1 . Have you ever wondered what wild animals do when no one is watching? Scientists have been able to record the “private” moments of wildlife with leading-edge technology. Low-cost, dependable and small modern cameras are of big help.

Cameras placed in hard-to-reach places have taken videos of everything from small desert cats to later snow loving felines (猫科) in the northern Rocky Mountains. These cameras are important tools to learn new information on wildlife.

Some videos help scientists see the effects of climate change. For example, the desert animal javelin and the tree-loving coatimundi have been caught on cameras north of their normal home. This could mean global warming is enlarging their living area northward.

Researchers use cameras along with global positioning systems, or GPS. They attach GPS devices (设备) to mule deer and antelope in and around Yellowstone National Park. Then they can record their movements, or migrations (迁移) . These cameras can be left in very rural (荒野的) areas for days, weeks or even month. They can provide information on how many animals are moving over a given period of time.

Rural video can show details about animal behavior, such as the calls made by migrating. Also some cameras record animal life and show everything from bison in Saskatchewan, Canada, to the underwater weed forest off California’s Channel Islands.

However, rural cameras have their problems too. Animals such as wolverines and bears sometimes attack them. Scientists do not know if the attacks are the result of anger or interest. Also, the devices have become popular tools to help hunters look for animals. Some people argue that it is unfair to use the cameras that way. Even with such problems, rural cameras are clearly an important scientific tool in researching wild animals.

1. Which of the following helps scientists know about climate change?

A．How active animals are.	B．What animals eat.
C．Where animals go.	D．When animals move.

2. Where are the cameras fixed?

A．Under water	B．In the field
C．On GPS devices.	D．On wild animals.

3. What may be the disadvantage of the rural cameras?

A．They affect animals' search for good.

B．They make wild animals puzzled.

C．They make animals attack one another frequently.

D．They might bring danger to animals.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Cameras Record Animals in the Wild	B．Every Coin Has Two Sides
C．Animals No Longer Have Secrets	D．An Invention Makes Animals Mad

2 . Check out our tsunami (海啸) facts and lean some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction. Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some notable recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred around the globe.

Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.

As a tsunami approaches the shore, water may move back from the coast. If it is shallow enough, the water may be pulled back hundreds of meters. If you are in the area, observing this is a good indication that a tsunami is on the way.

Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time to evacuate (撤离) as possible.

When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast), they slow down but increase in height.

An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004 caused a tsunami that killed over 200, 000 people in 14 countries.

In March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15, 000 people.

The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40 metres (131feet) in mine areas, wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.

The Japanese word “tsunami” literally means “harbour wave”.

Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.

1. Which of the following shows a tsunami is coming soon?

A．An earthquake takes place.

B．The water marches towards the coast.

C．The water near the shore is pulled back.

D．The water near the shore is very shallow.

2. In the Tohoku earthquake, over 15,000 people died mainly because of ________.

A．the earthquake itself

B．the lack of warming systems

C．the tsunami caused by the earthquake

D．the nuclear accidents caused by the tsunami

3. What can we learn from the passage?

A．The word “tsunami” is from British English.

B．The term “tidal wave” is used more often than “tsunami.”

C．Some nuclear accidents happened after Indonesia tsunami.

D．More people died in Indonesia tsunami than in Tohaku tsunami.

4. The passage is developed mainly by _________.

A．listing some facts	B．making some comparison
C．providing some numbers	D．making some conclusions

3 . The elephant was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep. A few dogs started barking at it. The elephant woke up in a terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety. That didn't stop the elephant. It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people. The villagers were scared and angry. Then someone suggested calling Parbati,the elephant princess.

Parbati Barua's father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer. He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk. He also taught her the dangerous art of the elephant roundup—how to catch wild elephants.

Parbati hasn't always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to a boarding school in the city. But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life. "Life in the city is too dull. Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase," she says.

But Parbati doesn't catch elephants just for fun."My work," she says,"is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man." And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years. Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back. Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill.

The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion. A good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant. "Eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them. They are also more loyal than humans," she said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the giant, happy animal. An elephant princess indeed!

1. For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to ________.

A．get long lasting excitement

B．make the angry elephants tame

C．send them back to the jungle

D．keep both man and elephants safe

2. Before Parbati studied in a boarding school, ________.

A．she had already been called an elephant princess

B．she learned how to sing love songs

C．she spent her time hunting with her father

D．she was taught how to hunt tigers

3. Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge because ________.

A．they are caught and sent for heavy work

B．they are attacked and their land gets limited

C．illegal hunters capture them and kill them

D．dogs often bark at them and chase them

4 . The family had had a cat for years. Then, one day, the children finally ______ to persuade their parents to get them a dog as well. So a little Labrador（拉布拉多犬）________ .

The dog was so ________ that everyone wanted to hold him and he charmed everyone by just loving them. The cat made it very clear she did not welcome another ________ in the house, but the dog just _______ the cat anyway. The little dog ________ her anywhere, and tried to make friends with the angry cat. No amount of ________ behavior from the cat could persuade the dog not to love the cat.

The family thought the cat would ________ like the dog.

Then one day the family heard horrible ________ from their back yard. They ran to the _________ to see what was happening. They lived in the suburbs and so they saw a real lynx（猞猁）was just planning on ________ their cat for lunch. The poor cat had nowhere to run or hide. It would only be a matter of seconds and their cat would be _________.

And then suddenly a black lightning ran to the rescue. The little dog ________ the big lynx with all its strength. It did not ________ or stop to think. It saw its ________ in trouble and did what had to be done. The family opened the window and started yelling and the father ran to the yard. The lynx soon disappeared into the ________.

And ever since that day the cat’s behavior toward the dog ________ totally. Now it was the cat that followed the hero dog everywhere. They ________ in the same basket. The cat even let the dog eat from her bowl.

So if ever anyone is ________ towards you, don’t turn your back on them. They may not rescue your ________ ---but their kindness can certainly rescue your day!

1.

A．tried

B．managed

C．failed

D．refused

2.

A．agreed

B．visited

C．survived

D．arrived

3.

A．brave

B．shy

C．cute

D．proud

4.

A．pet

B．visitor

C．baby

D．relative

5.

A．chased

B．amused

C．loved

D．respected

6.

A．watched

B．followed

C．bit

D．searched

7.

A．strange

B．violent

C．foolish

D．bad

8.

A．never

B．still

C．really

D．always

9.

A．quarrelling

B．fighting

C．laughing

D．screaming

10.

A．yard

B．road

C．window

D．door

11.

A．catching

B．inviting

C．attracting

D．pulling

12.

A．painful

B．dead

C．injured

D．frightened

13.

A．pushed

B．shook

C．attacked

D．knocked

14.

A．win

B．hide

C．argue

D．hesitate

15.

A．owner

B．friend

C．brother

D．competitor

16.

A．woods

B．houses

C．crowds

D．shops

17.

A．worsened

B．changed

C．stopped

D．remained

18.

A．slept

B．ate

C．played

D．washed

19.

A．polite

B．equal

C．kind

D．grateful

20.

A．health

B．family

C．career

D．life

5 . A scientist locked himself in a small air-tight plastic tent with 200 plants to see if they could change CO₂ into oxygen (氧气) fast enough to keep him alive.

Kurtis Baute locked himself in a 3m by 3m tent in his brother’s backyard in British Columbia, Canada. He hoped to find out if by surrounding himself with plants, the CO₂ he breathed out could be changed into oxygen to allow him to survive in the locked tent for at least three days. Unfortunately, he had to give up the experiment after only 15 hours, as CO₂ levels reached a dangerous point where he risked suffering brain damage.

“I could probably survive in the tent for three days,” Baute wrote on his website. “But my goal is not to just ‘not die’. My goal is to end this project without developing brain damage or just generally causing lasting harm to my body. But as it turns out, that’s exactly what he risked as the 200 plants he took with him into the tent couldn’t meet his needs. Clearly, a cloudy sky prevented them from receiving all the sunlight they needed to perform photosynthesis (光合作用), so they couldn’t recycle CO₂ fast enough.

“Plants are great at taking in CO₂ and they love it. Since it wasn’t a bright and sunny day, they weren’t getting the light they needed, which meant CO₂ just kept rising. I had to give up the experiment as that continued.” the young experimenter said.

15 hours into the experiment, Baute reached the set danger point and then ended this experiment. Still, he called the experiment a “huge success” as his main goal was actually the terrible effects of climate change and CO₂ emissions. “The conclusion about my experiment is that if CO₂ is too high, I’ll escape, which is just everyday experiences for many people on this planet. Everyone deserves clean air, but not everyone has it,” he wrote.

1. Why did Kurtis Baute stay in the tent for only 15 hours?

A．The tent is too small for him to stay too long.

B．The environment in the tent is dangerous for him.

C．CO2 in the tent couldn’t be changed into oxygen.

D．He couldn’t survive in the locked tent any longer.

2. What made it hard for the 200 plants to satisfy Kurtis Baute’s needs?

A．His health condition.	B．His wrong decision.
C．Too much CO2.	D．The cloudy weather.

3. What does Kurtis think of the result of the experiment?

A．Disappointing.	B．Surprising.
C．Satisfying.	D．Interesting.

4. What may be the best title for the text?

A．A test to show the importance of clean air

B．Surviving in the tent

C．The set danger point

D．Making people know the use of plants

6 . Green lifestyle is becoming increasingly popular nowadays.    1    You don't have to completely change the way you live, you just need to make a few small changes. From recycling to green shopping, each small change you make can really make a difference. Here are some benefits of living a green lifestyle.

Help the environment. By being energy-efficient and using green products you can reduce your influence on the environment. You can help preserve our natural resources and reduce pollution.    2    . It does feel very rewarding when you start making positive changes and feeling as though you're making a difference to such an important cause.

Live a healthier life. If more people commit to being green then we'll be able to live in a healthier environment, with less pollution and better air quality. You're also more likely to make better choices when it comes to food and you could find yourself leading a more active lifestyle.Growing your own vegetables is a very healthy way to live as well as buying green, natural foods.Cycling and walking to places instead of using your car can have a big influence.    3     .

Save money on bills. You can greatly reduce your energy bills by using energy efficient equipment.    4    Recycling is also another great way of saving money and helping the environment.

    5    . Once you have picked up some good tips and green living techniques you can pass them on to other people. You can also talk to friends and family and inform them of the benefits of going green. Your children will grow up understanding the importance of living a green lifestyle and will learn how to reduce their influence on the environment.

A．Educate others.

B．Meet like-minded people.

C．It will also make you much fitter.

D．There are lots of ways of saving money.

E．You can also do your part for wildlife conservation.

F．Living a green lifestyle isn't as hard as it might seem.

G．If you grow your own produce, you needn't spend as much on food.

7 . Shark nets in place across Australia, specifically in New South Wales(NSW) and Queensland,to protect beachgoers should be dropped as they have caused more harm than good, a study has found.

The measures were carried out by some governments, including nets and traditional drum lines , and provided beachgoers with a false sense of safety. The study found the effectiveness if nets was difficult to evaluate, while the significant damage they cause to other marine(海生的）wildlife was clear. Researches desire for non-deadly shark control measures such as eco barriers, sonar(声呐）technology , and various shark-spotting techniques.

Researchers said while the risk coming across a shark was rare, any shark-related deaths and injuries caught huge public and media attention.

One of the arguments in support of using shark nets is that just one shark-related death has been reported in Queensland since the 1960s. Similarly, since the 1930s, NSW has had only one shark-related death. But there have been at least 13 people killed by sharks at beaches without nets in the NSW north coast over the past two years.

The Human Society International’ head of campaigns, Nicola Beynon, said the government needed to move away from outdated methods.Deadly shark nets and drum lines are more than 50 years behind scientific and animal welfare standards for dealing with marine wildlife,” said Beynon.

The NSW Greens’ marine spokesman, Justin Field,said, People are 100 times more likely to drown at the beach than to be killed by a shark in Australia. Therefore, millions of dollars going into the shark net program should be directed to observation towers for our lifeguards and improving the beach devices.”

1. Which of the following do researchers focus on?

A．Beachgoers’ safety.	B．The shark-related death rate.
C．Friendly shark control ways.	D．Advanced shark-spotting techniques

2. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．Shark-related deaths.	B．Measures to protect sharks.
C．Reasons of using shark nets.	D．Dangers for beachgoers

3. What do Nicola Beynon and Justin Field have in common?

A．Science is developing too fast	B．Observation towers need rebuilding
C．Many people are drown every year.	D．No shark nets are to be used.

4. What can be the best title for the next?

A．Are shark nets necessary?	B．A new study on sea animals
C．Shark net programs	D．Effective ways of avoiding sharks

8 . Walk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it is steamy, warm, damp and thick. But if you had been around 15,000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same? For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests like the Amazon might have reacted to the cold, dry climates of the ice ages, but until now, no one has reached a satisfying answer.

Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO₂ from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO₂ each year: equal to the total amount of CO₂ giving off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon react to future climate change? If it gets drier, will it still survive and continue to draw down CO₂ ?

Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past. Unfortunately, getting into the Amazon rainforest and collecting information are very difficult. To study past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen, kept in lake mud. Going back to the last ice age means drilling deep down into lake sediments （沉淀物）which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery. There are very few roads and paths, or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes. Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest, but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled（未取样）.So far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.

1. What does the underlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph mean?

A．Giving up.	B．Giving out.
C．Wiping out.	D．Taking in.

2. How will the Amazon rainforest react to future climate change?

A．It’ll get drier and continue to remove CO2 .

B．There is no exact answer up to present.

C．It’ll get warmer and then colder and drier.

D．It’ll remain steamy, warm, damp and thick.

3. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．It’s important to drill deep down into lake sediments to collect information.

B．It’s impossible to prove how climate changes in the Amazon rainforest.

C．It’s hard to collect information for studies of the past climate in the Amazon rainforest.

D．It’s necessary to have specialized equipment and machinery to study the past climate.

4. What is the best title for this passage?

A．Studies of the Rainforests

B．Climates of the Amazon

C．Secrets of the Ice Age

D．Changes of the Rainforests

9 . There are many beautiful places in Europe worth visiting. Among them Greece is right at the top. A vacation to Greece will give you everything you ever want in a holiday. The attractive hot springs, beautiful villages, rich history, delicious seafood and beautiful beaches are all here. The streets are always alive with music, fireworks and celebrations. Winter is the time to enjoy some great skiing, with so many mountains around here that offer this sport.

Spain is the second largest tourist destination (目的地) in the world. It’s one of the first countries in the world to develop summer beach vacations. Spain, along with Italy, officially has the most world heritage sites, 42 to be exact. With so many mountainous regions, Spain is big when it comes to the winter vacation. Lastly, for great nightlife, you’d love to be in Barcelona or Madrid.

Switzerland is the most popular winter destination in the world. It has 15,000 miles running through mountainous regions. The Swiss Alps attract people from all over the world. If you think Switzerland is only a winter holiday destination, you，re mistaken. The same places are popular in summer too. Hiking is popular in summer. Switzerland is also proud of Jungfraujoch — the highest train station in Europe. Switzerland has developed an amazing transport network, and each and every mountain village can be got to by some kind of public transport.

Venice of Italy is another great destination. It has an amazing history and is famous for its beautiful architecture. There are many old churches worth visiting. Venice is also filled with many art galleries. The Grand Canal is a long canal that runs right through the city. This is referred to as the most beautiful street in the whole of Venice. The city, made up of 117 small islands, is amazingly linked by 400 bridges over 150 canals.

1. We can know from the passage that ________.

A．the highest train station of the world is in Switzerland

B．the old churches are the most beautiful places in Venice

C．Spain is perfect for the winter vacation thanks its mountains

D．Spain is the first country to develop summer beach vacations

2. According to the passage, if you are quite interested in works of art, you’d better go to ________.

A．Greece	B．Spain
C．Switzerland	D．Venice

3. In which countries do mountains make great contributions to their tourism?

A．Greece and Spain.	B．Switzerland and Venice.
C．Spain and Venice.	D．Spain and Switzerland.

4. Where would you most probably find the passage?

A．A book review.	B．A government document.
C．A travel guide.	D．A fashion magazine.

10 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Great Wall     1    (think) highly of by the human race as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It lies in North China, with over 6,000 kilometers in     2    (long) and 7—8 meters in height.     3    (build) mainly with earth, brick and stone, the Great Wall was designed     4    (protect) people in ancient China from invaders. However, it is now     5    (universal) regarded as one of the most important tourist spots in our country. Every year, it is visited by thousands of people from all over the world. The Great Wall has become a symbol of     6     Chinese nation and its culture.

The Great Wall is wide enough for five horses or ten men to walk side     7     side. Along the wall are watch towers, where soldiers used to watch.

It was very difficult to build such a wall in ancient times without any modern     8    (machine). The condition was     9     terrible that all the work was done by hand. To be honest, the Great Wall was made not only of stone     10     earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.