1 . 环保节约是我们每个地球人的责任。假设你是李华，最近正在和你的美国朋友Jack讨论如何进行“低碳生活”。请你就“低碳生活之我见”给Jack写一封回信，内容包括：1. “低碳生活”的重要性； 2. 如何做到“低碳生活”；3. 邀请对方参加“全球低碳行动”。
注意：1、词数100左右；

2、开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；

3、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

提示词：低碳生活：low-carbon life
Dear Jack,

How is everything going?

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Yours,

Li Hua

2 . Three-quarters of a million tourists flock to the primitive, white beaches every year—but this booming industry has come at a price. When foreigners left the government struggling to cope with a stream of rubbish, their answer was to turn one of these islands into a dumping ground. Clouds of sharp, poisonous smoke rising from open fires, piles of rubbish made up of plastic bottles, crisp packets and consumer junk. It’s a far cry from the white sands, crystal-clear waters and gently swaying palm trees that we associate with the Maldives (马尔代夫), the beautiful paradise island holiday destination set in the Indian Ocean.

Of its 200 inhabited islands, which are spread across an area of 35,000 square miles, 99 are dedicated resorts. Three-quarters of a million tourists visit every year — more than double the domestic population. of these, over 100,000 travel from the UK. The capital, Malé, is four times more densely populated than London. Given these facts, it’s hardly surprising that the Maldives on which has a waste disposal problem.

What you are seeing here is a view of the Maldives on which no honeymooners will ever fix eyes. Four miles west of Malé is the country’s dumping ground, Thilafushi — or Rubbish Island as it has simply become known.

The country dumps upwards of 330 tons of rubbish on the island every day. A figure attributed largely to the tourist industry on which the chain of islands relies. Each visitor generates 3.5 kg of waste per day.

Now, the government of the Maldives has banned the dumping of waste on the island, which is too late, due largely to an increase in the number of waste boats “fly-tipping”(非法倾倒) directly into the sea, fed up with waiting seven hours or more to offload their cargo.

1. The government of the Maldives is in troubled faced with ________.

A．how to develop the tourist industry

B．where to set up a dumping ground

C．how to deal with the rubbish left by tourists.

D．where to set up dedicated resorts

2. It is true that ________.

A．the Maldives are still paradise islands with clear waters.

B．the Maldives rely on tourist industry

C．the Maldives are called Rubbish Islands

D．the country dumps about 330 tons of rubbish on the island every month

3. The author’s attitude to the government of the Maldives is ________.

A．positive	B．satisfied
C．forgiving	D．critical

4. The purpose of writing the passage is to ________.

A．inform people of the present situation of the Maldives

B．expose people’s bad behavior on the islands

C．introduce the Maldives to the whole word

D．persuade people out of going to the Maldives

3 . Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen. So she let out a yell, caught hold of her 2-year-old daughter Kibibi and climbed up into a tree. She lives at the National Zoo in Washington D.C..

And on Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses said she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on. And she’s not the only one. In the moments before the quake, an orangutan (猩猩) let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter.

“It’s very different from their normal call,” said Brandie Smith, the zookeeper. “The lemurs (monkey like animals of Madagascar) will sound an alarm if they see or hear something highly unusual.”

But you can’t see or hear an earthquake 15 minutes before it happens, can you? Maybe you can——if you’re an animal.

“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing,” said Brandie Smith. “That’s part of their special abilities. They’re more sensitive to the environment, which is how they survive.”

Primates weren’t the only animals that seemed to sense the quake before it happened. One of the elephants made a warning sound and a huge lizard (蜥蜴) ran quickly for cover. The flamingoes (a kind of birds) gathered before the quake and stayed together until the shaking stopped.

So what kind of vibrations (震动) were the animals picking up in the moments before the quake? Scientist Susan Hough said earthquakes produce two types of waves——a weak “P” wave and then a much stronger “S” wave. The “P” stands for “primary”. And the “S” stands for “secondary”. She thinks the “P” wave might be what sets the animals off.

Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake. For example, Smith said the zoo’s giant pandas didn’t jump up until the shaking actually began. But many of the other animals seemed to know something was coming before it happened. “I’m not surprised at all,” Smith said.

1. Why did Mandara act strangely one day?

A．Because it sensed something unusual would happen.

B．Because its daughter Kibibi was injured.

C．Because it heard an orangutan let out a loud call.

D．Because an earthquake had happened.

2. According to Brandie Smith,_____________.

A．many animals hearing is sharp

B．earthquakes produce two types of waves

C．primates usually gather together before a quake

D．humans can also develop the ability to sense a quake

3. Which animal seems unable to sense quake?

A．A giant panda.	B．A flamingo.
C．A lemur.	D．A lizard.

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A．How animals survive a quake

B．How animals differ from humans

C．How animals behave before a quake

D．How animals protect their young in a quake

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I'm not sure     1     is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at     2     top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the

    3    (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid     4    (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel    5    (challenge).

My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a     6    (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching     7     these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.

When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find     8    (they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal     9    (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me     10     (stay)and watch.

5 . Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.

Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Among the bag makers’ argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.

The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.

Environmentalists don’t dispute(质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.

1. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?

A．Help increase grocery sales.

B．Recycle the waste material.

C．Stop things falling off trucks.

D．Argue for the use of plastic bags.

2. What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Bans on plastic bags.

B．Effects of city development.

C．Headaches caused by garbage.

D．Plastic bags hung in trees.

3. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?

A．They are quite expensive.

B．Replacing them can be difficult.

C．They are less strong than plastic bags.

D．Producing them requires more energy.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Plastic, Paper or Neither

B．Industry, Pollution and Environment

C．Recycle or Throw Away

D．Garbage Collection and Waste Control

6 . Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?     1    , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.

Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.     2    , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.

    3    . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.

Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves.     4    . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.

The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.     5    .

A．While all of them are useful

B．Whatever you’re looking for

C．If you’re experimenting with a color

D．Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with

E．It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces

F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time

G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways

7 . Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.

Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.

The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cold water at first.

Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.

The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.

Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.z.xxk

1. According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ____________.

A．anxious to do wonders

B．sensitive to others’ feelings

C．likely to develop unpleasant habits

D．eager to explore the world around them

2. What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?

A．To avoid jumping to conclusions.

B．To stop complaining all the time.

C．To follow the teacher’s advice.

D．To admit mistakes honestly.

3. The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they __________.

A．are very patient in their observation

B．are really fascinated by nature

C．care only about the names of birds

D．question the accuracy of the field guides

4. Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?

A．The natural beauty isn’t attractive to them.

B．They focus on arriving at the camp in time.

C．The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.

D．They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.

5. In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________.

A．fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world

B．get rid of some bad habits in our daily life

C．open our mind to new things and ideas

D．try our best to protect nature

8 . 假如你是杭州市某中学学生李华，你的朋友Mike打算来杭州游玩，请你根据下表内容给他写封邮件，推荐西溪国家湿地公园（Xixi National Wetland Park）。

湿地	“地球之肾（kidney）”， 有极其重要的生态功能
西溪湿地	杭州市区西部，总面积约10平方公里
主要活动	泛舟、观鸟、赏花、品尝美食等

注意：1. 词数：100-120；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数。

Dear Mike,

How’s it going with you?

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I’m sure we’ll have great fun.

Yours,

Li Hua

9 . How northern Europeans beat the winter blues

Ask a child from northern Europe to draw two pictures—one on a rainy day and a second in the sunshine—and this is what you will get: in the first, as raindrops fall from the top of the page, the man behind the window has an unhappy expression. When a yellow sun sends out some light from the corner, the man is smiling.

Northern Europeans associate rain with sadness and sunshine with happiness. They think this is true because they are so aware of how their environment affects them.     1     In October 2008, a group of researchers examined the influence of different daily weather factors, including temperature,wind and sunlight, on 1,200 participants. The conclusion was that good or bad weather had little effect on people’s feelings.     2     A person who is upset on dark or cold days suffers from a negative mood, and he will be likely to experience a sad winter. This is the basis of an illness called Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).     3     .

AniKalayjian, professor of psychology at Fordham University, advises that we should take steps to strengthen the brain’s system against weather-driven mood changes. Research on SAD has been focused on the brain’s response to darkness and light. When our eyes detect darkness, the brain gives off melatonin, which starts sleep cycles.     4     It takes over to help us wake up and feel better when we detect light.“We can encourage people to take charge of their feelings,” says Kalayjian.“We tell them to leave the computers and the indoor games and get out there in the sun.     5    ”

A day of rain can potentially destroy your plan and affect your mood. But as the Scottish comedian Billy Connolly once said:“There is no such thing as bad weather, only the wrong clothing.”

A．Another chemical called serotonin, however, can make people happy.

B．It affects about10% of the population of northern Europe each year.

C．That’s when people can recharge their serotonin and get a better mood.

D．Yet that link has no scientific basis.

E．Most studies prove that a negative feeling is associated with bad weather.

F．They determined that people actually differ in their sensitivity to weather changes.

G．It is seriously doubted among the people who suffer from SAD.

10 . Companion planting is the idea that some kinds of plants can help each other grow. Plants that are compatible（兼容的，能共处的） together generally have similar needs in terms of nutrients，soil and moisture levels.

Advice about which plants are compatible is sometimes based more on tradition than proof. But experts say there is evidence to support certain combinations. These can improve harvests，reduce disease and help with pest control by attracting helpful insects.

For example，some kinds of soil bacteria take nitrogen from the air and make it into a form that plants can use. The plants hold the nitrogen in their roots. Legumes(豆科植物)are especially good at this nitrogen(氮)fixing. Then any crops that share the same space with the legumes can get the nitrogen when the roots are broken down.

Beans and potatoes can also share territory well because their roots reach different levels in the soil. Deep-rooted vegetables get nutrients and moisture from lower down in the soil，so they do not complete with plants with shallower roots.

But some plants placed together may harm each other's development. For example，tomatoes do not like wet soil but watercress does，so you would probably want to keep them separated.

Some kinds of produce should be kept apart even after being harvested. This is because of ethylene gas(乙烯气体)．Ethylene is a plant hormone(激素)that can cause some foods to ripen too quickly. Apples release ethylene gas. Apricots，melons and tomatoes also release a lot of ethylene. Some vegetables are easily affected by ethylene，including asparagus，broccoli，cabbage and cucumbers.

This risk of ripening too soon is why markets often separate high ethylene-producing foods from those that are sensitive to the gas. But if you put an apple in a bag with a green banana，the ethylene from the apple will make the banana ready to eat sooner.

What about peaches，plums and nectarines? These kinds of fruit do not need any help from an apple—they release enough ethylene to ripen themselves. But that does not mean there is no way to get the job done faster.

Growers suggest placing the fruit in a fruit bowl or in a paper bag with the top folded over. Keep the fruit at room temperature，out of direct sunlight. Once the fruit is soft enough，either use it or put it in the refrigerator to keep it from getting too ripe.

1. Companion planting refers to the idea that         ．

A．some crops can grow together to benefit each other

B．some crops have the similar needs of nutrients，soil and water level

C．some plants can damage each other if grown together

D．a good farming method to prevent natural disasters

2. According to the text，        cannot grow together.

A．beans and potatoes	B．tomatoes and watercress
C．legumes and corns	D．rice and sugarcane

3. What is the function of ethylene?

A．To improve the quality of fruits.	B．To produce a poisonous gas.
C．To keep vegetables fresh.	D．To make fruits ripe earlier.

4. The text is most likely to be taken from        ．

A．a newspaper of medicine	B．a magazine of biology
C．a journal of agriculture	D．a travel report