1 . The United States does not have a government office that regulates the film industry. Government, ___________does link with the movie business in several ways.

In the United States, films generally come from two _______: large studios that produce many films and television programs each year and independent filmmakers, including both students and experienced filmmakers. Sometimes — through grants from universities or arts or humanities councils — independent filmmakers do receive_______ indirectly from funding that originated with the local, state, or federal government, but more often funding comes from private investors or through charity organizations   _______ either promotion of arts or promotion of a cause being addressed by a film.

While there is no _______ of film, there are many government offices that interact with the film industry. At the state and local levels, government film offices promote local film locations because use of their local brings employment and other _______ advantages to promote local tourist sites. These offices also help filmmakers work with the police and others to _______filming that impacts traffic, use public buildings, or otherwise needs special consideration.

_______, government organizations, especially the branches of the military, have offices that help coordinate filmmakers’ use of facilities, equipment, and even personnel. It would be _______, for example, for a filmmaker to construct a make-believe aircraft carrier or to hire a cast of extras to be in the ________ of a movie who look like real soldiers, sailors, airmen, or marines (whose haircuts, fitness levels, and posture are often different from that of civilian actors). The military is willing to make their facilities   ________, within reason, for approved projects, and each branch has an office that handles these requests. Other branches of the government ________ requests to use public spaces and buildings, such as monuments or parks.

Many years ago, the U.S. Government did produce quite a few feature films and worked closely with Hollywood on films that would encourage public morale (士气) during wartime. However, since World War II, these programs have been   ________ due to a combination of budgetary and philosophical concerns. The United States Information Agency, ________, for many years produced films for exhibition to overseas audiences to complement its other educational programs. One such film, John F. Kennedy: Years of Lightning, Day of Drums, a posthumous contribution to the president, even won the 1965 Academy Award for best documentary. This ________, now a part of the U.S.

Department of State, no longer produces such feature films.

1.

A．therefore

B．moreover

C．however

D．otherwise

2.

A．factors

B．sources

C．studios

D．methods

3.

A．criticism

B．invitation

C．support

D．guidance

4.

A．regarded as

B．compared to

C．made of

D．concerned with

5.

A．ministry

B．feature

C．promotion

D．need

6.

A．educational

B．economic

C．enormous

D．effective

7.

A．cooperate with

B．focus on

C．arrange for

D．make up

8.

A．Hopefully

B．Similarly

C．Surprisingly

D．Obviously

9.

A．flexible

B．impatient

C．neutral

D．difficult

10.

A．industry

B．background

C．civilization

D．entrance

11.

A．academic

B．artificial

C．available

D．apparent

12.

A．address

B．introduce

C．receive

D．propose

13.

A．promoted

B．initiated

C．eliminated

D．highlighted

14.

A．for example

B．by contrast

C．in reality

D．as a whole

15.

A．agent

B．program

C．director

D．organization

2 . People usually communicate by speaking or writing. However, some occupations rely on hand gestures to communicate.

Railway workers on the _________ must communicate with other employees such as engineers on the trains. _________ this, they use lanterns or flags. To _________ go’, a railway worker stretches out his arm with the lantern _________ his head and moves the lantern up and down.

Soldiers in battle often cannot hear each other. It has been_________ that soldiers use a complex _________ of gestures to communicate with each other. When a leader wants other soldiers to follow him, he points to them, and then he uses his arm to point _________ the direction they should go. Soldiers in different countries use similar signals so that they can understand each other even if they are not from the same group.

In classical concerts, musicians such as pianists and violinists _________ the directions of the conductor. He or she will direct the other musicians during the song through hand movements and by _________ a small stick known as baton. Therefore, hand gestures also __________ an important role in the orchestra.

1.

A．station

B．way

C．earth

D．ground

2.

A．To do

B．Doing

C．For doing

D．Do

3.

A．signal

B．mean

C．point

D．note

4.

A．on

B．above

C．along

D．to

5.

A．suggested

B．repeated

C．reused

D．remarked

6.

A．way

B．device

C．system

D．organization

7.

A．to

B．in

C．into

D．from

8.

A．do

B．follow

C．operate

D．flow

9.

A．moving

B．showing

C．removing

D．waving

10.

A．do

B．work

C．play

D．make

3 . If you try to explain to someone, without using pictures, how to build the building that you have designed, it would take an enormous amount of writing and might end up with a very funny-looking building. The architect uses pictures called details to show how many hundreds of parts go together to form a complete building. This type of drawing is called drafting and is done by people called draftsmen.

Draftsmen make up the largest group of the architectural offices’ work force. Because of the wide range of duties they perform, draftsmen are sometimes called architectural technicians. In a typical office, there are not only career draftsmen but also architectural graduates working as junior draftsmen to learn the trade. Career draftsmen are usually graduates from a two-year junior college called technical school. There was a time when architectural office used young people right out of high school as tracers. Their job was to trace over the other people’s details while learning to be a draftsman. This is no longer possible with the fast-pace of architects’ offices today although a junior draftsman is given guides by the more experienced employees.

So a good comprehensive architectural drafting course is a must before anyone seeks a job with an architectural firm. The job of the draftsmen is to translate the ideas and directions of architects, designers and engineers into complete and accurate working drawings. These become the plans and details used in the actual construction of a building. The project must be shown in great detail and drawn very clearly, so there is no chance for misunderstanding by the contractors(承包商). Every line and figure has an effect on the finished product.

As you can see, the draftsman is a key member of the architectural team. Of course, a junior draftsman is not expected to produce a complete set of working drawings. Depending on the size of the office and difficulty of the project, draftsmen may work in groups. The group leader coordinates the group and works closely with the project architect while the drawings are being produced.

Working conditions are mostly very pleasant as draftsmen’s work is intense and many people depend on accurate work. Each draftsman has a large combination drawing board and desk with various drawing aids. Almost without exception, members of the architectural team have at one time in their careers worked as draftsmen. This is essential to an architect education and most architects never get very far away from the drafting board.

1. According to the passage, career draftsmen are usually ______.

A．experienced architects	B．architectural designers
C．high school graduates	D．graduates of technical schools

2. We can learn from the passage that “working drawings” refers to ______.

A．the architect’s rough drawings and directions

B．the ideas and directions for the project

C．the plans and details for the actual construction

D．the designer’s handbooks, tables and building codes

3. What can we learn about draftsmen from the passage?

A．They all work in groups with a project architect.

B．They are the main members of the architectural team.

C．They provide labor and building materials.

D．They give guides to inexperienced architects.

4. What is most essential for draftsmen’s work according to the author?

A．An architect education.	B．The spirit of team work.
C．Accuracy in the drawings.	D．Advanced drawing aids.

4 . “Come in, Kim. Have a seat, please.” said Bill Williams, the manager. This was Kim’s first experience with an assessment. After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment (测评) was satisfactory.

“Kim.” began Bill Williams. “I am very pleased with the quality of your work. I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work. My only concern is that you are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions.”

“But,” replied Kim. “I have always completed every assignment you have given me. Mr. Williams.” “I know that, Kim. And please, call me Bill. But what I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas. I need more input from you—more feedback on how things are going I don’t need a “yes man”. You never tell me what you think. You just smile as though everything is find.”

“But,” said Kim. “I feel that since you are my superior, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.”

“I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do. To make suggestions. I employed you because I respect your experience in this field, but you are not communicating your thoughts to me.”

“Yes, I see. I’m not accustomed to this, but I will try to do as you say…, Bill”

“Good, then, I expect to hear more from you at staff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me.”

“Yes, of course. Thank you, Mr. Will… Bill.”

1. Kim is the sort of employee who _______.

A．does not speak out his own ideas	B．is not devoted to the job
C．laughs too much over work	D．can not finish his work on time

2. The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “______” .

A．full of respect	B．too confident and rude
C．lacking in experience	D．too shy and quiet

3. From the passage, we can learn that _______.

A．Kim has been invited to take charge of the staff meetings.

B．the manager appreciates those who just do what be tells them to do

C．the manager is pleased with Kim’s hard work and his suggestions

D．Kim is likely to have a higher salary if he can pass the assessment.

8 . All over the world, people admire the beauty and grace of butterflies. Butterflies come in every color imaginable, and their_________display an incredible variety of patterns. The largest butterfly, Queen Alexandra’s Birdwing, has a wingspan (翼展) of up to 280 millimeters and lives in Papua New Guinea. The smallest, the Western Pygmy Blue in the southern U.S., has a wingspan of only 12 millimeters. Sadly, some of these beautiful creatures are now _________.

Estimates indicate that between 15 and 20 thousand species of butterflies exist around the world. A number of these species are endangered, over 20 in Japan_________. Although that number may seem small, losing even one species would be_________. Nowadays scientists even look to butterflies as a _________of the environment’s health, since they are _________ to environmental changes. Many environmentalists around the world are eager to protect the endangered butterflies from extinction. The American Museum of Natural History in New York, for example, has an unusual butterfly exhibit. This exhibit _________ the important role that butterflies play in our environment.

In recent years, environmental groups have made significant progress in _________endangered butterfly populations. Governments throughout Asia have passed laws to help protect endangered wildlife, including butterflies. An area called Butterfly Valley in Assam, India, has become the focus of conscious _________ to protect the butterflies’ habitat (栖息地). Other projects in Serbia, Japan, and Canada are also hoping to __________. Some of these efforts are already starting to work. The population of the El Segundo Blue Butterfly in California, for instance, has increased by 8 percent since 2010.

Finding a cure for the butterfly crisis is, __________, not just for environmental groups. __________citizens can plant butterfly gardens to support and enjoy these gentle creatures. A group of female prisoners in Belfair, Washington, are helping to rescue an endangered species called Taylor’s Checkerspot. They recognize how__________ seemingly insignificant creatures can be. The world cannot afford to lose any butterflies. As environmentalist John Muir once__________, “When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it __________ to everything else in the Universe.”

1.

A．colors

B．bodies

C．wings

D．feelers

2.

A．out of control

B．in great danger

C．on the fly

D．out of date

3.

A．nearby

B．though

C．besides

D．alone

4.

A．predictable

B．possible

C．imaginable

D．terrible

5.

A．factor

B．picture

C．measure

D．display

6.

A．exposed

B．accustomed

C．sensitive

D．resistant

7.

A．highlights

B．changes

C．replaces

D．finds

8.

A．preserving

B．controlling

C．observing

D．recognizing

9.

A．projects

B．efforts

C．steps

D．groups

10.

A．set an example

B．keep the promise

C．make a difference

D．take the time

11.

A．however

B．furthermore

C．otherwise

D．therefore

12.

A．Distinguished

B．Leading

C．Senior

D．Ordinary

13.

A．graceful

B．significant

C．pitiful

D．mysterious

14.

A．proposed

B．commented

C．promised

D．recommended

15.

A．restricted

B．adapted

C．contributed

D．recommended

9 . Feeling lucky and want to try your luck on the lottery (彩票)? The chances of becoming a millionaire are definitely few   (in fact you are more ___________ to be struck by lightning). But millions of ordinary people, like you or me -- or John Goodman, this week’s lottery millionaire-- regularly buy our tickets, just ___________. Maybe, we too will join the hundreds of people who win jackpots (头奖)on national lotteries every week.

John Goodman, 42, an unemployed father of two from Sweden, is the latest to join the jet set. John was having a quiet drink in his local pub with his mates when his ___________ came up on the TV and he found out he’d won ￡17 million. According to locals, John is already planning to buy the pub.

___________, people like John and his fellow lottery millionaires aren’t the only winners. The turnover (营业额) for the ___________ industry in the UK alone is over ￡42 billion per year-- that’s over ￡115 million a day. And over ￡1.5 billion of this goes to the government in taxes.

The lottery has always been popular with ___________ as a way of raising money. When the British government was looking for ways to spend more on sport and the arts in the 1990s, it ___________ the lottery. When America was recovering from the Civil War, lotteries helped ___________ the building of more than 50 universities, including Harvard and Yale. And over 2,000 years ago in China, the Great Wall was partly paid for with lottery money.

But where there are winners there are also ___________. It is well-known that the poor play the lottery more often than the rich and some ____________ of the lottery call it a tax on the poor. People on ____________ incomes can end up spending hundreds of pounds a year on lottery tickets and some will become lottery addicts. Meanwhile, the rich play it ____________ by investing their money in less risky ways-- buying stocks and shares, ____________.

Large sums of government money go to charities every year and charities certainly ____________ it. But at the same time, when lottery money starts coming in, governments usually ____________ the amount that they normally spend on good causes (事业). This means that many charities, and especially the low profile ones, can suddenly find themselves with a lot less money.

So who actually wins in the end? It’s something to think about next time you find yourself tempted to buy a lottery ticket.

1.

A．sure

B．likely

C．surprised

D．pleased

2.

A．as a rule

B．for certain

C．in case

D．on purpose

3.

A．winning numbers

B．lost tickets

C．ideal location

D．favorite program

4.

A．However

B．Besides

C．Meanwhile

D．Otherwise

5.

A．service

B．gambling

C．manufacturing

D．food

6.

A．musicians

B．politicians

C．athletes

D．armies

7.

A．turned in

B．turned off

C．turned away

D．turned to

8.

A．hold down

B．take on

C．set up

D．pay for

9.

A．sellers

B．buyers

C．losers

D．competitors

10.

A．experts

B．supporters

C．critics

D．developers

11.

A．improved

B．high

C．average

D．low

12.

A．interesting

B．dangerous

C．safe

D．boring

13.

A．by contrast

B．as a result

C．in addition

D．for instance

14.

A．welcome

B．ignore

C．reject

D．keep

15.

A．increase

B．reduce

C．forget

D．remember

10 . It took brave European explorers less than 300 years, between 1420 and 1713, to establish that all the seas of the world formed an enormous and continuous ocean. This discovery encouraged them to _____ into areas which hadn’t been charted until then. With the discovery of new lands, new trade routes were _____. In many parts of the world, colonies and settlements were established and many odd-looking products were brought back to _____, arousing great interest and _____ wealth.

It was probably the irresistible desire for wealth that _____ persuaded Europeans of the fifteenth century to _____ their legendary dangers and explore further out into the open seas. They were also _____ by the love for their countries. Many explorers wanted to serve their kings and countries as well as gain personal _____ from their exploring.

The most effective way of gaining wealth was through _____. Silk, gold, silver and ______ stones, and more importantly spices, such as gingers and peppers, were the most profitable trade goods in Europe. Spices were of the greatest ______ because they enabled the Europeans to make their winter diet of salted meat more delicious. These items were ______ mostly from the East by a difficult overland route. The Italian ______, who bought goods from the Arabs of Alexandria, controlled the trade along this route. Other countries of the Mediterranean ______ the wealth which this trade generated and they were ______ to discover new routes which would allow them to share in it.

1.

A．sail

B．walk

C．fly

D．drive

2.

A．set back

B．set off

C．set up

D．set against

3.

A．the East

B．the Mediterranean

C．Europe

D．Italy

4.

A．inheriting

B．creating

C．saving

D．losing

5.

A．frequently

B．hardly

C．frankly

D．eventually

6.

A．recognize

B．risk

C．realize

D．foresee

7.

A．discouraged

B．praised

C．forced

D．inspired

8.

A．business

B．benefit

C．fame

D．rights

9.

A．trade

B．war

C．conquering

D．bargaining

10.

A．precious

B．rough

C．hard

D．smooth

11.

A．interest

B．efficiency

C．value

D．practice

12.

A．exported

B．imported

C．robbed

D．occupied

13.

A．soldiers

B．explorers

C．pioneers

D．merchants

14.

A．lost

B．won

C．possessed

D．envied

15.

A．disappointed

B．available

C．anxious

D．reluctant