1 . A sheep in Scotland, known as the “loneliest sheep”, was stuck at the bottom of a cliff for over two years. A group of farmers made it their
Wilson explained that it was too
The Scottish Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals was present to
Wilson
A.way | B.destination | C.burden | D.mission |
A.discovered | B.witnessed | C.employed | D.followed |
A.base | B.form | C.spot | D.extent |
A.hesitating | B.urgent | C.optimistic | D.sympathetic |
A.accounts | B.updates | C.benefits | D.identities |
A.illegal | B.expensive | C.risky | D.complex |
A.reaching | B.finding | C.defending | D.caring |
A.identifying | B.planning | C.disguising | D.defining |
A.substance | B.material | C.hand | D.equipment |
A.frequently | B.physically | C.safely | D.openly |
A.provide | B.ensure | C.guide | D.promote |
A.condition | B.potential | C.mood | D.fashion |
A.charity | B.protection | C.rescue | D.cheering |
A.reflected on | B.brought in | C.broke down | D.called up |
A.incident | B.scene | C.barrier | D.outcome |
2 . At first glance the sea turtles look as if they were dead because they hardly move. But if you look closely enough, they show a slow glimpse of life. These turtles are all washed up in Massachusetts every December, on the windy beaches of Cape Cod Bay.
Shaver, chief of the Division of Sea Turtle Science and Recovery at Padre Island National Seashore in Texas, said, “If we don’t help save this species, we will lose a piece that enriches us. There’s a whole variety of things that can harm them: oil spills, boat strikes, red tides, and so on.” That is why all the urgent care they’re getting back up North is more important than ever.
Saving could never happen unless hundreds of pilots were willing to volunteer their time, their planes, and their fuel to rush the rescued turtles to willing rehab facilities (康复中心) all around the country.
On this particular mission, Andrews, vice president of a unique nonprofit called Turtles Fly Too, with his dad as a co-pilot, will fly more than 2,000 miles, from Boston, to Atlanta, then on to Gulfport and finally Dallas, dropping off 44 sick sea turtles along the way, in hopes that one day they’ll be well enough to be released. It is worth mentioning that the pilots that are flying these missions are pulling $1 million out of their pocket to fly these missions every year.
With good care and the help of volunteers, these turtles were finally ready to go home again. According to Andrews, “90% of the turtles that we’ve moved to the rehab facilities have ended up back in the ocean.”
“We humans have not always been kind to the sea and those that live in it. But on this day, it was humans—not me, but the hundreds of veterinarians, biologists, volunteers, and pilots—who all came together to give these critically-endangered sea turtles a second chance that they rarely got,” Andrews added.
1. What happens to the turtles on the beaches of Cape Cod Bay?A.They are dying out. | B.They adapt to living onshore. |
C.They are in danger. | D.They are caught by humans. |
A.Thrilled. | B.Concerned. | C.Annoyed. | D.Moved. |
A.The pilots’ generous devotion. | B.The division’s urgent care. |
C.The rehab facilities’ willingness to help. | D.The improvement of the turtles’ habitats. |
A.It is unsatisfactory. | B.It is less effective. | C.It is controversial. | D.It quite pays off. |
3 . Plastic, which is now common, contains endocrine-disrupting chemicals, or EDCs (内分泌干扰物), that has been linked to increased risk of many chronic diseases. Parental exposure to EDCs, for example, has been shown to cause metabolic (新陈代谢的) disorders, including obesity and diabetes, in the later generations.
Led by Changcheng Zhou, a professor of biomedical sciences in the School of Medicine at the University of California, the researchers investigated the impact of fathers’ exposure to a phthalate called dicyclohexyl phthalate, or DCHP (邻苯二甲酸二环己酯), on the metabolic health of first generation (F1) and second generation (F2) in mice. Phthalates are chemicals used to make plastic more durable.
The researchers found that fathers’ DCHP exposure for four weeks led to high insulin (胰岛素) resistance and impaired insulin signaling in F1. The same effect, but weaker, was seen in F2 .
“We found fathers’ exposure to EDCs may have intergenerational and transgenerational detrimental effects on the metabolic health of their later generations, ”Zhou said. “To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to demonstrate this.”
In the case of fathers’ exposure in the study, intergenerational effects are changes that occur due to direct exposure to a stressor, such as exposure to DCHP of fathers (F0 generation) and his F1 generation. Transgenerational effects are changes passed down to later generations that are not directly exposed to the stressor (for example, F2 generation).
“This suggests that fathers’ DCHP exposure can lead to sex-specific transgenerational effects on the metabolic health of their later generations,” Zhou said.
Zhou stressed that the impact of exposure to DCHP on human health is not well understood, even though DCHP is widely used in a variety of plastic products and has been detected in food, water, and indoor particulate matter.
“It’s best to minimize our use of plastic products,” Zhou said. “This can also help reduce plastic pollution, one of our most pressing environmental issues.”
1. Why are phthalates added to plastic?A.To beautify it. | B.To make it long-lasting. |
C.To reduce its cost. | D.To increase its weight. |
A.Negative. | B.External. | C.Distinct. | D.Adventurous. |
A.Bury plastic waste. | B.Watch out for the food they eat. |
C.Use fewest plastic products. | D.Never produce plastic products. |
A.Plastic contains endocrine disrupting chemicals |
B.Plastic pollution is a pressing environmental issue |
C.DCHP is widely used in a variety of plastic products |
D.Chemicals in plastic may impact two generations’ health |
A.Sunny. | B.Cloudy. | C.Rainy. |
In the coming weeks, China Daily will be publishing special reports focusing
The Sanjiangyuan National Park, covering 190, 700 square kilometers,
Sanjiangyuan,
Decades ago, climate change and human activity caused serious
1.该季节的基本特点;
2.该季节给你的启示。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Nature in Words
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7 . Pet owners have a big responsibility when it comes to taking care of their furry friends Unfortunately, many pet owners make common mistakes as follows.
● Not providing enough exercise or mental stimulation for your pet
All pets need regular exercise and mental stimulation to stay healthy and happy.
● Over feeding
You might think you’re doing your pet a favor by giving them extra treats, but overfeeding can do more harm than good.
● Not socializing your puppy
Socialization is key to a well-behaved and happy dog. Make sure to introduce your puppy to different people, animals and situations.
Pets are great at hiding their pain and discomfort, so it’s important to watch for any change in behavior or appetite. Don’t hesitate to bring something up with your vet if you notice something off.
To help avoid these types of errors,Wanda Morgan, Chief Editor of Workout Lunatic, gives the following tips.
● Positive reinforcement
Positive reinforcement is always the way to go when training your pet. Use treats and verbal praise to encourage good behavior instead of punishment or scolding.
● Addressing underlying anxiety causes
A.Ignoring signs of illness |
B.Not trusting your puppy |
C.It can help them grow confident and well-adjusted |
D.It can lead to obesity and other serious medical conditions |
E.Mental exercise is crucial to your pet as much as physical exercise |
F.Anxiety-based behavior can stem from a lack of attention or stimulation |
G.Without enough physical activity, your pet may become overweight or bored |
8 . A study published recently shows that tomato fruits are able to transmit alerts to their mother plant when attacked by caterpillars.
Plants have a large number of chemical and hormonal signaling pathways, which are generally transmitted through the sap (树液). Given the fact that fruits just hang from the main plant before ultimately falling off and sap typically only runs from the plant to the fruit — not back and forth between the two — it has long been unclear whether or not fruits can transmit information to the plant.
To address that question, scientists at Brazil’s Federal University of Pelotas placed tomato plants in a Faraday cage. Electrodes (电极) were attached to the ends of the plants’ branches at the points where they connected to the fruits. Then they measured electrical responses within the branches before, during and after a 24-hour period in which the fruits were attacked by caterpillars. Machine-learning-based algorithms were used to identify patterns in the signals.
It was found that there was a “clear difference” between the signals before and after caterpillar attacks. Additionally. defensive biochemical responses were observed throughout the plants’ bodies, suggesting that they had been triggered by signals sent by the fruits. There searchers gave the following explanation. The tomato fruit, sensing a nearby insect, released electrical signals to reach the rest of the plant. These warnings impulses were received by the main plant and as a result, the rest of the plant got prepared to fight off the unwanted invaders. The tomato fruit made sure that the plant produced chemicals that were unpleasant to taste, so that hungry caterpillars stayed off the fruit.
The scientists now plan on investigating whether other fruiting plants behave in the same manner as tomatoes, and whether their fruits respond to threats other than insects. They believe understanding how the plant interacts with its fruits, and the fruits among themselves, may bring insights into how to make use of this communication for enhancing fruit quality, resistance to pests and shelf life after harvest.
1. Which of the following magazine is the text most likely selected from?A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. |
B.Extraordinary Architect. |
C.National Geographic. |
D.The Economist. |
A.A medium that can transmit signals. |
B.A firewall that can prevent attacks. |
C.A shelter where information stores. |
D.A pathway which water runs through. |
A.It fought against the invaders. |
B.It produced an unpleasant taste. |
C.It released a stinky smell. |
D.It emitted electrical signals. |
A.Improve fruit output. |
B.Decrease pest species. |
C.Expand research fields. |
D.Investigate other insects. |
The Lion Rock mountain stands not only as one of the most famous scenic spots in Hong Kong,
The Lion Rock spirit has also
Cui created Lion Rock in Hong Kong, a colored ink painting. In his painting, Cui depicts (描绘) the cliffs of the Lion Rock, surrounded by blooming trees and
10 . Microbiologists have designed a sustainable way to remove polluting microplastics from the environment by using bacteria. Initial design as it is, it paves the way for sustainably lowering plastic pollution levels and stop the “plastification”.
Bacteria naturally tend to group together and stick to surfaces, and this creates a sticky material called “biofilm”. Researchers at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) want to use this adhesive bacteria character and capture microplastics in polluted water to form an easily disposable and recyclable blob(团) .
Sylvia Lang Liu, microbiology researcher at PolyU and lead researcher on this project, together with his team, has engineered a bacterial biofilm, which can fix and absorb microplastics floating around in the water, and make them sink to the bottom of the water. Then the researchers can separate the microplastics from the bacteria traps and get them ready to recycle.
Microplastics are the plastic fragments, usually smaller than 5mm, which are accidentally released into the environment during production and breakdown of grocery bags or water bottles, or during everyday activities such as washing synthetic (合成的) clothes or using personal care products with scrubbing microbeads in them. Microplastics are visually tiny, making it challenging to develop effective solutions to trap, collect, and recycle them.
Microplastics are not easily biodegradable (生物降解的), so they stick around for long and absorb and accumulate poisonous chemicals. They spread into wastewater and into the oceans, endangering marine animals and eventually threatening human health, Microplastics had been found in more than 114 species living in the water and also salt, lettuce, apples, and more in 2018 according to the International Maritime Organization.
“This is an innovative application of biofilm engineering l0 address the plastio pollution crisis,” said Dr Joanna Sadler, researcher at University of Edinburgh, who was not involved in this study. “One of the biggest challenges in dealing with microplastics is capturing such small particles. Liu and co-workers have denmonstrated an elegant solution to this problem, which holds great potential to be further developed into a real-world wastewater treatment technology.”
1. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “adhesive” in Paragraph 2?A.Floating. | B.Sticky. | C.Diverse. | D.Visual. |
A.They are visually too small. | B.They are hard to biodegrade. |
C.They continue to exist for long. | D.They are poisonous chemicals. |
A.Small particles are essential to address water pollution |
B.Biofilm bas been widely used to settle plastic pollution. |
C.Sadler thinks little of the biofilm engineering application. |
D.Biofilm application is promising for wastewater treatment. |
A.Microplastic removal. | B.Uses of bacteria. |
C.Wastewater treatment. | D.Plastic pollution. |