1 . When we recall a memory, we bring back specific details about it. But we often also experience a vivid feeling of remembering the event. Memory researchers call these processes objective and subjective memory. A new study shows they can function independently and involve different parts of the brain.

“The study distinguishes between how well we remember and how well we think we remember, and shows that decision making depends primarily on the subjective evaluation of memory evidence,” says psychologist Denis Guetta.

The researchers tested objective and subjective memory. After showing volunteers a series of images of common objects, the researchers showed them pairs of images and asked them to determine which of the two they had seen before. They were asked to rate the memory as “recollected” (vivid and detailed), or “familiar” (lacking detail). Some tests showed similar image pairs, others unrelated pairs. This setup measured objective memory based on recognition and subjective memory based on vividness.

The researchers also used fMRI (功能性磁共振成像) to measure brain activity during this task. The results showed higher levels of objective memory with pairs of similar images, but participants claimed vivid memories more with dissimilar pairs. They were more likely to base their decision about whether to keep or clear an image on memory feeling rather than accuracy. For example, a person could have a vivid memory of going to an event with friends. Some of the actual details of that memory might be a bit off, but they may feel it is a vivid memory, so they might decide to go out with the same people again.

The fMRI data showed that objective and subjective memory engaged varied regions of the brain. The regions involved in subjective experiences were also involved in decision making, supporting the connection between the two processes.

“By understanding how our brains give rise to vivid subjective memories and memory decisions, we are moving a step closer to understanding how we learn to evaluate memory evidence to make effective decisions in the future,” says researcher Analiz William.

1. How does the author introduce the topic of the text?

A．By analyzing problems.	B．By giving examples.
C．By interpreting findings.	D．By defining concepts.

2. What were the volunteers asked to do during the study?

A．To draw the images they had previously seen.

B．To compare details of objects they had been shown.

C．To categorize their memory as recollected or familiar.

D．To recall specific emotions related to the images shown.

3. What does the research find out about decision making?

A．Both types of memory have great influence on it.

B．Our vivid memory helps us make wise decisions.

C．It mainly relies on subjective memory evaluation.

D．It’s decided by the accuracy of objective memory.

4. What is Analiz William’s attitude towards the study?

A．Optimistic.	B．Tolerant.
C．Doubtful.	D．Dismissive.

3 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，’使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A Birthday Surprise

I stood at the kitchen window watching Papa as he sat in the old, wooden lawn chair staring out at the lake. Ralph, his old black dog, lay on the ground at his side. Papa’s hand absently stroked (抚摩) the head of his old companion as they dreamed the dreams of old men and old dogs in the evening sun. “He does this day after day?” I asked Mama.

She nodded, sadness filling her eyes. “I don’t know what to do for him. There is a strong desire in his eyes that I can’t satisfy -a desire for the past. The past can’t be brought back to the present. Once days are gone, they are gone forever,” Mama sighed.

“I’m going down to talk to him,” I said.

I called out to Papa and handed him a cup of coffee. “What are you and Ralph thinking about all these hours you spend out here?” I asked,

“We’re not thinking,” he said softly. “We’re wishing.” I sat on the grass beside his chair. “Wishing for what?” “For the impossible, I suppose,” he sighed. “You always told me that nothing was impossible if you wanted it badly enough and were willing to work hard for it,” I reminded him.

He laughed softly, but there was no amusement in the sound. “But Ralph and I have come to learn that when you reach our age, some things are actually impossible.” “Maybe I can help you. What do you want so badly?” I asked.

Papa grinned (咧嘴大笑), and his eyes shone brightly at the thought of his dream becoming a reality. “Ralph and I want to fix up the old boat and go out on the lake again. We used to spend all day out on the lake, fishing, drinking beer and eating sandwiches,” Papa said.

Yes, I remember. When I was young, Papa and Ralph often enjoyed themselves on the lake on weekends. They’d start for home when the sun went down, totally satisfied with themselves and with life. Now, Papa was almost eighty-five years old and had a heart condition, so Mama was horrified by the idea of him going out on the lake again at first. But eventually I managed to convince her.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

After Mama agreed, I persuaded my friends to join in my secret plan.

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On the day of Papa’s birthday, we were all eager to give him a surprise.

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4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

More young people are trying their hand at farming the soil. Guo Lan, 29, works in a vegetable greenhouse on his organic farm     1     (locate) in the suburban district of Hefei, East China’s Anhui province. It is the eighth time this summer that Guo has failed to grow vegetables     2    using chemicals. Despite trying various homemade pest solutions, such as plant ash and mixtures of pepper and alcohol, the vegetable     3     (leaf) were still being eaten by insects. “I will not give up     4     (try),” the 29-year-old accountant-turned-farmer says. He is determined to turn his farm into     5     organic one, cultivating fruits and vegetables with the same flavors as those from his childhood memories.

“Growing tasty and healthy food     6     (be) my dream since I was a teenager. I know     7     challenging it can be, but if you take the soil     8     (serious), I believe it will pay off,” Guo says. He adds that farming is not a business that can make quick money, but for him, it has become an uplifting activity that brings back memories of spending time on the farm with     9     (he) parents as a child. Guo’s passion for organic farming and commitment to producing healthy food will surely inspire more young people to explore     10     (sustain) agriculture.

5 . In recent news, it has been reported that Hollywood executives have decided to cancel an $800 million investment in a new studio. This decision comes after the emergence of a groundbreaking technology called Sora, which has sent shockwaves throughout the film industry.

Sora, developed by OpenAI, has quickly become a focal point of discussion within Hollywood. Unlike previous AI video generators, Sora has the ability to generate one-minute-long videos based on textual prompts (提示) while maintaining visual quality and consistency. It can switch between shots, adjust compositions and accurately combine video content with relevant background themes, resulting in incredibly realistic and virtual videos.

The introduction of Sora is just the beginning of a shocking shift in the film industry. Its ability to generate high-quality videos based on textual prompts raises questions about the future of traditional movie-making processes. The potential to replace certain job roles and disturb the livelihoods of some individuals is just a small part of the overall impact.

Looking ahead, the innovation of productivity tools and the potential for smaller teams to create Hollywood-level movies at a lower cost may completely transform the way films are produced. This shift could bring about new production methods, viewing experiences, and even business models within the film and entertainment industry.

This breakthrough technology has raised concerns within the film industry, as it has the potential to disturb the traditional movie production process and cause certain job roles’ losses. However, this technology also presents opportunities for innovation and cost-effective production methods. The film industry is on the edge of a transformative era, and only time will tell how Sora and similar technologies will shape its future. It likely won’t be long before audiences get to see film productions made with Sora. It can be stated with certainty that the film industry has entered a new era of rapid development in AI technology.

1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The impact of Sora.	B．The concern of Sora.
C．The potential of Sora.	D．The advantage of Sora.

2. What will be challenged by Sora in the film industry?

A．Textual creation.	B．Individual investment.
C．Relevant job chances.	D．Video content development.

3. In what aspects does Sora influence the film industry?

A．Culture and business models.	B．Film production cost and methods.
C．Function and viewing experiences.	D．Innovation and background themes.

4. What is the author’s attitude towards Sora?

A．Objective.

B．Dismissive.

C．Unclear.

D．Doubtful.

6 . About eight years ago, Li Jinglong and Guan Dian visited the Palace Museum in Beijing. The cloisonne (景泰蓝瓷器) objects on display attracted them in particular. They spent hours looking at those beautiful objects. They just couldn’t take their eyes off them.

Born and raised in Beijing, 35-year-old Li is no stranger to cloisonne, since there were a pair of cloisonne vases in his grandparents’ home. His wife, 34-year-old Guan, who learned to paint as a child and later became a designer after graduating from the Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, is also familiar with cloisonne, as it appears in her art books. As a result of their visit, the couple made the daring decision to open a workshop.

“We learned cloisonne after seeing the pieces displayed in the Palace Museum. We wanted to turn our hobby into a career, so that people could enjoy and learn to make the craft themselves,” said Li, who worked in a finance company before quitting his job to launch Handcraft Addicted, a DIY workshop where participants can make cloisonne. Since 2018, they have opened three workshops in Beijing. They are happy to give people a glimpse of the traditional techniques of cloisonne as part of a DIY experience.

Instead of focusing on making traditional cloisonne objects , such as plates and vases, the workshop allows participants to create the designs they want on surface of glass, resin (树脂) or wood. Although the process has been simplified, it is still not easy for people trying cloisonne for the first time to succeed. Participants spend months making one piece, which they take home or give friends as presents. It’s a luxury for people to spend time alone and fully focus on one thing nowadays because of the fast pace of life. Participants come to the workshop not only to create art, but also to take a break from their busy lives.

1. What can we learn about the couple?

A．They both grew up in Beijing.	B．They both majored in cloisonne art.
C．They both quit their previous jobs.	D．They are both familiar with cloisonne.

2. What inspired the couple to open Handcraft Addicted?

A．Their grandparents’ cloisonne vases.	B．Their hobby in handcraft techniques.
C．Cloisonne objects in Guan’s art books.	D．Cloisonne on exhibition in the Palace Museum.

3. In Handcraft Addicted, ______.

A．the first attempt is often simple

B．participants relax themselves while creating art

C．the couple make cloisonne objects by themselves

D．it is a luxury to make traditional cloisonne objects

4. Which of the following can best describe the couple?

A．Modest.

B．Generous.

C．Creative.

D．Outgoing.

7 . Spanish class scared me in the freshman year. I knew little Spanish before starting the class, and I thought it would be ________ for me. However, Mary, our honored Spanish teacher, who was full of creativity, made her class fun from the beginning. I knew what to expect with a schedule for each week, but there was always some slight ________.

Before the exam, Mary often asked us to ________ our lessons by ourselves. But I could remember one day she said, “This time, let’s play a game before going over what you’ve learned.” The game was so interesting that we all ________ ourselves. After the exam, Mary gave us opportunities to make up for our ________. After each error correction, she would check again. She took things so ________ that she wouldn’t overlook any detail. No wonder she was ________ by us.

Mary was ________ and willing to help, within reason, on everything. We could ask her questions at any time. She encouraged everyone to speak Spanish in class. Because of that, I was ________ enough, and then I could communicate with Spanish speakers outside of class. When she knew our problems, she would give advice. When someone was struggling, she would ________.

Mary’s ________ teaching eventually transformed my ________ into fascination. She infused (灌输) foreign culture into lessons, using music and dance to ________ our language skills. Her personalized attention to each student’s needs fostered a(n) ________ environment. At the end of the term, my Spanish improved, and my confidence soared. Mary left a lasting impact on my ________ for new challenges.

1.

A．exciting

B．easy

C．boring

D．beneficial

2.

A．variation

B．disturbance

C．annoyance

D．inconvenience

3.

A．explain

B．describe

C．prepare

D．review

4.

A．challenged

B．enjoyed

C．trusted

D．developed

5.

A．experience

B．time

C．losses

D．mistakes

6.

A．seriously

B．roughly

C．modestly

D．curiously

7.

A．amused

B．respected

C．judged

D．spotted

8.

A．understanding

B．humble

C．athletic

D．courageous

9.

A．discouraged

B．suspected

C．heartened

D．comforted

10.

A．stand out

B．reach out

C．get around

D．get by

11.

A．passive

B．conventional

C．voluntary

D．innovative

12.

A．fear

B．sorrow

C．anger

D．confusion

13.

A．know

B．match

C．enhance

D．assess

14.

A．secure

B．supportive

C．economic

D．competitive

15.

A．pity

B．profit

C．debate

D．desire

8 . Is art boring? It’s not, really. I don’t think so, at least. But there’s a problem with how we look at art, how we approach it.

Museums are formal and strangely dry. There’s no embrace. Barriers prevent us from leaving the path set by the curator (馆长). Glass traps the paintings permanently in their frames – an invisible barrier that prevents us from ever getting close to the art, from touching it, feeling it. Guides and guards are constantly observing us, stopping us from taking photos, or using selfie sticks, or talking too loud. Museums have too many rules. And they’ve made our art boring.

We should be able to see art, to sometimes touch it. How can we feel any connection to the world? Art is a way to connect to the world, and yet so much of our art (and it is our art, not theirs, not yours — but ours) is unreachable.

Why can’t we laugh in museums? Why can’t we take silly selfies in front of art, our tongues sticking out, our hands in the air? Art is not boring and yet, we as a society, have made it so. We’ve trapped incredible artists behind glass boxes, with random rules governing noise levels, lights, flashes, sounds, photos, selfies, pens & pencils.

I love art. I think it has this incredible power to change our world. It can move us — as individuals, or as a collective society. Art is so often a window to something else. And yet we’ve allowed museums and galleries and collectors to prevent us from ever opening those windows.

Don’t get me wrong. I enjoy art museums. There are many fantastic ones around the world. And without so many wonderful curators and collectors, we wouldn’t be able to enjoy much of the art that is created -the masterpieces and the newer, more contemporary (and sometimes crazy) art. But at the same time, we’ ve allowed museums too much control.

They’ve taken our art. They’ve controlled our world. And our world, our art — it’s not meant to be controlled. It’s meant to be experienced — however that may be. It’s an individual, personal choice. Let’s take back our art, our museums. And take some selfies.

1. According to the writer, how may visitors to museums feel?

A．Interested.

B．Unwelcome.

C．Excited.

D．Ashamed.

2. What can we infer from paragraph 5?

A．The writer believes that art should never be kept in museums.

B．The writer is losing his love of art due to museums’ policies.

C．The writer believes museums are taking away the power of art.

D．The writer believes that art should be replaced by something else.

3. What does the underlined phrase “get me wrong” in paragraph 6 mean?

A．Help me.

B．Control me.

C．Misunderstand me.

D．Frighten me.

4. Which of the following statements would the writer agree with?

A．All of us can create art.	B．Museums are of little use.
C．Admission to museums should be free.	D．Museums should give visitors more freedom.

9 . It was 8:30 am. Traffic was at ______ flow. For ten minutes I watched an elderly lady looking ______ at the traffic, waiting to cross a four-lane road. Her wide blue eyes scanned for a ______; there was fear in them.

An untidy boy of ten ______ her and said a few words. She smiled with surprise and ______ her head. They were strangers to each other, but the ______ in each was obvious.

The boy turned to the traffic, holding the old lady’s hand, and I ______ his little smile-he was helping. The traffic ______, and a gap appeared. Both said “now!” and stepped out, leading each other.

The old lady glanced around, determined to ______ her young charge. The boy held her hand, ______ the old lady gently and safely. As they ______ mounted the sidewalk on the other side, their ______ was evident.

The old lady safely ______ the boy to the other side, pretending to let him help. The young boy safely got the woman across, pretending to let her help.

I watched with a lump in my throat and a(n) ______ in my eye, and I didn’t know why this was so. . for I was smiling. I was unable to describe this beautiful ______. The two turned to each other and shook hands before parting.

1.

A．full

B．broken

C．gentle

D．smooth

2.

A．hopefully

B．patiently

C．anxiously

D．casually

3.

A．car

B．road

C．figure

D．gap

4.

A．ignored

B．approached

C．introduced

D．matched

5.

A．nodded

B．shook

C．lowered

D．raised

6.

A．trust

B．weakness

C．relationship

D．embarrassment

7.

A．forgot

B．noted

C．delayed

D．accepted

8.

A．sped

B．flowed

C．grew

D．thinned

9.

A．praise

B．seek

C．protect

D．spot

10.

A．pushing

B．pulling

C．guiding

D．dragging

11.

A．heavily

B．finally

C．suddenly

D．pitifully

12.

A．relief

B．disappointment

C．exhaustion

D．kindness

13.

A．moved

B．lifted

C．abandoned

D．delivered

14.

A．doubt

B．expression

C．tear

D．stare

15.

A．memory

B．encounter

C．route

D．mistake

10 . Scientists looking to uncover the mysteries of the underwater world have more valuable information thanks to an international team that has produced a list of species confirmed or expected to produce sounds underwater.

Led by Audrey Looby from the University of Florida, the Global Library of Underwater Biological Sounds working group collaborated with the World Register of Marine Species to document 729 mammals (哺乳动物), fishes, and invertebrates (无脊椎动物) that produce active or passive sounds. In addition, the list includes another 21,911 species that are considered to likely produce sounds.

“With more than 70% of the Earth’s surface covered by water, most of the planet’s habitats are aquatic, and there is a misconception that most aquatic organisms are silent. The newly published comprehensive digital database on what animals are known to make sounds is the first of its kind and can revolutionize marine and aquatic science,” the researchers said.

“Listening to underwater sounds can reveal a lot of information about the species that produce them and is useful for a variety of applications, ranging from fisheries management, invasive species detection to assessing human environmental impacts,” said Looby, who also co-created FishSounds, which offers a collection of fish sound production research records.

The team’s research was published in Scientific Data and involved 19 authors from six countries. “Understanding how marine species interact with their environments is of global importance, and this data being freely available is a major step toward that goal,” said Kieran Cox, a member of the research team.

“Most people are familiar with whale or dolphin sounds but are often surprised to learn that many fishes and invertebrates use sounds to communicate, too,” Looby said. “Our database helps demonstrate how widespread underwater sound production really is across a variety of animals, but we still have a lot to learn.”

1. Why is the data listed in paragraph 2?

A．To show the types of biological sounds.

B．To show the sum of documents on animals.

C．To show the species of underwater animals.

D．To show the number of the sound-producing species.

2. What is people’s misunderstanding according to the text?

A．Many mammals can live in water.	B．Most fishes cannot make sounds.
C．Different species can communicate.	D．Ocean animals can’t get onto the land.

3. What is the goal mentioned by Kieran Cox?

A．To document ocean animals’ sounds.

B．To set up a free database for scientists.

C．To learn how ocean animals communicate.

D．To publish the team’s research in Scientific Data.

4. What is the main purpose of the text?

A．To call on people to protect ocean animals.

B．To introduce the finding of a research team.

C．To list the animals that can produce sounds.

D．To describe the mysterious underwater world.