An organization has taken measures
Chopstick culture in Shanghai dates back to the Tang Dynasty, when these items
After opening as a commercial port, Shanghai is proud of
At least 1.8 billion people
2 . Tufa grew up in Australia, so she couldn't understand why her father insisted on teaching her Oromo, a language spoken in Ethiopia.
“Dad never spoke about his life back in Ethiopia and yet he insisted on teaching us this language," Tufa said. “There were so many resources at my fingertips for the other languages I was learning and so many people that speak them. But when Dad was teaching us Oromo, there were no textbooks or learning materials at all. And that struck me as really strange."
But as Tufa got older and began doing her own research, she discovered why speaking about Oromo was so painful for her father. The Oromo are the largest racial group of Ethiopia. But since their land was seized in the 1880s, the people have suffered a lot. The Oromo language was banned, including from political life and schools. Oromo texts were destroyed. Tufa's father, an Oromo, fled to Egypt and, in the late 1970s, he was given asylum（庇护）in Australia.
By the time the Oromo ban was lifted, Tufa's father had established a small, private Oromo school in Melbourne to teach the language to the children of asylum seekers. As she helped to teach the students, Tufa realised the teaching resources were awful. She decided to create posters and worksheets for her father's students, using her own money to get them printed.
Three other Oromo schools that had opened in Victoria by then heard about the materials and all of them wanted copies. Tufa realised that if there was a demand for Oromo child education materials in Australia, there must be other communities around the world where resources were also needed.
She launched a crowdfunding campaign so she could print more Oromo learning materials. By the end of 2014, in just six weeks, she had raised almost $125,000. Word of her project spread. Her resources have also found their way to Ethiopia, with people sending copies to family members who still live there. This year, she plans to launch an online store for her publishing company.
1. What did Tufa feel strange about when learning Oromo?| A．Her father's life in Ethiopia. |
| B．Her father's way of teaching. |
| C．The lack of learning materials. |
| D．The appearance of other languages. |
| A．To explain a reason. |
| B．To give an example. |
| C．To present an argument. |
| D．To clear a misunderstanding. |
| A．She crowdfunded. |
| B．She turned to his father. |
| C．She dipped into her own pocket. |
| D．She created posters and worksheets. |
| A．Why the Oromo suffered in Ethiopia. |
| B．Where the Oromo language is taught. |
| C．How a girl helps to keep Oromo alive. |
| D．What schools need in teaching Oromo. |
3 . Until April 2, 2011, everything in my life was perfect. I was sitting tight like every other
I took the train to reach home early that day to watch the match. I caught the
I always dreamt of becoming a professional sportsman one day. But after this, I was in despair as I
I spent a year looking for
| A．parent | B．athlete | C．student | D．fan |
| A．lift | B．imagine | C．relay | D．quit |
| A．life | B．body | C．country | D．study |
| A．steaming | B．packed | C．cheap | D．late |
| A．burning | B．bleeding | C．suffering | D．reacting |
| A．forget | B．miss | C．accept | D．welcome |
| A．gradually | B．rudely | C．immediately | D．accidentally |
| A．power | B．confidence | C．order | D．consciousness |
| A．time | B．bounds | C．colors | D．surprise |
| A．part | B．dance | C．struggle | D．meet |
| A．agreed | B．joked | C．guaranteed | D．thought |
| A．praised | B．arranged | C．restored | D．nailed |
| A．believe | B．object | C．afford | D．permit |
| A．funds | B．volunteers | C．coaches | D．receivers |
| A．injury | B．pleasure | C．talent | D．career |
4 . Global warming does more than just kill plant species — it also changes the way plants grow. Researchers at Martin Luther University Halle — Wittenberg(MLU) joined forces with the Leibniz Institute for Plant Biochemistry(IPB) to discover the molecular (分子) process of plant growth. In Current Biology, a scientific journal, they presented their findings on high-temperature plant growth. This could lead to developing plants that can survive global warming.
Plants react to even small temperature changes, but they are unable to move to new locations. “When temperatures rise, plants grow taller ... to cool themselves off. Their stems become taller, and their leaves become narrower and grow farther apart. Yet, this makes the plant more unstable overall,” explains Professor Marcel Quint, an agricultural scientist at MLU. Unstable plants bend faster in the rain and produce less food that’s also less nutritious.
There’s still lots to learn about plant reactions to temperatures. “We are just starting to understand how plants feel the changes in temperature ...,” Quint says. Earlier studies have shown that the protein (蛋白质) PIF4 directly controls plant growth and is also dependent on temperature. When it’s cold, PIF4 is less active, meaning the plant doesn’t grow. At higher temperatures, PIF4 activates growth-promoting genes, and the plant grows taller. This is new information, says Quint.
To understand it, they studied the growth of thale cress (拟南芥) seedlings. Normally, its seedlings form short stems at 20℃. These stems become much longer at 28℃. They discovered a hormone (荷尔蒙) that activates the PIF4 at high temperatures, thus producing the protein.
The findings may help to develop plants that remain stable even at high temperatures and produce many crops.
1. Why did the researchers at MLU and IPB conduct their research?| A．To study the negative effects of global warming. |
| B．To find out how plants help reduce global warming. |
| C．To observe how global warming affects plant growth. |
| D．To understand the ways that plants cause global warming. |
| A．Low temperatures have little impact on plants. |
| B．Plants prefer dry weather to rainy weather. |
| C．Plants are very sensitive to change in soil. |
| D．High temperatures reduce crop production. |
| A．It mainly exists in thale cress seedlings. |
| B．It works differently at different temperatures. |
| C．It is a kind of gene that controls plant growth. |
| D．It is a plant hormone that works at high temperatures. |
| A．Farmers. | B．Teachers. |
C．Researchers.  | D．Environmentalists. |
When spring came to the city of Cleveland, Ohio, it did not change Gates Avenue. The people who lived on the pretty streets near Gates Avenue were making gardens, painting their houses and getting their lawn mowers ready for the summer. But Gates Avenue continued to look dirty and ugly.
Gates Avenue was a short street. But it seemed long because it was so ugly. It had no pavement and no streetlight. The railway at one end of Gates Avenue added noise and dirt.
Most of the little girls in the school near Gates Avenue wore pretty new clothes that spring. But the little girl from Gates Avenue wore the same dirty dress that she had worn all winter.
Her teacher sighed. The little girl was so nice！She always worked hard in school；she was always polite and friendly. But her face was dirty and her hair was untidy.
One day the teacher said, “Will you wash your face before you come to school tomorrow morning? Please do that for me.” The teacher could see that girl was pretty under the dirt.
The next morning the child's pretty face had been washed. Her hair was clean and tidy, too. Before the little girl went home that afternoon, the teacher said，“Now, dear, please ask your mother to wash your dress.”
But the little girl continued to wear the dirty dress. “Her mother is probably not interested in her，”the teacher thought. So she bought a bright blue dress and gave it to the little girl. The child took the present and hurried home as fast as she could.
The next morning she came to school in the new blue dress, and she was clean and tidy. She told the teacher, “My mother was surprised when she saw me this morning in my new dress. My father wasn't at home；he had gone to work. But he will see me at supper this evening.”
Paragraph 1：
When her father saw her in the new blue dress, he was surprised to find that he had a pretty little girl.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
After supper the mother started to clean the floors.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. What did Katie do with her first cabbage?
| A．She donated it to the hungry people. |
| B．She gave it to the school kitchen. |
| C．She ate it with her family. |
| A．From her school. | B．From her community. | C．From her parents. |
| A．To raise over $200,000. |
| B．To get 500 gardens. |
| C．To travel across 50 states. |
1. 景点名称
2. 推荐理由
3. 提醒防护措施。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
供参考词汇：Yellow Crane Tower ; East Lake; Hubei Provincial Museum ......
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
8 . Lehrner always wanted to design roller coasters (过山车). Even as a(n)
She also
Now Lehrner works with amusement parks to design and
Some parks
If you’re really interested in something, go for it and pursue it. Jobs like this do exist!
1.| A．kid | B．genius | C．teacher | D．inventor |
| A．going over | B．thinking about | C．breaking down | D．dreaming of |
| A．created | B．visited | C．managed | D．sponsored |
| A．vacation | B．college | C．graduation | D．decision |
| A．missed | B．bought | C．got | D．refused |
| A．discover | B．learn | C．purchase | D．build |
| A．carefully | B．completely | C．mostly | D．probably |
| A．track | B．frame | C．fence | D．cover |
| A．agree | B．change | C．compare | D．deal |
| A．beautiful | B．dangerous | C．high | D．famous |
| A．imagine | B．consider | C．hate | D．want |
| A．steps | B．seats | C．drops | D．carriages |
| A．rides | B．enjoys | C．studies | D．designs |
| A．faster | B．slower | C．farther | D．crazier |
| A．place | B．family | C．world | D．society |
9 . US author Henry Rollins once wrote: “Loneliness adds beauty to life. It puts a special burn on sunsets and makes night air smell better.” Indeed, in the eyes of artists, loneliness never seems to go out of style. There are paintings that portray loneliness, songs that are inspired by loneliness, and many works of literature that center around this theme.
In the eyes of UK economist Rachel Reeves, however, loneliness is far from romantic (浪漫的). Instead, it’s a “giant evil” that’s become a serious problem in the country.
So just how serious is it? On Jan 17, UK Prime Minister Theresa May appointed politician Tracey Crouch as the country’s very first “Minister for Loneliness”. Her job is to tackle (处理) the loneliness that the country’s been feeling – a problem which, according to UK government research, is affecting more than 9 million people in the country, and is more harmful to one’s physical and mental health than smoking 15 cigarettes a day.
And the problem hasn’t just appeared recently. Back in 2014, the UK was given the title of the “loneliness capital of Europe” by The Telegraph. A survey carried out by the newspaper found that British people were less likely to get to know their neighbors or build strong relationships with people than those from other European countries.
“There is something British about wanting to deal with problems yourself,” Christian Guy, director of the Centre for Social Justice think-tank (智囊团), told The Telegraph.
But this doesn’t mean that the problem only affects Britons. In fact, we’re all suffering from loneliness now more than ever, in spite of most of the world now having access to the internet, which has enabled us to be more connected than ever.
What we need, according to Kim Leadbetter, sister of the late UK politician Jo Cox, is to have “proper human connections”. “Our lives nowadays are so busy. We spend the vast majority of our time on our phones, on our laptops. We need to press pause on that and actually sit down and speak to human beings,” Leadbetter said at an event last year.
But the first steps toward fighting this problem are to accept its existence and not be ashamed or intimidated (吓倒) by it. After all, without loneliness, many beautiful paintings, songs, and literary works wouldn’t even exist. And “evil” or not, being lonely is simply part of the experience of being human.
1. What can we learn about the UK’s loneliness problem?| A．The UK became the loneliest country in the world in 2014. |
| B．More than half of British people suffer from loneliness. |
| C．The government is working to solve the problem. |
| D．British people communicate less with their neighbors than ever. |
| A．has become a problem worldwide |
| B．didn’t attract the public’s attention until recently |
| C．is mainly caused by the wide use of the internet |
| D．does more harm mentally than physically |
| A．Making more phone calls to our friends. |
| B．Stopping the use of electronic products. |
| C．Interacting with the people around us face to face more often. |
| D．Accepting its existence calmly. |
| A．Loneliness is a giant evil of society. |
| B．Only artists can appreciate the beauty of loneliness. |
| C．It is hard to find a solution to social loneliness. |
| D．Loneliness is just a normal part of our life. |
1. Which university would the man like to go to?
| A．Oxford University. | B．Yale University. | C．Sydney University. |
| A．It will cost less. |
| B．It has many scholarships. |
| C．It is easy to get a dream job. |
| A．Study hard for IELTS. |
| B．Apply for some scholarships. |
| C．Make a decision immediately. |
