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阅读理解-阅读单选(约300词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蒲公英种子播散的机制:降落伞中心感知湿度,并根据信号打开或关闭降落伞来留在原地或飞到适合生存的地方,这对了解未来气候如何影响生态系统非常重要。

2 . Dandelion (蒲公英) seeds are some of the best flyers in nature, catching the wind and spreading as far as 100 kilometers. Each dandelion seed is tied by a thin tube to around 100 hairs, which form the parachute-like (类似降落伞的) structure. When seeds break free from the flower head, these hairs catch the wind and carry their seeds. This hairy parachute closes when the air is humid (潮湿的), which often means the wind is weak. In drier and windier conditions, dandelions widen their parachutes to better catch the wind so the seeds can fly freely.

However, in the past, nobody knew how they sense and respond to their environment so effectively.

Now researchers have uncovered the secret “thinking” behind dandelions’ spreading seeds. Their work, published in Nature Communications, found the seed-carrying parachutes open and close using something like actuators — devices that change signals into movement — without using active input of energy. The center of the parachutes senses the humidity of their immediate environment by absorbing water molecules (分子) from the air. Responding to these humidity signals, they either open their parachutes and fly away, or close their parachutes and stay put.

Study author Dr. Naomi Nakayama of the Department of Bioengineering who led the work said that their findings reveal how the dandelion ensures the survival of its species by making perhaps the most important decision in a plant’s life — to stay or go to seek a better habitat.

“Understanding how dandelions work is fascinating because the dandelion is the foundation of ecosystems. It feeds insects and birds,” Nakayama says. “So, the environmental sensitivity of their flight is an important topic for us to understand how nature will change in future climates.”

1. What can be learned from paragraph 1?
A.Dandelion seeds have a tube-like design.
B.A dandelion flower consists of 100 hairs.
C.Dandelion seeds begin to grow in dry weather.
D.The dandelion parachute closes on wet mornings.
2. What do researchers find about the dandelion?
A.Its hairs catch the wind easily.
B.Its actuator needs extra energy to function.
C.The middle of its parachute measures humidity.
D.The shape of its actuator was changed by the wind.
3. Why do they study how dandelions work according to Nakayama?
A.To feed more insects and birds.B.To better learn about climate change.
C.To change dandelions’ living environment.D.To further explain their role in ecosystems.
4. What is the text mainly about?
A.Why dandelion seeds “prefer” the wind.
B.How dandelions “tell” us their destinations.
C.How dandelions “decide” to spread their seeds.
D.Why dandelion seeds “create” parachute-like structures.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约250词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个值得游览的墨西哥城市。

3 . Mexico has more than just beaches. Several Mexican cities have been recognized as forming part of the heritage of humanity and are considered to be of outstanding universal value.

Oaxaca

Oaxaca and the nearby archaeological site Monte Alban have both been recognized by UNESCO. Oaxaca, the capital city of the state of the same name, was founded in 1529 and offers a good example of previous Spanish town planning. Oaxaca is considered one of Mexico’s best foodie destinations. Learn what foods and drinks you should try in Oaxaca.

Guanajuato

As a silver mining town in the past, Guanajuato seems special. The winding streets and small squares give it a more friendly feel than some of the other cities. This is a student town with a vibrant culture and an important cultural festival — the International Cervantino Festival which is held every October.

Puebla

Puebla is one of Mexico’s large cities, but its historical center can easily be explored on foot. It has some special historical structures such as the 16th-century cathedral and some other fine buildings with walls covered in tiles.

Morelia

Morelia, the capital of the state of Michoacán, was originally called Valladolid, but its name was changed in honor of independence hero José María Morelos y Pavón. The Museo del Dulce is a stop you shouldn’t miss in Morelia. Visits to nearby Patzcuaro or the reserves are also recommended on a trip to Morelia.

1. What are visitors recommended to do in Oaxaca?
A.Walk on a beach.B.Enjoy local cuisine.
C.Visit a student town.D.Join a cultural festival.
2. What does Puebla feature?
A.Architecture.B.Reserves.C.Silver mining.D.Foods and drinks.
3. Which place’s name is related to a hero?
A.Oaxaca.B.Guanajuato.C.Puebla.D.Morelia.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约260词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型的环保的聚会方式——太阳能自行车驱动的聚会的起源、目的和工作原理等。

4 . A French company called SolarSoundSystem is celebrating its 24th year of hosting solar-and-bicycle-powered parties in Europe. Founder Cedric Carles says “it is necessary to perform in public spaces in order to increase the level of general knowledge and catch public concern about climate change.” The solar-powered sound systems started off in Lausanne, Switzerland, but have now taken off in France, Berlin, the Basque region of Spain and Tel Aviv.

The principle is simple, during the day batteries are charged by solar energy. These are attached to generators which allow the speakers to function and power the DJ turntables (唱机转盘) too. Impressively, the sound quality is so high that it can provide music for up to 500 people. In terms of how long the music can last, the team explains that even with partial sun clouds, the machines can operate for 5 hours without bicycles and 6 to 8 hours with bicycles. With plenty of sun in the sky, the party can go on until dark. Then at night, party-goers are encouraged to take turns donating pedal power, by riding the bikes to keep the music going.

To mark the 23rd anniversary of the parties last year, the eco-friendly sound system released a vinyl record (黑胶唱片) of the electronic artists that have been playing on their systems over the years. The chosen songs pay tribute to the eight international artists who have supported SolarSoundsystem in the past years, such as Jay Ka and Gregorythme.

1. Why are the solar-and-bicycle-powered parties hosted?
A.To raise the awareness of environmental protection.
B.To stress the importance of donating pedal power.
C.To explain the bad effects of climate change.
D.To mark the contributions of electronic artists.
2. What can be inferred from the passage?
A.The solar-and-bicycle-powered parties have been popular all over the world.
B.The vinyl record is released to mark the 23rd anniversary of the parties.
C.The music can last 1-3 hours longer with partial sun/clouds with the help of bicycles.
D.The batteries are simply charged by solar energy during the night.
3. What does the underlined part “pay tribute to” in para 3 mean?
A.Pay attention to.B.Show respect to.
C.Attach importance to.D.Make contributions to.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A.Solar-powered parties are on the rise in Europe.
B.SolarSoundSystem celebrates its 24th birthday.
C.An eco-friendly company released a vinyl record.
D.Humans should be concerned about climate change
2023-12-09更新 | 29次组卷 | 1卷引用:陕西省安康市2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题
智能选题,一键自动生成优质试卷~
阅读理解-阅读单选(约290词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了童年经常游泳的Scartozzi,因河水受到污染而不能带孩子在河里游泳,这段经历激发她带动自己的公司研发高科技,把清理河道的污染物、净化水域作为自己的使命。

5 . Growing up in Canterbury, Scartozzi recalls swimming in rivers as part of her childhood. When she returned many years later, however, she noticed things had changed. “Some of the places where I could swim before now have signs saying ‘polluted water, do not swim’,” she says. “I wanted to take my kids to places to swim but we couldn’t because these signs were up.”

Although the experience was sad and surprising, it has also served as fuel for Scartozzi, who’s now focusing on restoring the health of waterways. Her company called eCleanEnvirotech is developing technology to remove pollutants from waterways such as rivers, ponds and streams. It involves feeding polluted water into a system housing microbes (微生物) that eat or break up the pollutants.

The “engineered” nature of the technology, Scartozzi explains, means it’s adaptable for different environment conditions. Each system can be personalized with its own unique “soup” of microbes to remove the pollutants in any waterway where it is installed (安装).

Other advantages of the technology, she says, are that it can process water relatively quickly and that it can be used to treat waterways in a variety of sizes and locations.

She says she hopes to create cleaner water for the benefit of future generations. “My passion is around restoring the health of these waterways. And my purpose is to do anything that I can to return them to their former condition. That’s what drives me every day. If I can do anything, it is so that in the future, my kids and grandchildren have somewhere where they can go swimming and fishing.”

1. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A.Scartozzi and her kids were fond of swimming.
B.The experience inspired Scartozzi to clean up waterways.
C.Waterways in the world were unsuitable for swimming.
D.The company focuses on the development of the technology.
2. What is one advantage of the technology?
A.It is convenient and economic.B.It can be used in limited waterways.
C.It functions slowly but effectively.D.Its system is flexible and efficient.
3. What is the goal of Scartozzi?
A.To introduce her company.B.To swim and fish in the river.
C.To regain healthy waterways.D.To educate future generations.
4. Which of the following can best describe Scartozzi?
A.EnergeticB.Curious.C.Outgoing.D.Responsible.
完形填空(约220词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了科研人员在南极洲的工作情况。

6 . Antarctica is the continent which is the most southern area of land on the Earth and is mostly ________ with ice. This is one of the driest and ________ places in the world. But people from all over the world come to ________ there. Near the South Pole, three thousand people live together in a place ________ Amundsen-Scott Station.

The Station ________ libraries, cinemas, shops, sports rooms, canteens and laboratories. There is electricity, and they have telephone—the system ________ they use to have a conversation with someone in ________ place. And they have ________—electronic machines that store information and use programs to help them find, organize, or change the information.

But the people here ________ travel by car, or train or bus, because there aren’t any roads or railways near the Station. They ________ by slip, helicopter, plane, or snow tractor, or ________ dogs.

There aren’t ________ trees or flowers there, but there are hundreds of different birds and other ________.

Most of the people here are ________. They study plant and animal life and how ice ________. The ice can ________ us about changes in climate, Ray Kingman is an expert at Amundsen-Scott Station, telling us ________ the phone, “This is my second year here. It’s a very interesting and beautiful place, but life is very ________ in winter. In summer we can go ________ in hot pools of water. We welcome newcomers here for further ________ of the continent!”

1.
A.filledB.fullC.discoveredD.covered
2.
A.warmestB.coldestC.coolestD.hottest
3.
A.travelB.settleC.workD.live
4.
A.calledB.builtC.knownD.lived
5.
A.existsB.buildsC.hasD.lies
6.
A.whereB.thatC.whoD.how
7.
A.otherB.anotherC.the anotherD.the other
8.
A.printersB.iconsC.miceD.computers
9.
A.don’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t
10.
A.goB.jogC.travelD.run
11.
A.withB.inC.onD.at
12.
A.someB.anyC.manyD.much
13.
A.plantsB.lifeC.animalsD.things
14.
A.teachersB.scientistsC.doctorsD.workers
15.
A.flowsB.formsC.freezesD.moves
16.
A.showB.tellC.suggestD.say
17.
A.inB.withC.aboutD.on
18.
A.pleasantB.easyC.hardD.comfortable
19.
A.boatingB.swimmingC.fishingD.washing
20.
A.studyB.lifeC.visitD.climate
2022-11-16更新 | 60次组卷 | 1卷引用:陕西省安康市2022-2023学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题(含听力)
听力选择题-短文 | 适中(0.65) |
7 . 听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。
1. What percentage of people in Britain were working from home in 2019?
A.30%.B.25%.C.5%.
2. What will happen by 2100 according to some forecasts?
A.Air conditioning will add 0. 5℃ to global warming.
B.The British government will have 30, 000 houses built.
C.More and more houses won’t use the heat.
3. What did Mr. Palmer say about the existing housing stock?
A.It was designed without using air conditioning.
B.It was poorly prepared to deal with rising temperatures.
C.It did harm to people’s health and productivity.
2022-11-16更新 | 59次组卷 | 1卷引用:陕西省安康市2022-2023学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题(含听力)
阅读理解-阅读单选(约320词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了鱼可以发出许多声音,解释了鱼如何发出声音以及这些声音的作用。

8 . Summer is coming, and soon beaches will be full of the sounds of people having fun: splashing (泼洒) in waves and playing in the sand. But imagine finding a quieter spot of ocean. If you could stick your ears under the water, you might hear other sounds. And many of those sounds are made by fish.

People have known that fish make sounds since ancient Greece; that is why they gave some fish names like red drum, pig fish or croaker. “They’re based on the sounds these fish make,” said Audrey Looby. She studies fish sounds at the University of Florida.

So far, about 1,000 fish species have been recorded making sounds. Looby’s favorite-sounding fish is the Gulf toadfish. It makes an amazing sound like a boat whistle. Scientists are not sure how many fish make sounds. Some think that it might be as many as 22,000 types, about two-thirds of the 34,000 fish species known. And those are just the sounds fish make on purpose.

Fish sounds are important because they give a lot of information about what is going on to other fish, and to scientists. If scientists hear a fish chewing, then they know there is food available. The warning noises of certain fish species give information, too. They can tell scientists how many fish are living on a reef and where they are located. And fish sounds can tell where the endangered species are located, too, said Looby.

Fish sounds might even help preserve and bring back fish habitats. For example, scientists want to try playing healthy fish sounds in a reef that is dying. The healthy sounds might encourage fish to return and live in the dying reef. “Learning about fish sounds lets us learn about underwater environments and hopefully manage them at the same time,” Looby said.

1. Why are some fish names mentioned in paragraph 2?
A.To make a prediction.
B.To think highly of ancient Greece.
C.To introduce a new research.
D.To present a rule about naming fishes.
2. What can be learnt about fish sounds?
A.They are made by accident.
B.They sound like boat whistles.
C.They remain partly mysterious.
D.They are fully explored scientifically.
3. What might fish sounds help scientists with?
A.Locating reefs.B.Recovering fish habitats.
C.Identifying species.D.Identifying the types of reefs.
4. What do the last two paragraphs mainly focus on?
A.The significance of fish sounds.
B.The explanation of fish sounds.
C.The distribution of fish sounds.
D.The classification of fish sounds.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约290词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些减少家庭内外浪费的方法,为保护地球尽一份自己的力量。

9 . We all want to do our part in reducing waste and improving the well-being of our planet. And it does require some mindfulness and effort. Below are ways to reduce waste in and out of the home.

Prepare now, eat later.

Preparing food in advance can save money and reduce waste. Spending a few hours at the beginning of the week can really make your week run smoother because each day your food is already ready to go. Also, by preparing meals in advance, we’re better able to use all the groceries we’ve bought without leaving them so long in the fridge that they go bad.

Use a reusable water bottle.

Using a reusable water bottle can cut down on plastic consumption (消耗). A reusable water bottle can also help keep you properly hydrated (补充水分) because you’ll have it on hand.

Reusable food containers are your friend.

Using reusable food containers will pair nicely with preparing food in advance. These containers can be used and washed over and over again so you won’t need to buy additional options.

Order small portions (份额) when eating out.

Starting small when eating out is a great way to prevent food waste! We understand that eating out is enjoyable, and this way ensures that you only order what you’ll eat. Also, you’re always able to order more if you’re still hungry. If you do happen to order too much, box it up and take it home for later.

One or two of these tips can help reduce the amount of resources and food that go to waste in your daily life. Every step is positive for the planet.

1. What can help you reduce food waste in the text?
A.Cooking at home.B.Preparing food in advance.
C.Keeping food in the fridge.D.Buying food every day.
2. How can you reduce resources waste?
A.Use small containersB.Try reusable things.
C.Eat later or out.D.Stay hungry.
3. What is the main purpose of the text?
A.To introduce daily actions against wasting.
B.To describe the problems our planet is facing.
C.To show readers tips about reducing waste.
D.To compare effective steps for protecting our planet.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约300词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,主要讲地震发生时,老鼠也可以成为人类的好朋友,他们可以进入到狭小的空间发现活着的人,然后向救援人员发出信号。

10 . Everybody hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals of the world—Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey—rats will soon be man’s new best friends.

What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.

How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信号). This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.

Although there are already robots which can do this job. rats are better. Christian Linter at Cornell University—New York says. “Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that. ” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity!

The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says. “It would be wonderful. A rat could get into spaces we couldn’t get to and a rat would get out if it wasn’t safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).

1. In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become man s best friends because they can ________.
A.take the place of man’s rescue jobs
B.find the position of people alive who are trapped in buildings
C.serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildings
D.get into small spaces
2. The rescuers can judge a person is alive by ________.
A.the noise made by the rat
B.the rat’s unusual behavior
C.the signal sent by the radio on the rat’s back
D.the smell given off by the person
3. In doing rescue jobs, ________.
A.rats smell better than dogs
B.dogs don’t need to be trained to smell people
C.rats can see in the dark and smaller than all the robots
D.robots’ sense of smell can be affected by other smells around
4. Rats have all the following advantages EXCEPT that ________ .
A.they are more wonderful than other animals
B.they are less expensive to train than dogs
C.they don’t need electricity
D.they are small and can get into small places
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