1 . Artemis is NASA’s new lunar exploration program. Through the Artemis program, NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars.
NASA’s new rocket will carry the Orion spacecraft to lunar orbit. Then, astronauts will dock (对接) Orion at a small spaceship called the Gateway, from which the crew will take trips to the lunar surface in a new human landing system, and then return to the Gateway. The crew will return to the Earth aboard Orion.
NASA will test the rocket and spacecraft in flight, then send a crew for a test flight:
Artemis 1 will be a test flight of the SLS rocket with the Orion spacecraft with no crew.
Artemis 2 will fly SLS and Orion with a crew past the Moon, then circle it and return to the Earth. This trip will be the farthest any human has gone into space.
Artemis 3 will send a crew with the first woman and the next man to land on the Moon by 2024. The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon’s South Pole. No one has ever been there.
At the Moon, astronauts will:
Search for the Moon’s water and use it.
Learn how to live and work on the surface of another celestial body (天体) where astronauts are just three days from home.
Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars, which can take up-to three years round trip.
The Moon is a good place to learn new science. NASA will learn more about the Moon, the Earth and even the Sun. The Moon is a “test bed” for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from the Earth on Mars for long periods of time.
1. What is the aim of the Artemis program?| A．To help astronauts return to the Earth. | B．To be ready for the landing on Mars. |
| C．To study the Mars using new science. | D．To test the Moon landing spacecraft, Orion. |
| A．Going to the Moon’s South Pole. | B．Making the farthest trip into space. |
| C．Sending the first man to the Moon. | D．Flying to the Moon with three persons. |
| A．Send astronauts to Mars. | B．Run a three-year-long test. |
| C．Find and make use of water. | D．Learn to live not far from home. |
| A．It is possible to live on another planet now. |
| B．The crew will reach the lunar surface from the Orion. |
| C．NASA has sent the first woman astronaut to the Moon. |
| D．The Artemis program is of great help to Mars exploring. |
2 . Although we live in an era where everything seems to be available immediately, our study suggests that today’s kids can delay gratification(满足感) longer than children in the 1960s and 1980s,“ said University of Minnesota psychologist Stephanie M. Carlson.” This finding stands in great contrast with the assumption by adults that today’s children have less self-control than previous generations.
The original marshmallow(棉花糖) test conducted by researchers at Stanford University involved a series of experiments in which children aged between 3 and 5 years were offered one treat that they could eat immediately or a larger treat if they waited. Researchers then left the room to see how long the children would wait and watched from behind a one-way mirror.
Interestingly, today's adults thought that children nowadays would be more impulsive and less able to wait, Carlson found. "Our findings serve as an example of how our beliefs can be wrong and how it's important to do research,” said co-author Yuichi Shoda, PhD at the University of Washington.
The researchers offered several possible explanations for why children in the 2000s waited longer than those in prior decades. They noted a statistically significant increase in IQ scores in the last several decades. Another explanation may be society's increased focus on the importance of early education, according to Carlson. The primary objective of preschool changed from largely custodial care (监护) to school readiness in the 1980s. Parenting also has changed in ways that help promote the development of executive function, such as being more supportive of children's self-control, the researchers noted.
Walter Mischel of Columbia University, who co-authored this paper, noted that “while the results indicate that the children’s ability to delay is not weakened on the marshmallow test, the findings do not speak to their willingness to delay gratification when faced with the many temptations now available in everyday life.”
1. According to the passage, what is the adults' assumption about today's children?| A．They are not easy to please. |
| B．They are less able to control themselves. |
| C．They don't like things that are easy to get. |
| D．They have different personalities from previous generations. |
| A．productive | B．considerate |
| C．clear-minded | D．hot-headed |
| A．They are more prepared to go to school. |
| B．They are not as clever as previous generations. |
| C．They are taught self-control only by their teachers. |
| D．They don’t need any custodial care in their early childhood. |
| A．Most children nowadays can't resist the temptations of everyday life. |
| B．Children chose to delay gratification willingly in the marshmallow test. |
| C．The test can’t accurately measure children's willingness to delay gratification. |
| D．Children’s ability to delay gratification is weakened because there are many temptations. |
3 . I believe that my actions show my beliefs, not my words.
I wrote a letter to my kids a few years ago. It’s three pages long, and it sums up my life experience of four decades. By the time they reach adulthood, they will have heard most of their father’s advice in that letter: live in the moment, do not attach yourself to physical things, treat others the way you would like to be treated, etc. I sealed the letter in a white envelope, and wrote instructions that nobody should open it unless something horrible happened to me.
As a police officer, I have seen life disappear in an instant. I realize that could happen to me at any time. Yet knowing that letter is there in my locker makes me more comfortable with my own death.
Every day, when I open my locker, I see the letter. It makes me aware that I should be careful at work, and show my children and the people I have connection with that I try to practice everything I have written. If that day comes and my children finally read the letter, I hope that because of my actions, they will take my written beliefs to heart and improve upon my example.
But for me, it’s not enough to write down my beliefs. I try to be the best person I can be every day-even in very difficult circumstances. I am more successful some days than others, but sometimes I curse too much. Sometimes I am cynical, unwilling to believe that people have good and honest reasons for doing something. I also get stressed and upset, yelling at my kids sometimes, and sometimes I am not as loving or as sympathetic as I should be. In fact, I am far from perfect, but I hope my children will eventually realize that perfection is an illusion. What really matters is that, instead of just writing down our beliefs, we all take action to be the best humans we can be.
1. Which of the following can best describe the author?| A．Humorous. | B．Interesting. |
| C．Selfless. | D．Considerate. |
| A．He wanted to confirm his beliefs. | B．The letter served as a reminder. |
| C．He kept adding something new to it. | D．His kids asked him to check it. |
| A．Doubtful about others’ motivations. | B．Curious about everything around. |
| C．Worried about his future life. | D．Unsatisfied about his profession. |
| A．Parents should care for children. | B．To become a successful father. |
| C．To be better today than yesterday. | D．Bad guys deserve to be punished. |
4 . Student Scholarships
5 Strong Scholarship
Application Deadline： August 20th
Scholarship Description： The 5 Strong Scholarship Foundation is a team of experienced educators that have over 30 years of experience in helping minority nationality students get into college. We have teamed up to form a foundation that's going to be devoted to building groups of 5 college ready scholars and placing them on the campuses of Historically Black Colleges and Universities.
Contact： Andrew H. Ragland； 770-873-6621
$ 1,000 College JumpStart Scholarship
Application Deadline： October 8th
Scholarship Description： The $ 1,000 College JumpStart Scholarship is a virtue-based competition that is open to 7th—12th graders and college students and non — traditional students. Applicants must be juniors or seniors or adult students.
Contact： Adrian Monk； 650-319-8441
ACF Andrew Piech Memorial Scholarship
Application Deadline： July 9th
Scholarship Description： One or more scholarships are awarded each year to New Mexico graduating high school seniors and continuing college students. Students must go after a degree or certificate from a non-profit public or technical professional institution including community college.
Contact： Daniel White； 505-883-6240
“Species On The Edge 2. 0” Social Scholarship
Application Deadline： September 19th
Scholarship Description： Conserve Wildlife Foundation invites high school student from across the state to submit an original social media campaign showing why wildlife is important to protect. The fun and educational contest provides students with the opportunity to show their talent, creativity and love for nature. The students may get scholarships if they perform well.
Contact： Stephanie Dalessio； 609-984-6021
1. What's the $ 1,000 College JumpStart Scholarship mainly based on?| A．Certificate. | B．Virtue. |
| C．Protecting wildlife. | D．Helping black students. |
| A．Stephanie Dalessio. | B．Adrian Monk. |
| C．Daniel White. | D．Andrew H. Ragland. |
| A．5 Strong Scholarship. |
| B．$ 1,000 College JumpStart Scholarship. |
| C．ACF Andrew Piech Memorial Scholarship. |
| D．“Species On The Edge 2. 0" Social Scholarship. |
5 . On a hot summer weekend, Jorge Ayub saw the public beach north of Boston already crowded with nearly 1 million people drawn to the annual sand sculpture festival. Traffic on the nearby road was heavy, bands played music loudly, and later that night fireworks would light up the beach.
And on the sand were four pairs of tiny shorebirds. These chicks(小鸟) were still too young to fly and a precious addition to the national endeavor to save a bird once down to 139 pairs in Massachusetts. It was Mr. Ayub’s job. “Everyone made it,” Ayub, a coastal ecologist reported at the end of the long weekend over the nests.
Once common, piping plovers(笛鸻) were hunted and then squeezed out of their habitats(栖息地) by coastal development until, in 1986, the federal government listed the Atlantic Coastal birds as threatened. The bird’s recovery has been halting. After three decades, the Atlantic population stands just under the 2,000-pair goal set by federal law.
But the star has been Massachusetts, which has seen plovers increase to 687pairs from 139 pairs in 1986. One reason for that: “chick-sitting” in which conservationists sometimes spend all day watching over the birds.
That progress has made Massachusetts the only East Coast state that decided to relax some Endangered Species Act restrictions: for example, to reduce the fenced-off areas and vehicle limits that have annoyed residents（居民）.
“Look at the stretch(一片土地)，”Anyb says. “We had six nesting pairs between here and that bathhouse 600 yards away. By regulation, each nest should have 100 yards of fencing. We could have put up fencing and closed the beach all the way to the bathhouse.”
Instead, the plovers are surrounded in much smaller areas by “symbolic fencing”. None of the 52 seawall entrances to the beach are closed. “If we put up too much fencing, people will be upset, and they are going to destroy it or walk right through the nesting areas,” Ayub says. “By opening the beach, people are happier and the species does better.”
1. What was Jorge Ayub doing at the beginning of the text?| A．Directing traffic. |
| B．Enjoying fireworks. |
| C．Looking after some birds. |
| D．Watching some bands perform. |
| A．slow | B．Similar |
| C．Important | D．Complete |
| A．It is an important habitat for wildlife. |
| B．It has done well in protecting piping plovers. |
| C．It encourages the residents to keep piping plovers. |
| D．It allows ecologists to test certain species of birds. |
| A．Supportive | B．Disapproving |
| C．Uninterested | D．Doubtful |
6 . Pacific Science Center Guide
◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store
Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.
◆Hungry
Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.
◆Rental Information
Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
◆Support Pacific Science Center
Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.
1. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?| A．In Building 1. |
| B．In Building 3. |
| C．At the the Laser Dome. |
| D．At the Denny Way entrance. |
| A．Train Science teachers. |
| B．Distribute science books. |
| C．Inspire scientific research. |
| D．Take science to the classroom. |
| A．To encourage donations. |
| B．To advertise coming events. |
| C．To introduce special exhibits. |
| D．To tell about the Center’s history. |
7 . The financial climate, the job market, family tensions, Obama moving into the Lincoln bedroom. Even the climate’s getting in on the list. Yup, change is everywhere in 2009. If you’re not careful, all kinds of strange things might happen in your otherwise ordered life, so it’s best to work at avoiding change whenever it rears its head (出现).
Here are 5 ways to do just that:
| 1. Ignore any opportunities How many times have you taken a chance, only for things to go wrong? How many times have you seized an opportunity only or it to slip between your fingers? There's always another mess waiting for you, so it’s better to stay right where you are. Where you are right now is a known quantity — it’s safe, warm and comfortable. Doesn’t that sound better than going out there, messing up and looking stupid? |
| 2. Set your expectations low If you’re one of the people out there looking to make a change in 2009 rather than having change made for you, you’d better set your expectations low. |
| 3. Keep on running and don’t look back The best thing to do is to set things out so that you can do everything. It’s good to be busy and running around after everyone else will mean that everyone’s happy and there’s no room for change to happen. It’s a win-win! |
| 4. Recognize that most changes are too big Face it; there are some tasks you’re just not up to. Landing that exciting new job, getting a promotion, taking on the “big project” or building a relationship that really works — these are all big challenges and you don’t want to bite off more than you can chew. |
| 5. Ignore that little voice inside You might sometimes hear a little voice in your head that tells you you’re not happy or that something has to change. This little trouble maker can speak up at any time and throw the Spanner of Confusion in the works, and it has only one thing on its mind — to take you out of your comfort zone and make you change. |
Imagine if everyone went around listening to what they really wanted and acted on it — what a mess! No, best to ignore it and carry on with what you’re doing.
1. The purpose of writing this passage is_________.| A．to introduce ways to avoid change in 2009 |
| B．to attract the readers’ interest in change in 2009 |
| C．to discuss whether people should change in 2009 |
| D．to tell the readers the news of American New President — Obama |
| A．set your expectations low |
| B．ignore any opportunities |
| C．keep on running and don't look back |
| D．ignore that little voice inside |
| A．you have big challenges to fight |
| B．you are too small to eat too much food |
| C．there are some big challenges you can’t fight |
| D．you are afraid of challenging some difficult tasks |
| A．to change something at once |
| B．to have a chat with the speaker |
| C．to discuss it with the trouble maker |
| D．to ignore it and go on with what you are doing |
