1 . It is that time of the year, when a handful of world’s leading scholars, social activists and researchers are rewarded with what is often cited as the most prestigious acknowledgement of human effort-the Nobel Prize. Here’s a look at who has won the prize and for what.
Physiology or Medicine
Swedish geneticist Svante Peabo won the first Nobel of the year, for starting the field of ancient DNA studies. He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.
Physics
Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022. Although Aspect is from France, Clauser from the U.S, and Zeilinger from Austria, the three separately performed “groundbreaking experiments” as one team. “Their results have cleared the way for new technology,” the committee stated.
Chemistry
The Nobel Prize for chemistry went to another trio, Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and biorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. Dr. Bertozzi is the eighth woman chemist to be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes.
Economics
The Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday. By studying the history of American economics, particularly the Great Depression of the 1930s,they improved how we understand the role of banks during times of hardship and the bank’s impact on societal functions.
1. What prize is related to the research with bones?| A．Physiology. | B．Chemistry. | C．Physics. | D．Economics. |
| A．About societal functions. | B．About the history of America. |
| C．About banks and financial crises. | D．About the Great Depression of the 1930s. |
| A．Their winners are from different countries. | B．They have three winners. |
| C．They improve new technology. | D．They help people understand hardship. |
2 . Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life? If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, and you’ll make it!
Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals)
Place: Manchester
Hours: Part Time
We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!
Role:
You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your most important concern is to let them know they are valued.
Skills and Experience Required:
You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.
1. Who will the volunteers give a hand to?| A．Those who are unwilling to learn. | B．Those who have trouble in studying. |
| C．Those who have physical disabilities. | D．Those who have some mental problems. |
| A．Helping them to develop new skills. |
| B．Helping them to realize their self-worth. |
| C．Helping them to develop good characters. |
| D．Helping them to protect their rights and their safety. |
| A．You should have relevant medical knowledge. |
| B．You should be healthy and have a very strong body. |
| C．You should stay calm and do not get annoyed easily. |
| D．You should have the ability to deal with emergencies quickly. |
3 . Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments (30%)Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
1. Where is this text probably taken from?| A．A textbook. | B．An exam paper. | C．A course plan. | D．An academic article. |
| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
| A．You will receive a zero. | B．You will lose a letter grade. |
| C．You will be given a test. | D．You will have to rewrite it. |
4 . After turning over the December calendar, we will greet a new year. People will wear or place some specific items at this time, hoping to be healthy and lucky in the coming year. There are many objects and symbols that have beautiful implication all over the world. Do you know any about them? Read on.
Koi fish in China
Koi fish is known as the king of good luck in the water, which represents good luck in Feng Shui, and it is also known as “rich and noble”, because its color is like a peony (牡丹) in the water. Koi fish is regarded as a symbol of peace and friendship. Not only does it give people the enjoyment of beauty, but also implies joy, prosperity (繁荣) and happiness.
Acorns (橡子) in England
The oak tree is the national tree of England and symbolizes strength and endurance. The tree’s admirable reputation (名声) may explain why the Brits carried acorns for good luck and health. During the Norman Conquest, the British kept dry acorns in hope of escaping the cruel reality. In modern times, artificial acorns are used as jewelry and key chains to bring luck and wealth.
Scarabs in Egypt
Most people would be grossed out to wear a beetle around their neck, but in ancient Egypt, it was a way of life and believed to bring good luck. Kheper was the ancient Egyptian word for beetle and the meaning of it was “to exist”, so people wore scarab amulets (护身符) to protect them in this world.
Maneki-nekos in Japan
Do you know that smiling white porcelain (瓷制的) cat that waves at you when you walk into a Japanese restaurant or shop? It is called a Maneki-neko and is often displayed in the hope of bringing the business success and good luck. Each of the colors on the porcelain cat represents a different fortune: white means prosperity, gold means wealth, and black drives off evil spirits.
1. Chinese people like koi fish because of ______.| A．its price | B．its color | C．its shape | D．its weight |
| A．Koi fish. | B．An acorn. | C．A beetle. | D．A cat. |
| A．They tell a legend. | B．They attract visitors. |
| C．They bring wealth. | D．They mean good luck. |
5 . Music Moves Europe
ABOUT US
Music Moves Europe is the framework for the European Commission's initiatives and actions regarding the European music. The general goal of Music Moves Europe is to identify and support innovative（创新的）approaches to music education and learning through cooperation between music and education.
Music education can be beneficial in many ways: however, the range of Music Moves Europe will be limited to projects that contribute to promoting social inclusion to allow people to have access to musical education and learning. Social inclusion means in this context providing the necessary support to all learners according to their particular needs, including those from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds or those with special needs. It wants to test small projects with a European background and promote European music diversity.
FOR BRITISH APPLICANTS
Please be aware that following the entry into force of the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement（PDF）on February 1 and in particular Articles 127（6）, 137 and 138, the references to natural or legal persons residing（居住）in the Member State of the European Union are to be understood as including natural or legal persons residing in the United Kingdom.
UK residents are therefore eligible（有资格的）to participate under this call.
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Due to the exceptional circumstances of the COVID-19 outbreak, the Commission has decided to also accept applications sent by email. Please note that the same rules apply to an application sent by email, but it has to be complete with all supporting documents and sent within the deadline. If a document cannot be provided due to these exceptional circumstances, the burden of proof lies with the applicant.
1. What is the aim of Music Moves Europe?| A．To encourage new ways to teach music. | B．To find music talents at school. |
| C．To make students self-learn music. | D．To offer students financial support. |
| A．High status. | B．Social inclusion. | C．Healthcare reform. | D．Economic growth. |
| A．Enjoy free trips in the UK. | B．Seek help with their health. |
| C．Send applications by email. | D．Ignore supporting documents. |
6 . Known for its Terracotta Warriors, the ancient Chinese city of Xi’an in Shaanxi Province is also a city with delicious food. Here are some of them.
Yangrou paomo
Yangrou paomo, or pita bread soaked in lamb soup, is another signature food of Xi an. The main ingredient in this mouth-watering dish is mutton and pita bread. The hard bread is torn into small pieces and added to a bowl, then topped with stewed and sliced mutton, scallion, coriander and chili, and then the soup is poured over all of it.
Biangbiang noodles
Biangbiartg noodles(stewed-pork hand-ripped noodles) are thick, fat and long. Each noodle is three fingers wide, spiraling down into a big bowl. It is served dry, with toppings of chili and pork belly in alternating layers of fat and lean meat. Biangbiang noodles are famous not only for their distinctive taste, but also for the name, the character of which is so complicated that many Chinese don’t know how to write it. Biang refers to the sound chefs make when they pull the dough into noodles and bang them against the table.
Dumpling
A visit to Xi’an is not complete unless you try the dumplings. They are made in different shapes, colors and flavors—sour, sweet or peppery. The dumplings have different fillings. Cooking methods have also expanded, from boiling to frying.
Rougamo
Ancient Chinese called it “Rou jia yu mo zhong”, which means the meat is inside the bun（a kind of small bread）. The most important part of “Rougamo” is the special sauce meat. According to the history record, “Rougamo” first found in book is in Qin Dynasty, which was called “Hanmo”. “Rougamo” is not only a sign of the ancient city, but also a sign of Chinese traditional foods.
1. In which of the following foods is bread used?| A．Yangrou paomo and Rougamo. |
| B．Rougamo and BiaTigbiang noodles. |
| C．Yangrou paomo and dumpling. |
| D．Biangbiang noodles and dumpling. |
| A．The chef who creates them. |
| B．The ingredients they include. |
| C．The sound when they are made. |
| D．The place where they are made. |
| A．Health, | B．Culture. | C．Science. | D．Fashion. |
7 . Special Offers
Free Soft Drink If you buy any meal for at least 6 yuan at Mike's Cafe, you can receive a free soft drink. We serve the best hamburgers and snacks in the mall. Come in and try our delicious meals and our excellent service. Free soft drink offer ends on November 12. | Buy One, Get One Free Buy one shirt at LOTTE-Mart's Menswear, and get another shirt of the same value free. You can choose any tie here, then we will give you another one at no cost. Hurry! Offer ends on November 10. |
10% Off Show this ticket at Xinhua Bookstore to get a 10% discount on any book you buy. We have lots of books to choose from, including children's books, novels, travel guides and hobbies. You are sure to find something that you'll enjoy. Shop now for Christmas. | 6 Hours' Free Parking If you spend 100 yuan or more in RT-Mart, you will receive six hours of free parking. When you have spent 100 yuan or more, just take this ticket that you pay for your goods to the service desk. They will stamp your parking ticket to allow 6 hours of free parking. |
| A．The best snacks. | B．A soft drink. |
| C．A delicious meal. | D．The best hamburgers. |
| A．On November 9. | B．On November11. |
| C．On December 10. | D．On Christmas Day. |
| A．4 yuan | B．36 yuan | C．40 yuan | D．44 yuan |
8 . When planning a travel recently, are you still considering the standard tourist destina-tions like Machu Picchu, Mt Qomolangma, which are always overvisited? Get off the beaten path and explore parts of the world you’ve never dared to experience before!
Hiking Paradise in Oceania
Made up of 10 islands, two large and eight smaller ones, it is packed with natural wonders long deep narrow boles in the ocean floor, grand waterfalls and amazing beaches. It’s essential for outdoor enthusiasts There’s enough hiking too, from World War Ⅱ heritage(文化遗产) tracks to a “cloud rainforest” hike and a hike up to the peak of Mount Alava.
Watching Red Crabs(螃蟹) in Australia
Technically a part of Australia, Christmas Island is occupied by around 50 million red crabs. Head to this remote island, and you will witness the incredible scenes of their annual migration(迁移), Plus remember to keep an eye out for dolphins and whale sharks that wan-der around the coastline. It’s not an easy place to get to, but the near-deserted beaches and friendly community make it worth the adventure.
Camping in Volcano Craters in Africa
Camping on the edge of an extinct wolcano crater is pretty excited when it comes to wild adventures. Not only are the sunsets and sunrises unbelievably beautiful at Tanzania’s Ngor-ongoro Crater, but visitors can spot a huge variety of wildlife: hippo, elephants, buffalo, zebra, leopard… There’s no fencing at the Simba Campsite, so there may be a visitor or two during the night.
1. What highlights Hiking Paradise in Oceania?| A．The variety of wildlife. | B．Visitors at night. |
| C．The scenes of red crabs | D．Spectacular waterfalls |
| A．The sunsets and sunrises | B．The friendly community. |
| C．The migration of whale shark | D．The amazing ocean holes. |
| A．A research paper. | B．A health magazine |
| C．A travel brochure. | D．A news report. |
9 . If you are currently learning English, 1 highly recommend you check out the apps below.
Quizlet
When learning English, you probably have to memorize a lot of words. If you want to grow your vocabulary as fast as possible, a flashcard app like Quizlet is a great shortcut. With Quizlet, you can create a set of flashcards with new English words you are trying to learn, and practice typing them out until you know them by heart. It's a simple concept, but it's highly effective.
Spotify
Spotify is not a language learning app. But chances are that you already use it or a similar app for listening to music or podcasts（播客）, and one of the effective ways to study is combining something you already use into your existing habits. If Spotify is already on your phone, you can subscribe to some podcasts for English learners or download playlists of songs for learning English, or make your own.
Beelinguapp
Beelinguapp makes reading in English as convenient as possible. It shows you a text in your own language with the English translation side-by-side. Texts are short enough so that you can really dig into every word. They cover topics from fairytales, to science, to current news articles. There's even a "karaoke" feature where you can read along to audio, which helps you match up the English pronunciation with the English spellings.
Tandem
Tandem is a language exchange app which connects learners from all over the world. It can help you find a native English speaker who is trying to learn your native language, so you can swap language skills. If you only have five minutes to spare, you can simply exchange messages with a native English speaker. If you have more time, you can have a longer, digital language exchange" by sharing voice notes, or using video chat. It's a great way to test your English skills out with real people.
1. What is Spotify intended to help people do?| A．Develop a good habit. | B．Listen to music or podcasts. |
| C．Learn a foreign language. | D．Memorize words with flashcards. |
| A．Learners can use their native language as a reference. |
| B．It's convenient for learners to translate voice notes. |
| C．It provides learners a chance to tell their own stories. |
| D．Learners can sing English songs along to the music. |
| A．Quizlet. | B．Spotify. | C．Beelinguapp. | D．Tandem. |
10 . Four Online Events
The handshake：an anthropologist’s guide
What is its biological purpose？What are the best and worst handshakes？In this talk，scientist Ella Al-Shamahi examines the power of touch and argues the handshake is at least 7 million years old．This event will start at 18:00 pm on 25 March and will last one hour．Standard ticket price：£15(A 20％ discount for those who buy the ticket before March 20.)
A rescue plan for nature
What do we need to do to restore the planet 's biodiversity and prevent the next pandemic (疫情)？Join scientist Cristian Samper as he talks about how our ignoring nature caused the pandemic-and how we can seize a unique opportunity to build back better．This free event will start at 18:00 pm on 15 April．
Origins of life
Why is the planet the way it is？How did we get here？Does everything happen for a reason or are some things left to chance？Research shows we live in a world driven by chance．In this talk，biologist Sean B Carroll will tell the stories of the mother of all accidents，and the surprising power of chance in our lives and the world．This event will start at 19:30 pm on 22 April and will last two hours．Standard ticket price：£18(A 10％ discount for those who buy the ticket before April 17.)
The truth about exercise
Should we all be hitting the gym three times a week？Should we worry about sitting to omuch？If you are strong and fit，can you get away with being inactive？In this talk，specialist Jason Gill introduces what science can really tell us about how much we need to move to live a healthy life．This event will start at 19:00 pm on May 13 and will last one hour，Standard ticket price：£12(A 15％ discount for those who buy the ticket before May 8.)
1. How much should you at least spend on the event about the handshake？| A．£10.2． | B．£12． | C．£13． | D．£16.2． |
| A．Ella Al-Shamahi． | B．Cristian Samper． |
| C．Sean B Carroll． | D．Jason Gill． |
| A．They are science-based． | B．They are about cultures． |
| C．They are related to nature． | D．They are intended for the young． |
