1 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the main topic of the talk?

A．Details of ancient history.

B．Stories of 20th-century explorers.

C．Development of modern technology.

2. How does the speaker describe Percy Fawcett?

A．Energetic.

B．Mysterious.

C．Crazy.

3. When did Percy Fawcett start exploring?

A．Around 1850．

B．Around 1900．

C．Around 1950.

4. Who wrote The Lost World?

A．Percy Fawcett.

B．Joao da Silva Guimaraes.

C．Arthur Conan Doyle.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Located in the Yangtze River Basin, the archaeological (考古的) ruins of Liangzhu date back to 3, 300~2, 300 BC. The ruins reveal a nearly state with a unified belief system based on rice cultivation (种植), and this state    1     (offer)evidence that the Chinese civilization started 5, 000 years ago, 1, 000 years earlier than previously     2     (estimate). These ruins are    3     outstanding example of early urban civilization.

Chen Minghui, archaeologist and director of the Liangzhu Workstation, has an    4    (awful) tight schedule everyday as he not only has to deal with research work in Liangzhu and Lishui, but also needs to help review English-version books about the Liangzhu civilization, which    5     (release) soon.

Having worked in Liangzhu for 11 years, Chen is always     6     (confidence) that Liangzhu’s 5, 000-year history is unquestionable as it has all the necessary elements characterizing an ancient civilization, which are also key     7     (factor)that helped Liangzhu to be listed by UNESCO. “We must share our research results with the world,    8     (let) people from all over the world learn from and understand China’s Liangzhu civilization,” the 35-year-old archaeologist said.

    9     Chen hopes is to bring cultural relics (文物)     10     life, detailing all the exciting findings about Liangzhu-related research for people all over the world.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A well-preserved tomb from the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 24), with a clear record of the year when it     1     (build), has been discovered in Wulong district of Southwest China’s Chongqing, according to the Chongqing Cultural Relics and Archaeology Research Institute.

According to Huang Wei, leader of the project,     2     collection of tombs dating from the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220) to the Six Dynasties period (222-589) were discovered as part of this project. The tomb from the Western Han Dynasty was the most important among them,     3     more than 600 precious cultural relics were unearthed from it.

Due to being filled with water, the tomb remained     4     (disturbed), and the funerary objects were well-preserved.

“     5     is exciting about this discovery is not just the large number of artifacts but also the list of burial items that indicate a precise record of burial, which we     6     (confirm) as 193 BC recently,     7     (provide) clarity on the tomb’s date.” Huang says.

Based on     8     (public) available information, it is also the earliest tomb of the Western Han Dynasty found in China with a clear recorded year, according to Bai.

This is a major archaeological discovery with regard     9     the Qin (221-206 BC) and Han dynasties in the Wujiang River Basin. It offers important basic research materials for the future study of burial customs and the     10     (analyse) of famous artifacts from the early Western Han Dynasty, according to the archaeologists.

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Archaeologists have found two shipwrecks (沉船) deep in the South China Sea, which serve as a witness to     1     (commerce) and cultural exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. Along with the shipwrecks, pottery and porcelain (瓷器) have been found, most of     2     were produced in Jingdezhen, known as China’s “porcelain capital”. The locations of the shipwrecks were confirmed as a result of oceanographic     3     (detect) and underwater investigation using manned submarines that dived 41 times this year.

The No. 1 shipwreck     4     (date) from the era of Emperor Zhengde (1506-1521) of the Ming Dynasty. Based on studies of the ship, archaeologists believe that it was bound     5     Malacca or another trade center in Southeast Asia. On the No. 2 shipwreck     6     (measure) about 21 meters long and 8 meters wide,     7     total of 36 artifacts (手工艺品), including processed logs and porcelain, have been discovered.

This is one of the most important archaeological     8     (program) in South China Sea archaeology. The findings shed new light on the study of China’s porcelain-making history. The quality of Longquan porcelain was previously thought     9     (decline) in the late 15th century. However, the discovery of a large number of fine Longquan artifacts in shipwreck No. 1     10     (lead) people to reconsider this idea so far.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The new Sanxingdui Museum in Guanghan, Sichuan province, began trial operations on Thursday.

With a total area of about 54,400 square meters and an     1     (invest) of more than 1.4 billion yuan ($196 million), the construction of the museum started in March 2022.

The new museum has a display area of 22,000 square meters, with more than 1,500 sets of cultural relics (遗迹)     2     (comprehensive) exhibiting the latest findings at the Sanxingdui Ruins,     3     (locate) 40 kilometers north of Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan.

The newly     4     (unearth) relics on display include a bronze altar (祭坛) and a net covering a vessel shaped like a tortoise shell.

Visitors to     5     museum are also offered a more immersive experience with the glasses-free 3D technology,     6     enables them to view excavation (挖掘) sites from the perspective of archaeologists.     7     (cover) 12 square kilometers, the Sanxingdui Ruins site, on which the museum     8     (sit), includes the remains of an ancient city, residential quarters and tombs.

The site is one of China’s most important archaeological     9     (discovery) in the 20th century. Chen Xiandan, an archaeologist who took part in excavations, said that before excavation work was carried out, it was thought that Sichuan had a history of about 3,000 years. It is now believed that civilization in     10     is now Sichuan goes back 5,000 years.

7 . That dinosaurs ate the mammals (哺乳动物) that ran beneath their feet is not in doubt. Now an extraordinary fossil newly described in Scientific Reports, unearthed by a team led by Gang Han at Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology in China, shows that sometimes the tables were turned.

The fossil -dated to about 125 million years ago, during the Cretaceous period-was formed when a flow of boiling volcanic mud swallowed two animals seemingly locked in a life-and-death fight. The one on top is a mammal. This animal is a herbivorous species closely related to the Triceratops (三角恐龙). Animal interactions such as this are exceptionally cam e in the fossil record.

One possibility is that the mammal was eating something already dead, other than hunting live prey. These days it is uncommon for small mammals to attack much larger animals. But it is not unheard of. And Dr. Han and his colleagues point out that those mammals which eat dead bodies typically leave tooth marks all over the bones of the animals. The dinosaur’s remains show no such marks. There is also a chance the fossil could be a fake. More and more convincing fake s have emerged, as this one did -though Dr. Han and his colleagues argue that the complexly connected nature of the skeletons (骨骼) makes that unlikely, too.

Assuming it is genuine, the discovery serves as a reminder that not all dinosaurs were enormous during the Cretaceous and not all mammals were tiny. From nose to tail, the dinosaur is just 1.2 meters long. The mammal is a bit under half a meter in length. Despite being half the size, the mammal has one paw firmly wrapped around one of its prey’s limbs, and another pulling on its jaw. It is biting down on the dinosaur’s chest, and has ripped off two of its ribs. Before they were interrupted, it seems that the mammal was winning.

1. Which idiom is closest in meaning to underlined part “the tables were turned” in paragraph 1?

A．The fittest survives.	B．The hunters become hunted.
C．Fortune always favors the brave.	D．The truth will always come to light.

2. Why does the author mention the “tooth mark” in paragraph 3?

A．To prove the fossil was fake.	B．To show the forming of the fossil.
C．To illustrate the process of hunting.	D．To suggest the dinosaur was hunted alive.

3. What makes Dr. Han think the fossil is genuine?

A．The size of the fossil.	B．The absence of fake fossils.
C．The complexity of the skeletons.	D．The consistency of the opinions.

4. What is the function of the last paragraph?

A．It offers a cause.	B．It highlights a solution.
C．It justifies the conclusion.	D．It provides a new discovery.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese archaeologists have unearthed a big bronze beast. It’s one of the most highly     1     (anticipate) treasures of the Sanxingdui Ruins. The bronze was discovered in July last year, but archaeologists successfully lifted it out of the pit a year later,     2     they were sorting out all other bronze objects piled on the top of the statue.

The bronze animal is the     3     (big) ever found in decades of digging at the Sanxingdui Ruins. It weighs around 150kg and has a large mouth, small waist, huge ears and four feet. A small human statue     4     (attach) to the creature’s head and appears     5     (ride) or controlling the animal. According to Zhao Hao, a Peking University archaeologist in charge of the pit that contained     6     object, all other bronze animals uncovered at the site in the 1980s measured around 20 to 30cm “But this one is very large in size, with height and width both     7     (measure) about one metre. It’s the only one at the whole site,” Zhao said.

The bronze beast can be seen as a cultural relic nonexistent before not just in China,     8     in the world. UNESCO sent     9     (congratulate) on the amazing new discovery through a video. Meanwhile, governors of Sichuan Province are preparing an application     10     (include) Sanxingdui Ruins on the World Cultural Heritage List.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A Stone Age bird sculpture     1     (cover) in China could be a “missing link” in our understanding of prehistoric art.     2     (date) back almost 13,500 years, the sculpture is now the oldest known example of three-dimensional art in East Asia.

Described     3     being in “an exceptional state of preservation,” the sculpture was found at an archeological site in Lingjing, Henan Province. It was hand-carved from burned animal bone. Researchers say the sculpture depicts (刻画) a bird on a base, pointing to deliberate marks     4     the creature’s eyes and bill (嘴) would be. It is believed that the bird’s oversized tail was made     5     (prevent) the sculpture from leaning forward when     6     (lay) on a surface. This discovery identifies a(n)     7     (origin) artistic tradition and pushes back by more than 8,500 years the representation of birds in Chinese art. The sculpture differs     8     (technology) and stylistically from other sculptures found in Western Europe and Siberia, and it could be the missing link tracing the origin of Chinese statues back to the early part of the Stone Age. Li Zhanyang, who led     9     study, has contributed to other archeological findings in Lingjing, including various ancient     10     (tool) and two skulls belonging to an extinct species of early humans.

10 . Prehistoric people may have used firelight to create the illusion (错觉) of movement in their art. An analysis of 50 carved stones dug out in France suggests that when the stones were placed near a fire, the light made the carved animals seem to move, researchers report April 20 in PLOS ONE. These stones, or “plaquettes” ware found in the 1860s in a rock-shelter called Montastruc, and are carved with animals such as horses and deer. The site was used by Magdalenian people, hunter-gatherers who inhabited (居住) the area between 23, 000 and14, 000 years ago.

The researchers analyzed heat damage on the stones, which indicated them being directly exposed to high temperatures for a long period, and created 3-D models of the stones. Those models were imported to a virtual reality software   where they were placed next to a virtual hearth (壁炉炉床) so that the areas of heat damage were closest to the flames, mimicking (模拟) how the stones might have been placed in real life. The researchers then observed the visual effects of the virtual reality light.

It was surprising to see how dynamic the art was and “how changed your experience of the art was by a simple thing, just putting it close to a fire,” says Andy Needham, an archaeologist at the University of York in England. The work suggests that the artists purposely carved along the outline of the rock to influence viewers to see meaningful movement through the random pattern of firelight, he says.

The finding adds to archaeologists’ understandings of the relationship between early people’s artwork and fire. Another recent study found that Stone Age humans created “hidden” art in dark caves which could be lighted and made visible only with the help of the right lighting.

1. What happened when the 50 prehistoric stones were placed near a fire?

A．The animals carved on them seemed to move.

B．The fire took on the shapes of different animals.

C．The animal drawings on them became much clearer.

D．Animals nearby such as horses and deer were attracted.

2. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?

A．The reason for the heat damage on the stones.

B．The function of the software in the research.

C．The way in which the research was conducted.

D．The conclusion that was drawn by the researchers.

3. What does Andy Needham think of the prehistoric artists who worked on the 50 stones?

A．Hardworking.

B．Ambitious.

C．Dependable.

D．Creative.

4. Which is the best title for the text?

A．Ancient People Must Have Used Fire in Various Ways.

B．Different Ways of Using Fire Have Been Discovered Now.

C．Prehistoric People May Have Used Fire to Create Movable Art.

D．Ancient Artists Were More Innovative than We Normally Though.