) throws the ball, and the person who catches it tries to run past the opposing team's players. The way to stop someone running with the ball is to tackle him. That means hitting right against him and trying to knock him down to the ground.     2    

The biggest professional football organization in the US is the National Football League (NFL). The NFL championship game is called the Super Bowl, and it is one of the most watched television events around the globe.      3     For example, millions of toilets are flushed (冲洗) at the same time during half-time. Also, 14,500 tons of chips are consumed during the game.

Most sports fans are happy with just sitting in the stands and cheering on their teams.     4    They dress themselves in their team's colors. Some of the excitement happens before the games even begin. Fans gather and hang out in the parking lots outside the stadiums and have huge parties.     5     There are also endless amounts of sodas and beers. All of these combined with the game itself make football one huge and popular social event.

A．However, it isn't the game of football played in other parts of the world.

B．As a result, professional players have to be strong and quick.

C．It is an exciting sport that can sometimes get pretty rough.

D．There are many amazing facts about the Super Bowl.

E．It is also the wealthiest sports league in the world.

F．Everything from sandwiches to chips is served.

G．For some, that is not enough.

7 . Fitness trackers are designed to record your physical activity. They are usually worn around the        wrist, where they measure a persons heart rate. Many people wear them in the hope of losing weight.       But a new study finds the electronic device probably does not help with weight loss, according to the       researchers from the University of Pittsburgh in the US.

The University of Pittsburgh research team watched two groups of individuals. The first group wore a        fitness tracker and took part in health counseling. The researchers compared this group with people who only took part in health counseling. The study found that those who simply had health counseling lost more weight than those who had counseling and wore a fitness tracker. In fact, those who only spoke with the health experts lost nearly six kilograms. Those who used a fitness tracker lost only three and a half kilograms.

John Jakicic is the lead researcher. He is also chairman of the university’s Department of Health and        Physical Activity. He questioned the use of electronic devices as tools for weight control and conducted        a study which involved 470 people between the ages of 18 and 35. Some of them were overweight,       while others were heavier and considered obese. Over three fourths of the people were women. All       people were told to have their weight measured once every six months over the two-year study. After       six months, researchers divided the group into two parts: one continued with monthly counseling, while members of the other group were given a wearable fitness tracker. Eighteen months later,both groups       showed significant improvements in body fitness. However, when it came to losing weight, the people       who only spoke with the health experts lost nearly twice as much weight.

1. Which of the following methods is used by the researchers?

A．The prediction method.	B．The comparison method.
C．The reference method.	D．The measurement method.

2. From John Jakicic's research. we can know that______.

A．fitness trackers are very useful for those who want to lose weight.

B．we can rely on electronic devices to control weight.

C．electronic devices are not that useful as we thought in helping people lose weight.

D．fitness trackers are designed to record your physical activity.

3. What do you think the author will discuss next?

A．Why they did this research.

B．What advantages the wearable fitness tracker can bring us.

C．Why the former group members lost more weight than the latter.

D．How to choose a suitable wearable fitness tracker.

8 . Many ski resorts are built and opened in Beijing.Skiing has become a popular sport and enjoyed rapid growth in the past ten years.A lot of people have been very eager to add bright-coloured ski suits to their winter collections And many choose to start the Chinese New Year by gathering in ski resorts.They do not have to worry about Beijing’s dry weather which seldom produces snow.As long as it is cold enough,snow-making machines will manage to cover the hills in the north of the capital.

This craze(一时的狂热)for skiing is partly due to the fact that there has been an increasing number of private cars.Leisure industry has taken off in Beijing's suburbs,which were unreachable to ordinary people at first.One manager of a ski resort said that most visitors drove their own cars to his resort,while the others took buses rented by schools,businesses or government offices.

The craze seems to make huge profits for resort owners.But,according to the manager,making money is yet the biggest challenge,since starting and running ski resorts require a large amount of money.Hiring land from the local government,preparing the hills for skiing,buying enough snow-making machines,renting ski equipment and paying for water and electronic bills all cost a lot.

The ski resort where the manager works costs nearly four million dollars to get everything read.What makes things worse is that too many people want a share in the leisure industry.People rush into the business and a price war breaks out,which in turn makes it more difficult for resort owners to balance.But this is good news for consumers.Beijing now offers some of the cheapest ski training classes in the world.It also helps skiing continue its growth since the low price is likely to attract more newcomers.

1. What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Convenience brought by private cars to skiers.

B．Skiing as a new way of enjoying one's spare time.

C．Things to be considered when starting a ski resort.

D．A sudden increase of ski training classes in Beijing.

2. What does the underlined words"leisure industry"in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Transport to ski resorts.

B．Production of family cars.

C．Business of providing spare time enjoyments.

D．Part-time jobs for people living in the suburbs.

3. What is the main problem in running a ski resort?

A．Difficulty in hiring land.	B．Lack of business experience.
C．Price wars with other ski resorts.	D．Shortage of water and electricity.

9 . You already know that sports benefit your physical health. Now, research has found that sports participation can positively affect your mental health as well.

Ports can improve your mental skills.

    1     These skills include critical thinking, learning and using good judgment. Research has shown that doing a mix of aerobic and muscle strengthening activities is especially helpful. Participating in this kind of activity three to five times a week for at least 30 minutes can provide these mental health benefits.

    2    .

Sports can improve the quality of sleep. They do this by helping you fall asleep faster and deepening your sleep. Sleeping better can improve your mental outlook the next day as well as improve your mood.     3    Evening practices within a few hours of bedtime may leave you too excited to sleep.

Sports have been linked to leadership traits(品质 ).

Team sports such as football, baseball and basketball are good for developing leadership traits. Because of the opportunity to train, try, win or lose together, people involved in these sports are naturally more inclined to adopt a" team mindset(思维模式) in the workplaces and in social situations.    4    

Doing sports is good for your health. But keep in mind: some team sports may result in injuries.    5     However, some injuries, such as brain trauma and concussion, can cause lifelong damage to people. So be careful when you do sports and avoid sports injuries as much as possible.

A．The team mindset will lead to strong leadership qualities over time.

B．When you are physically active,your mind is distracted from daily stresses.

C．Most sports injuries will result in a complete recovery if there is proper medical attention.

D．Regular physical activity helps keep your key mental skills sharp as you age.

E．The same source suggests that participating in a team sport improves academic performance.

F．Sports can help you sleep better.

G．Just be careful not to engage in sports too late in the day.

10 . Speaking of Oxford and Cambridge,people will immediately think of the two oldest and most famous universities in the UK.It is also known to the public that the competition between the two universities is very intense,especially when the annual Boat Race is held.

Oxford and Cambridge are both located near rivers,and rowing is a popular and prestigious sport.The very first race took place in 1829,when a student from Cambridge challenged his former school friend who was studying at Oxford.Gradually,the Boat Race between the two universities has become tradition.The team who lost from the previous year will challenge the other team to a rematch.

The Boat Race was first held on the River Thames at Henley.Later,it was moved up along the river to somewhere near Putney,in south-west London.The average race time IS about 20 minutes,but the record is just over 14 minutes.The famous competition is usually held in March or April every year.Over the years the two universities have gone head-to-head on the river.

The race is a very popular spectator event.There are a large number of people who are attracted every year to the River Thames to watch the event,and several millions more to watch on television.The training for the race is very tough,and rowers practise very hard in order to try to win the next race.

1. The underlined word"prestigious"in paragraph 2 can be replaced by“______”.

A．Dangerous

B．crowded

C．famous

D．uncertain

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．The very first race took place in the 19th century.

B．The Boat Race was first held on the River Thames at Henley.

C．There are many people to watch the event every year.

D．Cambridge challenges Oxford every time

3. What is the best title for the passage?

A．The Annual Boat Race Between Oxford and Cambridge

B．The Oxford and Cambridge Universities

C．The Training for the Annual Boat Race

D．Public Competitions Between Oxford and Cambridge