1 . Mother Teresa was born in Skopje on August 27, 1901. Her father worked in a store. Her family was not rich, but it was a happy family. She went to school when she was seven years old. She said that she had wanted to be a Missionary (传教士) when she was only 12. She took part in a nun (修女) organization when she was 18 years old. In 1928, she was sent to a church school to teach. But she left the school and went out to help the people who suffered from hunger and cold in 1946. Then she left the nun organization and set up a school in the open to accept the children who had no home.
She set up a nun organization in 1950. Now the organization is an international organization with 3500 nuns to accept the refugees (难民). She got the Noble Peace Prize in 1979. But she contributed all of the money to the poor people and the patients who suffered from illnesses. Also she sold the medal to help the people who needed help. We won’t forget the great woman, who looks like a sunshine and is the hero of the world!
1. In which year did Mother Teresa say that she wanted to be a Missionary?A.1908. | B.1913. | C.1928. | D.1946. |
A.Sick children. | B.Small children. | C.Homeless children. | D.Rich children. |
A.Mother Teresa used to be a teacher in a church school. |
B.Mother Teresa was born into a rich and happy family. |
C.Mother Teresa set up a church for homeless children. |
D.Mother Teresa worked hard to support her own family. |
A.She sold it to buy a new house. | B.She kept it in a museum. |
C.She contributed it to an organization. | D.She sold it to help people in need. |
2 . Cats are often considered to be colder especially when compared with dogs. But if you find your cat friend is a little hard to get close to, maybe you’re just not speaking their language.
Research shows that it’s actually not so difficult. You just need to smile at them more. Not smile in the human’s way, by showing your teeth, but the cat’s way: by narrowing your eyes and blinking (眨眼睛) slowly. It’s similar to how human eyes narrow when they are smiling, and usually occurs when cats are relaxed and content. The expression is explained as a kind of cat smile.
Jackson Galaxy, a cat behavior expert, says there are some pretty strong feelings behind the cat’s slow blink. He calls it “I Love You Blink”. Galaxy says the cat will blink slowly when cats and people are completely opening up to one another in sharing affection.
Researchers carried out two experiments. In the first experiment, owners slow-blinked at 21 cats from 14 different families. Once the cat was settled and comfortable in one spot in their home environment, the owners were asked to sit about a meter away and slow-blink when the cat was looking at them. The second experiment included 24 cats from 8 different families. This time, it wasn’t the owners doing the blinking but the researchers, who’d had no earlier contact with the cats. They found that not only were the cats more likely to blink back, but that they were more likely to reach the human’s hand after the human had blinked.
Dr Tasmin Humphrey, the first author of the study from the University of Sussex, said: “Understanding positive ways in which cats and humans interact can increase public understanding of cats, improve its welfare, and tell us more about the socio-cognitive (社会认知) abilities of this species.”
1. What is “a kind of cat smile”?A.Showing teeth. | B.Narrowing eyes. |
C.Narrowing eyes and blinking slowly. | D.Smiling like a human. |
A.45 | B.24 | C.21 | D.14 |
A.To help cats live well. | B.To explain cats are clever. |
C.To provide a way in which humans can touch cats. | D.To show how humans can communicate with cats. |
A.Cats and their “I Love You Blink” | B.Love your cats more |
C.Ways to get close to your cats | D.Cats and their owners |
3 . It was in the mountain s of Kashmir that we realized how people can show kindness.
On our
We waited for the roads to
For a long time, we sat there,
After waiting for what felt like a century, the cars started
We were really
A.boating | B.riding | C.drive | D.flight |
A.stop | B.realization | C.end | D.decision |
A.recognizing | B.expecting | C.keeping | D.watching |
A.task | B.journey | C.job | D.research |
A.cross | B.turn | C.empty | D.clear |
A.widened | B.blocked | C.protected | D.checked |
A.anger | B.interest | C.worry | D.pleasure |
A.Naturally | B.Finally | C.Hopefully | D.Additionally |
A.helpless | B.relaxed | C.alone | D.satisfied |
A.waiting for | B.running into | C.getting off | D.looking at |
A.cooked | B.shared | C.collected | D.sold |
A.hungry | B.homeless | C.young | D.sick |
A.changing | B.moving | C.leaving | D.returning |
A.figured out | B.doubted | C.made sure | D.questioned |
A.concerned | B.ready | C.sorry | D.thankful |
4 . Chinese food is well received by the world. Who doesn’t long for a favorite Chinese dish? But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East — the ancient custom of “tonic (滋补) food”.
Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one’s well-being or avoid sickness. For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame oil (麻油) hot pot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was believed that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body. Some foods, such as goat meat and spinach, are seen as “hot”, while others, such as Chinese cabbage and radishes, are seen as “cold”. One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.
The custom of employing tonic food for a healthier life also influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as wolfberry (枸杞), can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish. These herbs attract customers, such as overworked office staff, in need of a modest pick-me-up.
So, whether you need to boost your strength with a large helping of chicken soup, or increase your mental powers with a serving of fish soup, you may find that this ancient Chinese custom could be just the tonic you were looking for.
1. What is the present situation of tonic food?A.It is catching less attention. | B.It is enjoyed by many young people. |
C.It is well-known worldwide. | D.It is becoming increasingly popular. |
A.Chinese cabbage. | B.Fruit tea. |
C.Fish soup. | D.Sesame oil hot pot. |
A.Medicine. | B.Restaurant. |
C.Manufacture. | D.Agriculture. |
A.The Charm of Chinese Cuisine |
B.The Popularity of Tonic Food |
C.An Introduction of Chinese Tonic Food |
D.Differences Between Hot Food and Cold Food |
5 . Fall is finally here! This is the most glorious time of the year. Leaves are turning yellow, and the weather is cool enough to wear your favorite sweaters. But for some, the changing of the seasons is vexing, and can lead to a sudden dip in energy, making many people wonder why they get more tired in the fall.
Many studies show that some viruses causing the common cold are more active in cooler weather, which may further lead to fall fatigue (疲劳).
However, the cold weather isn’t the only reason you may be feeling run-down this fall. The lack of sunlight can also have a significant impact on how energetic we feel. “There’s a special circuit from your eyeballs that goes directly to your brain that picks up sunlight, and the most important signal is sunlight in the morning. That sunlight in the morning helps wake you up, and also helps keep you awake all day long.” said Dr. Michael Howell, a sleep specialist. So, sleepiness is unavoidable in a season without much sunlight. When people’s exposure to sunlight is increasingly limited, some people may suffer from Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD. Too often, SAD is treated as a punchline, but for the estimated 10 million Americans who suffer from it, it’s not a joke. SAD is a form of depression that is related to the change in seasons, which makes people feel tired easily. Symptoms can include high pressure, feelings of depression and a heavy feeling in arms and legs, etc. And most people experience them during the fall and winter.
While the fall is a beautiful season, the disorder it can bring to your body and mind is no joke. Be sure to put your health and wellness first as you head into fall. It’s an ideal time to cook soup and stew, clean out your room, take a walk outside, or relax with a good book. Sleep tight, my friends.
1. What does the underlined word “vexing” mean in paragraph 1?A.Annoying | B.Shocking. | C.Enjoyable. | D.Important. |
A.Creating more energy. | B.Keeping people awake. |
C.Helping people sleep tight. | D.Showing the change of seasons. |
A.It depends on temperatures. |
B.It strikes people in sunny seasons. |
C.It is clearly understood by most people. |
D.It has both physical and mental impacts. |
A.How you keep awake in the fall? |
B.Why you are more tired in the fall? |
C.What you should do to stay energetic in the fall? |
D.Who you can turn to for tips on SAD in the fall? |
6 . The Australian National University (ANU) and an Australian start-up, Lunaria One, are teaming up to grow plants on the moon together, as early as 2025. Lunari a One’s ALEPH project is an early step toward growing plants for food, medicine and oxygen production. However, the problem is that the moon is like a desert (沙漠). There’s no life there, only dust, rocks and water.
“Space provides a unique opportunity to study how to grow plants in extreme environments,” said ANU Associate Professor Caitlin Byrt. “The extreme conditions that the Earth is facing because of climate change present challenges for how we manage food security in the future. Having controlled environments can create the ability to rapidly grow plants after natural disasters or events caused by climate change. So this project is important. If you can create a system for growing plants on the moon, then you can create a system for growing food in some of the most challenging environments on Earth.”
As to what plants to be grown on the moon researchers are still deciding, but one of the front runners under consideration is Tripogon loliiformis, a kind of Australian native (本土的) grass that can live in extreme conditions and survive for months without water. According to a plant biologist, even after losing more than 95 per cent of its relative water content, the dead-looking grass remains alive and continues to grow when provided with water. Whatever plants are selected, they will be transported to the moon in a dry and sleeping state and will come to life upon watering.
The ship will take off in 2025. Upon arrival, pictures and videos will be sent back to Earth over a 72-hour period and will be publicly accessible (可得到的). “The ALEPH project aims to make the science and engineering behind growing life on the moon open to people. And we hope to get everyone involved (参与的) and listen to their opinions. If you’re interested in the project, you can get all the necessary information from our website,” said Lauren Fell, the director of Lunaria One.
1. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?A.The methods of growing plants in space. | B.The challenges of growing plants after disasters. |
C.The value of growing plants on the moon. | D.The need to grow food for a growing population. |
A.It can produce young plants fast. | B.It can live with little water. |
C.It is the most common grass in Australia. | D.It can naturally wake up from a sleeping state. |
A.Supportive. | B.Shocked. | C.Negative. | D.Worried. |
A.Plants are on the moon for the first time |
B.How to care for plants in extreme environments? |
C.Why can this Australian native grass grow in space? |
D.A space project aims to grow plants on the moon |
7 . We’ve all been there: You check your phone and see over 100 unread texts thanks to a group chat. The more this happens, the more it can start to feel overwhelming. “When we see so much activity happening, it creates a sense of panic and often results in difficulty separating from the phone due to fear of missing out,” said therapist (治疗专家) Becky Stuempfig. But group texts don’t have to be a source of stress.
“I recommend choosing certain times of the day when you plan to catch up on texts,” Stuempfig said. “
“My advice is turning off all notification alerts. No sounds, no vibrating (震动) — nothing.” Stuempfig said. “
Even if you make some changes, you might still find yourself feeling overwhelmed at certain times. It can be helpful to try some mindfulness exercises.
A.They can help you decrease biological stress and improve sleep quality |
B.Many people find it helpful to choose three 20-minute windows per day |
C.Below, Stuempfig shares his advice for making the experience less tiring |
D.They can involve deep breathing, taking a walk, or otherwise shifting your focus |
E.If you’re starting a new text chat, really think about how many people you’re inviting |
F.Many experts do some corresponding research and give us some suggestions as follows |
G.These alerts interrupt our work projects, homework, family time, relaxing time, and sleep |
A Californian woman has become a fitness influencer in her 50s after losing more than 40 pounds and taking up bodybuilding.
Denise Kirtley, 52, was inspired
“When I
“Action leads to more action. We can’t wait for motivation to kick in as it usually comes
The 52-year-old said she’s also transformed her attitude toward growing older. “We really do get to choose
9 . Researchers from University of Southern California (USC) may have found the biggest influencer in the spread of fake news: social platforms’ structure of rewarding users for habitually sharing information. The study involved 2,476 active Facebook users ranging in age from 18 to 89. They were asked to complete a decision-making survey about seven minutes long.
Surprisingly, the researchers found that users’ social media habits are closely related to the amount of fake news they shared. Frequent and habitual users spread six times more fake news than occasional or new users. Just 15% of the most habitual news sharers in the research were responsible for spreading about 30% to 40% of the fake news. Users’ habits were more influential in sharing fake news than other factors, including lack of critical reasoning.
The research team wondered: What motivates these users? As it turns out, much like any video game, social media has a reward system that encourages users to stay on their accounts and keep posting and sharing.
Users who post and share frequently, especially eye-catching information, are likely to attract attention. Due to the reward system of social media, users form habits of sharing information that gets recognition from others automatically, without considering consequences such as spreading misinformation.
Then, the team tested whether social media reward structures could be designed to promote sharing of true over false information. They found that incentives (鼓励) for accuracy rather than popularity doubled the amount of accurate news that users share on social platforms.
“We know from previous research that some people don’t process information critically, which influences their ability to recognize false stories online,” said Gizem Ceylan, who led the team. “However, our new study shows that the reward structure of social media platforms plays a bigger role when it comes to misinformation spread.”
1. What does the USC research mainly focus on concerning social media?A.Its reward system. | B.The users’ age group. |
C.Its attraction to users. | D.The reason fake news spreads on it. |
A.A new user. | B.A heavy user. |
C.An occasional user. | D.An uneducated user. |
A.The popularity of their posts. |
B.The easy access to information. |
C.The encouragement from other users. |
D.The immediate money reward from the platform. |
A.Sharing of misinformation is unavoidable. |
B.People shouldn’t use social media frequently. |
C.Lack of critical reasoning is a common problem. |
D.Social media reward structures should be improved. |
10 . Math and literature are probably two of the subjects that bring students headaches. However, mathematicians choose to join the two together—they wonder whether the beauty of math can be found in literary works.
Once Upon a Prime: The Wondrous Connections between Mathematics and Literature, a book published recently by UK mathematician Sarah Hart, presents some interesting thoughts about “three”. She argues that the number has a special hold on Western literature and languages in general.
Many common phrases are in three words, such as “ready, set, go”. Being the first things kids may learn, some nursery rhymes (童谣) have a word repeated three times, such as “row, row, row your boat”. In stories, there are usually three main characters, such as Harry. Ron and Hermione in the Harry Potter series. For a series of novels, there are usually three books rather than four, according to Hart.
Three is the minimum number of points that can define a two-dimensional shape. Three sticks can create a triangle, a stable structure. These characteristics behind the number three give it “a sense of strength and completeness” which balances a story, according to the book.
Similarly, another study connected math and storytelling by mapping out readers’ “emotional experiences”. Researchers at the University of Vermont, US, analyzed more than 1,300 fiction works. As each book was divided into many 10,000-word parts, they rated how “happy” each part made readers feel. The ratings were then grouped into arcs (弧线), which showed how the readers’ emotions changed while reading.
The researchers summarized the arcs in six shapes, which covered almost all novels. The simplest patterns were “rise” and “fall”, showing that the plot was straightforward. Two of the most popular story shapes among readers were “rise-fall” and “fall-rise-fall”. It showed that more twists and turns in the stories are preferred by readers.
So why do researchers analyze the mathematics of literature? As the study’s lead author Andrew Reagan told Scientific American, turning words into data “can teach us more about stories.”
1. What does paragraph 3 focus on in relation to the number “three”?A.Its significance in literary works. |
B.Its various interpretations in literature. |
C.Its occurrences in literature and language. |
D.Its importance in mathematical concepts. |
A.It brings a feeling of power and unity. | B.It carries a special meaning in math. |
C.It can create a strong emotional impact. | D.It indicates the innovation of storytelling. |
A.By recording the use of numbers in fiction works. |
B.By analyzing math knowledge used in different novels. |
C.By comparing the number of characters in some works. |
D.By using shapes to show the readers’ reading experiences. |
A.To improve readers’ mathematical skills. |
B.To gain a deeper understanding of stories. |
C.To explore the role of literature in teaching math. |
D.To uncover hidden mathematical patterns in stories. |