1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Amazon Rainforest is home to a great variety of plant life;     1    , its soil is     2    (surprising) poor in nutrients. In fact, the soil in the region cannot support agriculture for more than a few years. If we give scientists a report     3     lists the nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert     4    (plant) can survive in it! Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients? For one thing, the rainy season has     5     impact on the soil. In the rainy season, the water level can rise to more than 12 metres.     6     the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil.     7     another thing, due to the Amazon’s hot climate, it is difficult for the soil     8    (build) up enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals     9    (break) down more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken in by the roots of the plants deep beneath the ground. As a result, most of the forest’s nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves,     10    (allow) them to grow at an unbelievable speed.

2 . For people suffering from depression, there’s an all-natural treatment they should use — getting more exercise. It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.

For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them. But that was less likely for people who were more active at the study’s start, even if they had a family history of depression. Higher levels of physical activity helped protect even those with the highest genetic risk of depression.

Both high-intensity (高强度) exercise and low-intensity activities were associated with a reduced risk of depression. Adding four hours of exercise a week could lower the risk of a new episode (一段经历) of depression by 17%, according to the study. “Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky,” said lead author Karmel Choi. “On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes.”

Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected. “Depression is so ubiquitous, and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible,” Choi said. And mental health and primary care providers can use the findings to advise patients that there’s something meaningful they can do to lower their risk of depression.

1. How did the researchers reach their conclusion?

A．By analyzing a mass of data.

B．By conducting genetic research.

C．By comparing various levels of activity.

D．By tracking the subjects for many years.

2. What does the study show about depression?

A．Physical activity betters medical treatment.

B．Exercise is able to decrease and prevent it.

C．Different levels of exercise intensity matter the same.

D．Exercising 35 minutes daily is the most effective treatment.

3. What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in paragraph 4 mean?

A．Harmful.	B．Complex.
C．Unusual.	D．Common.

4. What is the purpose of the text?

A．To discuss a disease.

B．To introduce a method.

C．To analyze a genetic risk.

D．To explain a phenomenon.

3 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One morning, Ann’s neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school. She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog and she planned to find its owner. Ann agreed, but she said that she could watch it only for the day because she needed to take care of her son. At the time, her son Thomas was 10 years old, who was recovering from a heart operation.

Later, Tracy took photos of the dog, printed off 400 FOUND fliers, put them in mailboxes and began to find the dog’s owner. Meanwhile, Ann bought some pet supplies, warning her son not to fall in love with the dog. However, her son was filled with excitement as he knew that his mother got a dog back home. He planned to provide the dog with some food everyday.

Four days later, Ann and her son were still looking after the dog, whom they had started to call Riley. During the four days, they took care of the dog carefully, provided some food, took a shower and played with it, and they had already become the best friends.

The evening of the fifth day, when Ann arrived home from work, the dog threw itself against the door and barked madly at her. As soon as she opened the door, Riley dashed into the boys’ room where Ann found Thomas suffering from a heart attack. Riley ran over to Thomas, but as soon as Ann bent over to help him, the dog went silent.

The doctor said if it hadn’t come to get his mother in time, Thomas would have died. Luckily, with the doctor’s help, Thomas could go home tomorrow morning.

“Mum, can we keep it if we can’t find its owner? Even we can ask for permission if we find the owner,” Thomas asked his mother when they came back home.

“Well, since no one has called to claim it, we decide to keep it,” his mother replied. Hearing that, Thomas was excited.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

However, the next day, Ann was told a man named Peter recognized his lost dog.

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Peter’s car came and Thomas stood silently beside his car.

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4 . If you’ve ever emerged from the shower or returned from your walk with a clever idea or a solution to a problem you had been struggling with, it may not be a surprise. Rather than constantly concentrating on a problem, research from the last 15 years suggests that people may be more likely to have creative breakthroughs when they’re doing a habitual task that doesn’t require much thought.

“People always get surprised when they realize they get interesting, novel ideas at unexpected times,” says Kalina Christoff, a scientist at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, “because our culture tells us that we should do it through hard work.”

Now researchers begin to understand why these clever thoughts occur during more passive activities and what’s happening in the brain. They have found that the key is a series of brain activities—within what’s called the default mode (DM) network—that occur while an individual is resting or performing habitual tasks that don’t require much attention.

“Simply put, it is a state that your brain returns to when you’re relaxed,” explains Christoff. “By contrast, when you’re working on a demanding task, the brain’s executive control (EC) systems keep your thinking focused, analytical, and logical.”

Researchers find that the DM network is also involved in the early stages of idea generation, drawing from past experiences and knowledge about the world. When your mind wanders, you’re allowing thoughts to playfully cross your mind, which helps you combine information and ideas in new ways and something clicks.

“A cautionary note: While the DM network plays a key role in the creative process, it is the EC systems that help you to evaluate and apply the creative ideas effectively to your problems in the real world,” Christoff says. “So it’s unwise to place blind faith in the discovery that creative ideas can be generated in the shower or during any other kinds of mind wandering. Instead, you have to do the work to set the groundwork for creative ideas to emerge in the first place.”

1. What is the most unlikely function of the EC systems?

A．To start your thinking process.	B．To help you analyze.
C．To let you get novel ideas	D．To keep you focused.

2. What do the underlined words “something clicks” in paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．A clever idea occurs.	B．Something drops down.
C．A memory disappears.	D．A funny thought happens.

3. What is Kalina Christoff’s attitude to the culture of hard work?

A．Disapproving.

B．Positive.

C．Doubtful.

D．Unconcerned.

4. Which statement might the author agree with?

A．Practice makes perfect.

B．Where there is a will, there is a way.

C．Everything comes to him who waits.

D．All work and no break makes Jack a dull boy.

5 . Pickled sides are Chinese people’s solution to tasteless food. Just a spoonful of sauce or pickled vegetables over rice can make a meal taste a million times better.

During busy work schedules, many young people in China don’t have the luxury of enjoying insightful conversations with friends and family at the dinner table. Instead, they find themselves eating alone.

Chinese youth are kept company during these 20-to-30-minute windows by TV shows or short videos, which they stream on their phone, tablet, or television. On the Internet, such content has been called “digital pickled vegetables”.

Some popular picks include classic Chinese dramas and situation comedies (sitcoms) like Empresses in the Palace and My Own Swordsman. American sitcoms such as Friends and How I Met Your Mother are also favored for their amusing jokes and simple story lines. You don’t need to know anything about either to get a good laugh from a random episode.

Some have questioned the value of such videos, pointing out that some explainers ruin good films and books and that no-brainer mini-series aren’t informational. On the other hand, we see nothing wrong with some harmless fun to accompany a lonely meal after a long day of work. Instead of being accompanied by friends and family during meal my young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos.

Can this habit affect your diet? According to a research paper published in 2019, you may eat more unconsciously. An international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns on four different days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone, reading magazines and without distraction (分心). After analyzing their diets, the team discovered that eating with a distraction increased intake of calories by about 15 percent.

To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to a recording about another person eating and the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. The results showed that the second group ate less since they were more focused on their meals. When eating with the “digital pickles”, our attention can be distracted, which leads to eating more than expected.

1. Why do many Chinese young people eat alone?

A．They hate to share food with workmates.	B．They fail to have the luxury of dining space.
C．They tend to have busy work timetables.	D．They prefer not to talk with strangers.

2. What do the underlined words “digital pickled vegetables” mean in paragraph 3?

A．Videos you watch while eating.	B．Sauce you choose while eating.
C．Vegetables you like while eating.	D．Games you play while eating.

3. Why do we eat more with “digital pickles”?

A．They increase our feeling of hunger.	B．They make the food more delicious.
C．They draw our attention to the diet.	D．They shift our attention from the meals.

6 . China’s space industry has made great achievements, which makes us occupy a place in the world space field. After 11 years, China has finally completed its Tiangong space station with the docking (对接) its Mengtian lab module, establishing the Tiangong as the second operational space station apart from the US-led, multinational International Space Station.

On November 1, the Mengtian lab module, the third and final part of its Tiangong space station docked with the core Tianhe module 13 hours after being launched. Next, the Tianhe and Mengtian modules will dock with the Wentian lab module, completing Tiangong’s T-shaped basic structure. The 17.88-meter-long, 23-ton Mengtian module is the heaviest operational single-cabin (舱) active spacecraft in orbit. Mengtian consists of a work cabin, a goods airlock cabin, a payload cabin and resource cabin. In addition, it has eight scientific experiment rooms and 37 extravehicular (舱外的) installation (安装) options.

One of the more ambitious aims of China’s space program is to position the country as a leading provider of space-based international public goods and services, such as planetary defense. Last month, Asia Times reported about China’s plans to conduct its first asteroid (行星) direction-changing test in 2025 or 2026. China has also taken pioneering steps in Mar exploration. A good example is the completion of China’s Tianwen-1 Mars mission. China has also stated that it is willing to share scientific data from its Tianwen-l mission at an appropriate time and that scientists are welcome to apply for research over the data.

Moreover, China has also announced plans to send men to the moon, helping its future settlement and economic use. And China and Russia plan to establish a permanent moon base by 2027. The base, the International Lunar Research Station, is seen as an experimental complex designed for multiple scientific activities.

Reflecting China’s open-door space policy, the Tiangong is designed to be “inclusive” and adaptable for foreign astronauts.

1. Which statement is true about the Mengtian module according to the text?

A．It has docked with the Wentian lab module.

B．It is an significant part of Tiangong space station.

C．It is made up of four scientific experiment cabins.

D．It is heavier than all the other single-cabin spaceships.

2. Why did the author mention “China’s plan” in paragraph 4?

A．To present a fact.	B．To explain a rule.
C．To clarify a concept.	D．To make a prediction.

3. How will China explore the moon?

A．By sending men to the settlement of the moon.

B．By providing clear photos of the planet’s surface.

C．By sharing scientific data from its Tianwen-1 mission.

D．By setting up a moon base for multiple scientific activities.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．International Space Station Suffers Wear and Tear

B．Side by Side, China Works with UN Member States

C．Step by Step, China Finds Its Footing in Outer Space

D．Tiangong Space Station Is Established Little by Little

7 . What does the man like doing?

A．Dancing.

B．Walking.

C．Singing.

8 . The summer vacation is just around the corner. With such a long holiday to spend, have you decided where to get yourself relaxed from the great pressure of school study? Our company specializes in civil tours. We take pride in offering you the best services and in providing you with a vacation that will be fondly remembered. The following places can be your unforgettable destinations in our country.

A. The Australian Museum

The Australian Museum has an international reputation in the fields of natural history and indigenous studies research and exhibitions. The museum was established in 1827 and is Australia’s first museum of natural science and cultural artifacts.

B. Sydney Olympic Park

Home of the Best Games Ever and 2003 Rugby World, Sydney Olympic Park is a gold medal attraction and continues to serve as a major sport and social venue.

Apart from its ultra-modern sport venues, Sydney Olympic Park is set in extensive parklands. Bicentennial Park, one of Sydney’s most popular recreational areas, is criss-crossed with walking and bicycle tracks.

C. Art Gallery of New South Wales

Located within a short walking distance from Sydney’s CBD, the Art Gallery of New South Wales is one of Australia’s foremost art museums housing some of the finest works of art in the country.

The Gallery has a rich and diverse collection including key works of the Heidelberg School and favorite modern Australian artists including Brett Whiteley and Margaret Preston, as well as permanent Australian, European, Asian, contemporary and photographic galleries.

D. Koalas Park Sanctuary

Koalas are on show every day. Shows are at 10:20 A.M., 11:20 A.M., 2:00 P.M., 3:00 P.M. where you can cuddle, feed, pat and have your photo taken with the Koalas. See free roaming Koalas as well, 10 acres of rainforest. Walk in and pat our kangaroos.

1. How long has the Australian Museum been built?

A．Around 230 years.	B．Around 190 years.
C．Around 140 years.	D．Around 100 years.

2. Which of the following might be more inviting to a sports fan?

A．Koalas Park Sanctuary.	B．Art Gallery of New South Wales.
C．The Australian Museum.	D．Sydney Olympic Park

3. Who is this passage intended for?

A．School students.

B．Parents.

C．Foreign tourists.

D．Teachers.

9 . Are you the kind of person who hated school? Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can’t stop learning? He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master’s and a doctorate!     1     The word comes from Greek with “phil” meaning “a lover of” and “math” meaning “learning”.

Humans are all philomaths to an extent – our brain is born to be curious. We want to learn and understand, partly to make sense of the world but also because of something called neoteny. This is a term that refers to the teenage characteristics of some animals, including humans, being preserved into adulthood. One of these traits is neuroplasticity, which helps our brains stay flexible.     2     While creatures like monkeys can’t do this and only learn during their adolescence.

But for every person who loves learning, there are plenty who can’t stand it.     3     Why is this? Educational anthropologists have suggested that if a concept or idea is too complex or dull, it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together.     4     This negative experience of education at school may lead to people avoiding learning opportunities in later life.   

    5     Evolution has made us lifelong learners, so take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath. Who knows what you could achieve?

A．Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even pointless.

B．Because of this trait, our brains are able to recognize different shapes.

C．If that’s the case, we lose motivation and absorb less information.

D．If you’re also passionate about studying, you might be a philomath.

E．Many students think it is inspiring to learn something about “philomath”.

F．So, don’t let a bad educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult.

G．This gives us the ability to learn throughout our lives.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

When Lin Qiaozhi was five, her mother died,     1    affected her deeply. At age 18, she chose to study medicine. Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize     2    (give) to graduates. She     3    (immediate) became the first woman to work as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. After several years, she     4    (send) to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She left a good impression     5    her American colleagues who invited her to stay. However, Lin rejected the offer and returned to China.

In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman     6    (appoint) director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. When the department was closed because of the war, she opened     7    private clinic to continue to treat patients. She was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.

Although Lin Qiaozhi held many important positions in politics, she was     8    (interested) in tending patients, publishing medical research     9    training new staff in her department. Dr Lin never married and she kept working until her death in 1983. She left her     10    (saving) to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.