Skin is an essential part of your body, so if your skin gets burnt, it can lead to very serious
As an essential part and the largest organ of our body, the skin has many important functions. Therefore, getting burnt can lead to very serious
| A．Put on safety equipment. | B．Ride her bike more slowly. | C．Drive to another park. |
4 . Climbers targeting peaks above 5,000 meters in the Tibet autonomous region, including the north side of Qomolangma, now have to apply for a permit, according to a rule issued by Chinese sports authorities.
To make climbing safer, or at least less deadly, the General Administration of Sport and the sports bureau of Tibet released a notification (通知) requiring climbers to send an application to the bureau at least a month in advance of their planned climb. It said climbing without permits will be strictly forbidden.
“In recent years, cases of injuries, missing people and deaths have been witnessed as a result of illegal climbing,” the notification said. “Climbing is a highly professional sport with high risk. Most illegal climbers lack professional skills, facilities and tour guides. Such activities will interfere with orderly climbing and bring risks, not only to the climbers themselves but also rescuers. They will also lead to a loss of personal or national property.”
Applications will need to detail each individual climber’s personal information, proposed climbing routes and related plans. Climbers are also being asked to obey related rules to protect mountain environments. The notification also urged regional government departments to strengthen safety checks and the prohibition of illegal climbing, encourage residents to join regular patrols near major climbing routes and promote public education on climbing safety.
In a previous interview with China Daily, Kul Bahadur Gurung, general secretary of the Nepal Mountaineering Association, said difficult weather conditions, lack of experience and support personnel, and the commercialization (商业化) of expeditions were the main reasons for the high death toll on the world’s highest peak. “Since the number of people reaching the summit of Everest is increasing, everyone thinks it is easier to climb and everyone can climb, which is a totally false idea,” he said.
1. Why is a permit needed for Qomolangma climbers?| A．To stop illegal climbing. | B．To provide training ahead. |
| C．To limit the number of climbers. | D．To collect climbers’ information. |
| A．Test. | B．Change. | C．Replace. | D．Disturb. |
| A．Its content. | B．Its purpose. | C．Its background. | D．Its impact. |
| A．It’s a totally false idea. | B．It should be eco-friendly. |
| C．It’s highly professional. | D．It should be non-profitable. |
5 . My friend James did some first-aid training last week to learn the fundamentals of the CPR. And he asked if I’d ever done the same.
“Yes,” I said, “…and no.”
Because, yes, I’ve attended several resuscitation (复苏) sessions over the years.
What’s the problem? Every time I’ve had this type of training, it’s been a perfectly good opportunity to learn: an important topic, taught well, in a focused environment, with plenty to see, hear and do. I’ve always taken it seriously, too, and been focused. And I’ve always come away with a wealth of information.
Here’s what I should have done — and what you can do now — to make sure any training doesn’t go to waste.
•
• Challenge your recall later.
• Keep coming back. Put a note in your diary to test yourself again in a week, then ten days after that, then a month on…leaving longer gaps between checks.
Talking to James has inspired me to book myself onto yet another CPR course. But this time I’m determined to do it right. Remember that it’s the next day when the real training begins.
| A．Test yourself before you start. |
| B．Wait a day, then see how much you still know. |
| C．Stay curious about what you are eager to know. |
| D．All the basic information has stuck in your mind. |
| E．But no, I don’t exactly feel “trained” to save lives. |
| F．Yet virtually nothing has ever made it to my longterm memory. |
| G．Use the questions you wrote on the day to keep challenging yourself. |
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner
7 . Arthur Lih of Massapequa sold his first LifeVac, a device to help save people’s life, to a fire department about 18 months ago, when the Jericho Fire Department purchased 21 of the devices. Now about 10 Long Island fire departments have purchased Lih’s invention, which is designed to draw foreign objects from the throats of choking victims when procedures such as the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法) don’t work. He has sold about 5,000 LifeVac devices in the United States and abroad since the device went on the market in August 2014.
The Freeport Fire Department is one of Lih’s clients. It bought about 25 LifeVac devices to put on trucks, as well as in chiefs’ vehicles, said Ray Maguire, the department’s executive director. “It’s an extra tool in the toolbox,” Maguire said. “I’d be surprised if anyone who sees it doesn’t purchase it. It’s that tool you may only need once, but it’s the tool you really want in case you need it. It’s affordable. I have it in my car. I have one at home, too.”
Dr. Lee Smith at Northwell Health said that if a choking victim can’t breathe, he or she becomes a candidate for the Heimlich. If the Heimlich doesn’t work, the victim would probably lose consciousness because of a lack of oxygen.
A challenge for any new medical device is convincing potential users that it works and is safe. In tests, the LifeVac successfully removed an obstruction (阻塞物) from the throat of a dead human body on the first try 49 out of 50 times, according to an August research article in the American Journal of Emergency Medicine.
Lih invented the product in his garage, inspired after he went with a friend to a hospital while the friend’s mother was going through tests. The friend said the last time he was there, a 7-year-old child had choked to death on a grape.
1. What’s the function of the LifeVac device?| A．To put out the fire. | B．To remove foreign objects. |
| C．To design procedures. | D．To treat victims’ throats. |
| A．Its target users. | B．Its practical necessity. |
| C．Its major advantages. | D．Its reasonable price |
| A．A kid’s death. | B．His client’s suggestion. |
| C．A garage accident. | D．Material rewards. |
| A．A productive inventor. | B．A convincing cure. |
| C．An anti-choking device. | D．An important toolbox. |
8 . There have been several incidents at some events in recent years where people died because of unsafe crowd conditions and stampedes. The latest such one unfolded in Seoul, South Korea, where a Halloween gathering in a club district turned deadly, with at least 155 deaths being reported.
Have a plan before you need one
The key to staying safe in a crowd begins as soon as you arrive at the location.
Go with the flow
If there’s a sudden panic and crowds begin to push in a certain direction, you may fight back and push the opposite way.
As you move forward with the crowd, it’s best to move in a diagonal (对角线的) direction. The goal is to get to the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a chokepoint, like a doorway.
Find somewhere to protect yourself
Another potential way to handle the situation is to protect yourself and allow the crowd to move past you. Look for a solid structure to stand behind such as a pillar (柱子) or a wall.
Give yourself some breathing room
In many stampede events, people die from asphyxiation (窒息). But a possible way to avoid this is to place your arms in front of you, almost in a boxer — like stance (站立姿势).That could give you some very valuable breathing room — literally.
| A．Angle your way out. |
| B．Don’t move straight. |
| C．But that could be a big mistake. |
| D．But it’s surprisingly effective and possibly life-saving. |
| E．Other places to duck: behind a car or even a lamppost. |
| F．Namely, you should take note of where the nearest exits are. |
| G．This may leave some people thinking there’s little you can do to survive a stampede. |
9 . It was a bright May afternoon along the coast. Bauer and his 13-year-old daughter, Ava, were taking
Not far ahead of them, a truck was
The truck driver’s door opened. A man climbed out and
Matters quickly went from bad to frightening when the girl
Bauer jumped into the water without
Ava Bauer was
| A．advantage | B．hold | C．possession | D．charge |
| A．deserted | B．ignored | C．influenced | D．ruined |
| A．sliding | B．following | C．parking | D．approaching |
| A．hid | B．waited | C．rested | D．appeared |
| A．in time | B．by chance | C．on purpose | D．in vain |
| A．dropped | B．hurried | C．wandered | D．returned |
| A．embarrassed | B．terrified | C．excited | D．relaxed |
| A．rolled over | B．stood up | C．calmed down | D．set off |
| A．discouraged | B．puzzled | C．shocked | D．ashamed |
| A．permission | B．difficulty | C．doubt | D．hesitation |
| A．back | B．stomach | C．head | D．chest |
| A．Slowly | B．Surprisingly | C．Hopelessly | D．Immediately |
| A．loneliness | B．hunger | C．cold | D．tiredness |
| A．school | B．hospital | C．home | D．hotel |
| A．relieved | B．annoyed | C．surprised | D．inspired |
10 . The organic (有机的) food market is made up of the sale of organic foods, drinks and related services. These food products do not use a lot of food additives or industrial solvent (溶剂).
Increasing health concerns about the growing number of chemical poisoning cases globally is acting as a driver in the organic food market. People are paying more attention to health because of the harmful effects caused by the presence of chemical pesticides (杀虫剂) in food products.
The chemical pesticides in food products can cause cancer. According to a UN report, around 200,000 people die every year due to bad effects of pesticides in food products. This is causing people to change their focus towards organic food products.
Are organic foods safer? We cannot say yes immediately. Some data show possible health benefits of organic foods. Some studies have shown differences between the organic foods and the traditional ones. But there is little information to prove how these differences can give overall health benefits.
Compared with the traditional foods and drinks, short shelf life of organic foods is controlling the organic food market. For example, a study conducted by a research team shows that the shelf life of organic food products is shorter than traditional products. Similarly, some researchers find that many organic foods have higher levels of bacteria than traditional products, which cause food to go bad. As organic foods don’t have the similar amount of preservative (防腐剂) to that of traditional foods, organic foods are easier to gain bacteria attacks and have a shorter shelf life, which in turn makes it difficult for people to keep them. Thus, people will experience a high risk of buying the bad organic foods.
The organic food market is controlled by authorities such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to ensure high-quality standards of food products. Also, the authorities have come up with strict food labeling rules for the organic food market.
1. What makes people prefer organic foods according to the text?| A．The low price. | B．The food safety. |
| C．The special taste. | D．The unique packaging design. |
| A．The use of organic foods. |
| B．Ways of making organic foods. |
| C．An introduction to traditional foods. |
| D．The disadvantage of organic foods. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Doubtful. | C．Uncaring. | D．Objective. |
| A．A medical book. | B．A health magazine. |
| C．A cooking guidebook. | D．A book review. |
