1 . Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death, but football, rugby and running may not help people to live longer, a study suggests.

A study followed more than 80,000 people for an average of nine years to find out if certain sports protected them against early death. It found that people who played racket sports regularly were the least likely to die over the study period, reducing their individual risk by 47 percent compared with people who did no exercise. Swimmers also reduced their chance of death by 28 percent, aerobics (有氧运动) fans by 27 percent and cyclists by 15 percent. Yet running appeared to have no impact at all on dying early, and neither did playing football or rugby.

Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes alongside sports like tennis and squash (壁球), which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game. It means that people often have larger social net-works and tend to keep up activities into later life, both of which are proven to be good for health.

In contrast, people who play team sports often do not move onto a new sport once their teams break up for family, or injury reasons. They become watchers rather than participants in their chosen activity.

The researchers found that playing racket sports was associated with a 56 percent lower risk from heart death. Similarly, swimmers lowered their heart disease or stroke risk by 41 percent, and people who took part in activities like aerobics, dance or gymnastics lowered their risk by 36 percent. But again running, football and rugby had no significant impact on heart deaths.

However, other experts argue that this study must not be misinterpreted as showing that running and football do not protect against heart disease. In this study both runners and footballers had a lower rate of death from heart disease.

1. Which sport has hardly any impact on protecting people against early death?

A．Cycling.	B．Swimming.
C．Rugby.	D．Tennis.

2. According to the study, which makes a big difference in keeping healthy?

A．Playing basketball with their friends occasionally.

B．Watching football games every day.

C．Taking up gymnastics and joining a club.

D．Doing running in the park every day.

3. What is considered more important to people's health?

A．Social networks.	B．Staying at home.
C．Physical examinations.	D．Setting up families.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．Thousands of people participated in a 9-year research.

B．Study finds playing tennis helps people live longer.

C．It is wrong to say running has no impact on heart disease.

D．There are differences between racket sports and team games.

2 . There’s nothing magical about the number 10,000. In fact, the idea of walking at least 10,000 steps a day for health goes back many years to a marketing campaign started in Japan for the sale of a pedometer (计步器). And, in the years that followed, it was accepted in the US as a goal to build up good health. It’s often the default setting (默认设置) on fitness trackers, but what’s it really based on?

“The original basis of the number was not scientifically determined,” says researcher I-Min Lee of Brigham and Women’s Hospital. She was curious to know how many steps you need to take a day to maintain good health and live a long life, so she and her workmates designed a study that included about 17,000 older women. Their average age was 72. The women all agreed to wear devices to track their steps as they went about their day-to-day activities.

It turns out that women who took about 4,000 steps per day got an increase in longevity (长寿), compared with women who took fewer steps. In fact, women who took 4,400 steps per day, on average, were about 40 percent less likely to die during the follow-up period of about four years compared with women who took 2,700 steps. The findings were published Wednesday in JAMA Internal Medicine.

Another surprise: The benefits of walking maxed out at about 7,500 steps. In other words, women who walked more than 7,500 steps per day saw no additional increase in longevity.

Janz, who released the new national exercise recommendations last November, says the message that comes from this study was encouraging. “I think it’s really good news for women who may not be particularly active.” says Janz. “All they have to do is walk. To me, this study suggests there are more benefits to light activities than we were previously thinking there might be.”

1. How did the idea of walking 10,000 steps a day come into being?

A．It was made up by a group of elderly ladies.

B．It was indeed the result of a scientific research.

C．It actually came from a business advertisement.

D．It was based on a test by both Japan and the US.

2. Which is an ideal choice for women walkers according to the study?

A．2,700 steps.	B．4,400 steps.
C．10,000 steps.	D．17,000 steps.

3. Which of the following does Janz agree with?

A．Light activities benefit people most.

B．The study is not as satisfying as expected.

C．Women should be more active than before.

D．The result of the study is a little surprising.

4. In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage?

A．Health.	B．Culture.
C．History.	D．Tourism.

3 . We’ve all been there: Just when you’re getting used to your new workout routine, suddenly your knee is killing you.     1     Before injury strikes, listen to these signs that might show your body needs some time off.

You’re always sore (酸疼).     2     But if you’re exercising regularly, you shouldn’t constantly be feeling sore. You should always give your muscles 24 to 48 hours to recover between training sessions. If you still feel sore, it’s possible you’re overtraining.

    3     Anger, anxiety, and tiredness are also signs. It is known that exercise can make us happier because of endorphins — a stress-fighting chemical — in the brain. However, those endorphins are also accompanied by cortisol, a stress chemical. And when cortisol levels remain high for an extended period, they cause harm on mental health.

Your heart rate is abnormal. One of the best ways to tell if you’ve been overtraining is to check your heart rate. If you’re above your normal, then your body is not really ready for a hard workout that day.     4           

The best thing about noticing these symptoms (症状)?     5     A little R&R (rest and recovery) is just what your body ordered!

A．You’re constantly tired or emotional.

B．Yes, you’ve over-worked yourself into an injury.

C．Fortunately, recovery is simple — just take it easy for a few days!

D．That’s one of the best ways to judge your readiness to exercise.

E．Sure, a bit of muscle soreness after some workout is totally normal.

F．It’s much easier to relax and check heart rate than it is to recover from an injury.

G．Doing the same activity over and over without proper recovery is going to cause injury.

4 . Staying fit while indoors

During this special time, it’s a good idea to do some indoor exercises. Exercising has many benefits.    1    , when you start feeling and looking just as you desire. Here are some great ideas to get you started!

Run in place

Start by kicking your feet behind you as you run. Then, bring your knees up as high as possible when you feel like you’ve warmed up. Start by running in place for five minutes.

    2    .

Work on mountain climbers.

Start by getting into a standard push-up (俯卧撑) position.    3    , keeping your arms in place. Replace your left leg and bring your right knee to your chest. Continue to alternate legs. Repeat this three times for 30 seconds each set.

    4    

Begin by getting into a plank (平板支撑) position. Then, bend your elbows and lower yourself toward the floor but do not touch the floor. If this is too difficult, bend your knees as you do the push-ups. Start by doing a set of 10, and work your way up to three or four sets.

Tone your legs with squats (深蹲)

To do a squat, stand with your feet hip-width (与臀部同宽) apart. Then bend your legs. Bring your bottom as low as you can. Stand back up and repeat the motion. Work your way up to doing three sets of 20.    5    .

A．Try planks (平板支撑) for full body toning (身体紧实)

B．If you want an added challenge, hold weights while you squat.

C．Do push-ups to tone your upper body

D．Then bring your left knee to your chest

E．If that is too difficult, lower yourself onto your elbows

F．The hard work will pay off big time

G．Then, try to run in place for ten minutes

5 . Why do you run? Different people have different reasons. Whatever your reason is, there’s one thing we can be sure of: Running is much better injury-free. In his book, Dr. Jordan Metzl’s Running Strong, Metzl has the perfect suggestions for enjoying your running without losing your well-being (健康). Here are five must-follow rules for injury-free running:

Train for your level of fitness and your goals.

Don’t run more miles than your body can deal with. If you run for fitness and your goal is about 30 minutes a day, that’s cool. But if you are just starting out,     1    

Wear the right shoes for your feet.

You will hear lots of opinions about whether running shoes really help prevent injury and whether you should even wear them.     2     And some of you may need a little added assistance from inserts (鞋垫).

    3    

Be honest about how much sleep you need and stick to it. The cool runner is the one who wins the race. Sleep will get you there.

Fuel (提供能量) your body right for running and recovery.

    4     And after a workout or race, you need to deliver nutrients to all the body rebuilders in your muscles, so they can do their job and get you back into tip-top shape for your run tomorrow.

Pay attention to pain.

When pain changes the way you run, stop running.     5     And use dynamic rest (动态休息) to stay in shape until you are back on your running feet.

A．Get seven to eight hours of sleep every night.

B．Try to find out what is going on and treat the pain.

C．you need to get there slowly.

D．Running should be seen as fun rather than pain.

E．It is because of the health benefits, including lowering your risk of disease.

F．The right running shoes can help correct foot-movement problems that lead to injury.

G．A good pre-run meal plan is one that keeps you stepping strong.

6 . Finding time to do both homework and exercise is getting easier for students at a growing number of schools. Workout machines are appearing in many school libraries. The latest school to fix the Fit Desk Bike Desk is Troy University， which now has a total of six in the libraries. Over the past three years， the Bike Desks have also been fixed at four other universities.

The idea of pushing "active workplaces" is far from new. From standing offices to treadmill （跑步机）meetings， companies have been exploring the benefits of getting employees up from their desks-benefits that include higher morale （士气）and improved work performance. And a recent study that focuses on younger children suggests a strong connection between physical activities and good grades.

Chris Shaffer， who is director of library services at Troy University， says he thought it would be worth experimenting with the machines. "The final goal is to make the library a welcoming place that our students want to visit"， says Shaffer， "If we can find a way to let our students study and become healthier at the same time， then I am all for it. " He says the experiment is so successful so far that the university has ordered three additional Bike Desks.

Troy junior Niquette says the bikes have been in use every day he has visited the library. "Keeping a proper diet and exercise schedule during college is near impossible， "he says， "These offer a special way to study and I hope the university continues to add more." Senior Raven hasn't used the Bike Desks yet but says she wishes they'd been fixed sooner. "I remember being a junior and the gym is so crowded， with the smell of sweat， loud music and people moving around，" Raven says， "I think the machines are a great idea. You can do sports quietly while others focus on their study.

1. What can we learn from the first paragraph？ ______

A．University students are doing more exercise now.

B．Doing homework is easy for university students now.

C．Troy University introduced the Bike Desk to other schools.

D．Fixing workout machines in libraries is becoming popular.

2. What is the second paragraph mainly about？ ______

A．The types of exercise at workplaces.

B．The explanation of work performance.

C．The development of active workplaces.

D．The benefits of exercising during work and study.

3. What is the purpose of fixing the Bike Desks according to Shaffer？ ______

A．To make the library attractive to students.

B．To make students become healthier.

C．To help students to get good grades.

D．To do experiments on the machines.

4. What do Niquette and Raven think about the bikes？ ______

A．They are easy to ride.

B．They are really useful.

C．They make the library noisy.

D．They distract students.

7 . Running is becoming popular these days. Many people run to keep fit.     1         However, if you’re doing it wrong, you won't get such good results. Fortunately, here are some tips to help you.

•Set right goals

    2     Be smart and set the right goals. Sign up fora fun run or a 5K first, before even thinking about a marathon. Your goal should simply be to finish. If you push yourself too much, it is possible that you will get hurt and won't want to insist on running.

•Wear suitable shoes

Once you’ve decided to try out running, it's time to get yourself new shoes, as the wrong pair can cause foot pain. Wearing the wrong shoes can destroy your workout plan.     3    

•Eat properly before or after a run

Some of you don't eat before or after a workout. Your body needs energy to exercise.     4    So it's important to give your body energy. Experts suggest that you eat foods before and after a workout to help with your body's fat burning process.

• Run out of the city

If you live in a busy city, running along city streets is the easiest way to get in the miles, but if it's possible, find a less polluted space for your long runs.     5     Exposure to air pollution can cause damage to brain health and the lungs, so running at a cleaner environment might be worth the extra time.

A．Fresh air cleans our lungs.

B．It is a good, inexpensive way to get into shape,

C．It’s exciting to start running, but don’t set your goals too high.

D．Another side effect of skipping meals is to make you feel tired.

E．And not eating properly will affect your mental and physical being,

F．Therefore, before running, you should go to the shoe store to buy a new pair of running shoes.

G．Research shows that running in polluted air doesn’t give you the same benefits (好处) as running in clean air.

8 . You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?

If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She's a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn't have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.

“The trophy has to stand for something,” Dweck told TFK. “If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best.

Others say that there's no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.

“I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts.”

Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式),” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”

There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They'll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.

1. According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?

A．Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.

B．David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.

C．Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.

D．Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game

2. Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?

A．There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.

B．Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.

C．Kids should be given trophies for trying their best.

D．It is necessary to encourage kids' participation in sports.

3. The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”．

A．honor	B．choose
C．value	D．stress

4. What is the best title of the passage?

A．Who deserves a trophy?	B．All kids deserve a trophy
C．What does a trophy deserve?	D．Best player deserves a trophy

9 . Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your choice of sport might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(高尔夫球场) in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortages in some local areas.

In fact, there are many environment friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don't need any special equipment except a pair of good shoes; and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk can regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and control your weight better.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be "green gyms". They are better replacements(代替物) for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it's free.

1. What do we know about golf from the passage?

A．It is popular in Portugal and Spain.

B．It needs water and energy to keep its courses green

C．It pollutes the earth with chemicals and waste.

D．It causes water shortages around the world.

2. The author uses power walking as example mainly because        .

A．it uses fewer resources

B．it improves our health

C．it is an outdoor sport

D．it is recommended by experts

3. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?

A．Playing basketball in a gym.

B．Motor racing in the desert.

C．Cycling around a lake.

D．Swimming in a sports center.

4. What’s the purpose of the author writing the passage?

A．To show us the function of major sports.

B．To encourage us to go in for green sports.

C．To discuss the major influence of popular sports.

D．To introduce different types of environment friendly spors.

10 . All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy and happy, and to live longer.     1    They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when their player or team wins.

    2     Soccer, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China, Egypt or Italy!     3     So many people like to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada.

Some sports or games go back thousands of years like the marathon. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Both of them are only about a hundred years old yet.         4     Water-skiing is one of the newest events in the family of sports.

People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game together they often become good friends.     5     One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.

A．And think of people in cold countries.

B．Sports help to train a person’s character.

C．People aren’t inventing new sports or games.

D．Many people like to watch others play games.

E．People are inventing new sports or games all the time.

F．Not a few people take part in different sports competitions themselves.

G．Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere take part in them.