1.活动的目的(弘扬中国传统文化，增强同学们尊老、爱老的意识）；
2.活动的时间、地点；
3.活动安排。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
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Youth League Committee
2 . With so much emphasis behind sharing personal information online for the sake of presenting our best digital selves, we seldom consider the various cyber threats that exist.
At the forefront of cyber attacks, which include everything from e-mail frauds (欺骗) to web and password attacks, it’s important to consider if investing in cyber insurance is appropriate for you.
While it is true that there are a number of online threats that affect everyday users, businesses tend to be the bigger targets. A common cyber attack against them usually comes in the form of ransomware (勒索软件) attacks and makes companies panic as they run the risk of losing their sensitive information while sending e-mails to their clients.
Small businesses are particularly attackable since they often don’t have a budget towards the prevention of cyber security threats, according to DataStream, a company that advises businesses to prevent attacks before they can occur.
“Threat actors often look for the low hanging fruit,” DataStream warns. “To them, no business is too small. All businesses hold sensitive data from customers and employees, including credit card information, e-mail addresses, and even competitive information or trade secrets.”
David Seidman has spent over 13 years as a cyber security expert. He has advised companies like Google and Microsoft in assessing and preventing cyber attacks. Seidman recognizes the faults in company-wide security that guards against hackers who often used advanced methods to trick vulnerable businesses.
“It takes a good team to set up the right alarms that catch a real attack but don’t trigger (触发) too often when no attack happens,” Seidman writes. “Catching this level of attacker can be done, but it’s not cheap. Attackers tend to be commercially motivated, looking to steal credit cards, passwords and other profitable data.”
1. Which type of cyber attack usually happens to businesses?| A．E-mail scam. | B．Web attack. | C．Password attack. | D．Ransomware attack. |
| A．Their unawareness of cyber attacks. |
| B．Their need for new clients and funding. |
| C．Their lack of budget for cyber prevention. |
| D．Their possession of much customer information. |
| A．To get money. | B．To have fun. | C．To destroy businesses. | D．To break the law. |
| A．Technologies behind cyber attacks | B．Faults in companies’ cyber security |
| C．Effective prevention of cyber attacks | D．Businesses in the face of cyber threats |
3 . Someday, you may no longer need to brush your teeth by hand. Instead, a group of billions of nanoparticles (纳米粒子) could automatically do it for you. It would be especially life-changing for those who find it difficult or impossible to hold and move a toothbrush.
Steager, an engineer at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and Hyun Koo, an inventor and dental researcher there, found a way to form the nanoparticles into long, skinny bristles (刷毛), a lot like the ones on a toothbrush. But these bristles shape-shift to fit whatever surface they encounter.
The tooth-cleaning robot works due to two magnets (磁铁). One goes each side of the teeth. The nanoparticles sit in a liquid between the magnets. When the magnets are turned off, the nanoparticles move randomly in the liquid. As soon as one magnet gets turned on, the nanoparticles gather together near its center. When the researchers turn on the other magnet and turn off the first one, the nanoparticles extend outward in long, skinny bristles. When there’s a tooth in the way, these bristles can’t stretch out as far as they want. So they push against the tooth’s surface. If there’s a gap between teeth, they push into the gap. Moving the magnets makes the bristles move against and between teeth. All that motion cleans the teeth. As a bonus, the nanoparticles also have strong power to kill viruses.
The new device is just a proof of concept. The researchers still need to turn it into a product that people will want to use. “There’s a lot of engineering to get from here to there, but every good idea needs to have a start.” says Steager.
1. What is special about the tooth cleaner?| A．It’s transformable. | B．It’s water-proof. |
| C．It contains skinny bristles. | D．It looks like a toothbrush. |
| A．The working principle. | B．The magnets’ motion. |
| C．The virus-killing process. | D．The bristles’ formation. |
| A．Uncertain. |
| B．Concerned. |
| C．Confident. |
| D．Shocked. |
| A．A Tooth-Cleaner Fighting Bacteria | B．A New Concept for a New Start |
| C．A Breakthrough in Medicine | D．A Shape-Shifting Robotic Tooth-Gleaner |
As a freshman in college, Chelsea Fagan got her first credit card. Without really
To prevent credit ruin from happening again, Fagan started a personal blog
Now Fagan runs The Financial Diet with Graphic Designer Lauren Ver Hage. Their team
5 . If you always sit indoors for too long, putting on weight may become a trouble. Tired of all that fat? If so, these sports can help you burn the most calories.
Running
“Running is one of the best calorie burners out there,” qualified personal trainer Daniel Saltos says. An average person can burn anywhere from 500 to 1000 calories in one hour of running. “Speed, pace, and tolerance are all factors that can impact this range. But running uses every muscle group in the body, allowing you to burn more calories.”
Swimming
“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body while it still can burn 500 to 600 calories in just 30 minutes,” Saltos says. Swimming also improves heart health and increases strength—all great reasons for playing in the water.
Boxing
Not only is boxing a great way to release energy, but it also helps improve balance, builds up tolerance and strengthens the upper body and core. “Boxing helps you get a good calorie burn, too, with the average person burning up 400 to 800 calories in an hour session,” Saltos says.
Rowing
The pushing and pulling motion of rowing machines targets multiple muscle groups including the arms, core, and back, helping you to burn more calories. “An hour of rowing will burn 400 to 600 calories on average,” Saltos says.
1. Which sport can burn the most calories per hour?| A．Boxing. | B．Running. |
| C．Swimming. | D．Rowing. |
| A．It enhances balance. | B．It improves tolerance. |
| C．It produces low impact. | D．It builds muscle groups. |
| A．Great athletes. | B．Fitness experts. |
| C．Sports reporters. | D．Overweight persons. |
6 . Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success, but research has found that moderation(适度) also gets results on the job.
In a study led by Ellen Langer of Harvard University, researchers asked people to translate sentences into a new made-up language. Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all. High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields the arts, sciences, and politics. High conscientiousness is related to lower job performance, especially in simple jobs where it doesn’t pay to be a perfectionist.
How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter, while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office. “People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer”, says Art Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Austin. Social interaction has been shown to lift mood(情绪) and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could help improve any post-lunch effort.
Markman also promotes off-task time. “Part of being a good thinker is experiencing things that are seemingly unrelated to what you are working on at the moment but give you fresh ideas about your work,” he says. “Also, there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity. So, when people do things to increase their life satisfaction, they also make themselves more effective at work.”
1. What does Ellen Langer’s study show?| A．It is worthwhile to be a perfectionist | B．Translation makes people knowledgeable. |
| C．Simpler jobs require greater caution. | D．Moderate effort produces the best result. |
| A．is good at handling pressure | B．works hard to become successful |
| C．a has a natural talent for his job. | D．gets on well with his co-workers |
| A．A good thinker is able to inspire other people. |
| B．Experience unrelated to your job is useless. |
| C．A cheerful mood helps make a creative mind. |
| D．Focusing on what you do raises productivity. |
| A．Middle-of-the-road work habits. | B．Balance between work and family. |
| C．Long-standing cultural traditions. | D．Harmony in the work environment. |
Scientists have found fossilized bones from an extinct penguin that was the size of an adult human. It
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The monster penguin would have been about twice the weight and 30 cm
“It wasn't
Wang Wei and Wang Kun are brothers and sisters. They have dreamed of
9 . The Forbidden City is well known for being full of Chinese cultural and historical relics. But Masters in the Forbidden City（《我在故宫修文物》）does not just focus on the stories of the past.
Instead, the documentary movie, which came out in Chinese cinemas on Dec. 16, focuses on ordinary people-the restorers（修复者）of relics and antiquities（古董）.
The stories are told at a slow and relaxed pace, reflecting the restorers’ work. Restoration of cultural relics and antiques can be time-consuming, and sometimes boring. Yet these restorers’ patience and peace of mind are especially precious in a society where everything is changing so fast.
“If you choose this job, you have to stand hours of work sitting on a chair. You need to be quiet and get used to being quiet,” says Wang Jin, an ancient clock repair expert.
A touching part of the documentary is the spirit of craftsmanship（工艺）in the restorers. “Years of humdrum work requires not only skill, but also faith and spirit,” China Daily commented. “Looking for preciseness and perfection, devoting yourself to work, patience, endurance（忍耐）, loneliness…All these qualities come from the craftsman spirit. ”
But unlike the popular idea of serious experts who sit around being serious, the documentary shows off the enthusiasm of the restorers. They play their guitars and make jokes about each other after a long day of restoration work.
One scene that has been very popular with Internet users features a young female restorer riding a bicycle through the empty Forbidden City on a Monday. While she is doing this, a narrator says, “The last person to do this was Puyi, the last emperor of the Oing Dynasty.”
Masters in the Forbidden City has proved wrong many people’s ideas about antique restorers, allowing them to realize that they are not old, dull professors, but people in their 40s, 30s and even 20s who can be quite pleasing to the eye.
1. According to the text, what’s the main purpose of the documentary Masters in the Forbidden City?| A．To show people how antiques are restored |
| B．To display relics seldom seen by ordinary people |
| C．To draw attention to Chinese antique restorers’ lives |
| D．To praise the craftsmanship of Chinese antique restorers |
| A．He often gets tired with his work | B．There is no need to do restoration work fast |
| C．Antique restorers need to be patient and peaceful | D．It takes years of hard work to adapt to antique restoration |
| A．Boring | B．Different | C．Relaxing | D．Unusual |
| A．To remind the audience of the last Qing emperor |
| B．To show the strange hobbies of young antique restorers |
| C．To encourage the young to consider a career in antique restoration in the future |
| D．To show that the documentary breaks from the old, dull image of antique restorers |
Louis Pasteur was a French scientist who developed cures for many dangerous
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