You’ve probably seen the term extreme sports in magazines, heard about it on the evening news, and seen it     1     (advertise) in sporting goods stores. So, what exactly are extreme sports?

During the 1970s and 1980s, the term “extreme sports”     2     (use) for sports that were often dangerous and could result in injury or even death. Today, however, extreme sports also include     3     (activity) that give a feeling of adventure without     4     (necessary) putting your life in danger. For every extreme sport there is professional equipment that has been   developed     5     (protect) your body and improve your performance.

Extreme sports cover a wide     6     (vary) of activities. Some extreme sports have developed     7     a familiar activity, like mountain biking. Some extreme sports may not be well-known. Bouldering, for example, is a type of rock climbing in     8     no rope is used. It usually takes place in an area with large rocks or in climbing centers.

People have never stopped     9     (develop) new types of extreme activities. These sports are gaining     10     large audience and growing in popularity, especially among young people.

It’s nothing new that physical activity leads to better health. But for the     1     (one) time in 10 years, the US government has changed its guidance on how much exercise people need    2     (stay) healthy and when they should start.

The new guidance states children as young as 3 need to be     3         (physical) active. Dr Diroir says the most important time for children to begin exercising is between 3 and 5, and     4    children in this age group need at least three hours of activity every day.

Doctors say     5     is important to start young from birth to 5, a child’s brain develops more than at any other time. These developments have a lasting effect     6     a child’s ability to learn and to succeed in school and in life. As for children between 6 and 17, at least one hour of moderate to vigorous activity a day     7    (recommend). Most of this activity should be aerobic exercise.

For adults, the     8     (suggest) length of time for exercise remains the same ---150 minutes per week of moderate to vigorous physical activity. Those over 65 should include     9     (activity) that help aid balance. Better balance means     10     (few) falls and less chance of injury.

The new guidelines have changed nothing about the dangers of sitting too much. It is especially harmful and can even undo the benefits of exercise you may have gained.

The game of basketball was created by Dr. Naismith, a Canadian who worked as a physical education    1    (instruct) at a college. He noticed    2    lack of interest in exercise among students during wintertime. The Canadian winters were very cold, so the students were    3    (will) to do outdoor activities. Naismith determined that a fast-moving game    4    (play) indoors would fill the empty after the baseball seasons had ended. In December of 1891,he    5    (hang) two old baskets at either end of the gym, and with nine players on each side, organized the first basketball game. In less than a year, basketball was being played in    6    the United States and Canada. Five years    7    (late), a championship was held in New York City.    8    that time, the team had already been reduced to seven, and five became standard in the 1897 season. When basketball first appeared in the 1904 Olympic Games, it    9    (quick) spread throughout the world. In 1906, a metal ring    10    (use) to replace the basket, but the name basketball has remained.

China has been selected to host the World Skills Competition in Shanghai in 2021, an event it hopes to us for building a stronger team of skilled workers nationwide and to improve international     1    (exchange) in technical skills. Hosting the event will help guide the whole society     2    (respect) the spirit of skilled workmanship. It will also help create     3     social atmosphere of respecting labor and admiring skill. China has 165 million skilled workers, including 47.9 million who are classed as highly skilled. They were first classified by the government in 2003. They     4    (include) as one of the major State-level talent groups along with theoretical scientists in 2015,     5    (mark) a significant rise in their social status.

China’s     6    (early) modern skills training can date back to the Qing Dynasty. It was in 1866     7     the Foochow Shipbuilding Institution in Fujian province was established. In 1978, the adoption of the reform ad opening-up policy highlighted a shortage of     8    (talent) technicians. As a result, the number of students at technical institutes rose sharply. More recently, technical education     9    (receive) greater support from the central government to help shape the nation’s producing power. Every year, more than 100 million people have access     10     technical education and training.