7 . When I first aspired to become a science writer, I imagined each day would be filled with inspiration and creativity. The reality, of course, is far less enjoyable than my fantasies. Researching a story, for example, often involves reading lots of dry and technical papers before I finally strike gold with the information that I seek.
Most professions, I imagine, include challenging but necessary tasks that sap enthusiasm. But a recent paper from Edward Lai at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and his colleagues may offer us all a way to boost our motivation. It is called the "easy addendum effect", and, as the name suggests, it involves ending each work session with a more pleasant task that will be relatively straightforward to complete.
The strategy was inspired by a phenomenon known as the "peak-end rule", which means we often judge events by the way they finish, rather than the overall experience. In one experiment, Daniel Kahneman and his colleagues asked participants to plunge their hands into water at unpleasantly cold temperatures, the first group simply in 14℃ water for 60 seconds, while the second one were given a further 30 seconds in water at 15℃. Surprisingly, most preferred the second option. It seems their memory of the experiment only focused on the last moments, which was slightly more pleasant in the 90-second set-up.
The research suggests that our impressions of work fall prey to the same preference — and we can use that to our advantage. Lai's team gave participants a series of dull tasks — from flexing their muscles against heavy weights to sorting books into alphabetical order or answering customer complaints. In each case, participants performed the tasks with or without an "easy addendum" attached to the end of the job. Those testing their strength were given a few extra rounds of lighter weights while those answering customer queries with some more straightforward requests.
Much like the ice-bath experiments, there was no logical reason why loading on additional work to an existing task should make it more pleasant overall. But the researchers found that the "easy addendums" significantly reduced the anticipated difficulty and increased participants` satisfaction with their jobs.
Since learning about Lai's research, I have tried applying this strategy to my own work. Writing is still my favourite part of the job, and so this article was a pleasant addendum to an otherwise demanding day of research for another one. By putting these words on the page, I feel far more energised about the work behind me — and readier to enjoy the evening ahead.
1. Which is the author's initial aspiration as a science writer?
A.To enjoy a challenging and enjoyable career. |
B.To have a daily routine filled with creativity. |
C.To conduct research and write technical papers. |
D.To strike gold with every story they research. |
2. What does the underlined word "sap" mean in Paragraph 2?
A.Weaken. | B.Boost. | C.Inspire. | D.Refuse. |
3. What can we infer from "the ice-bath experiments"?
A.Participants could not bear 14°C longer than those could in 15℃. |
B.Participants were unwilling to be loaded on additional work. |
C.Participants usually cared more about the end of events. |
D.Participants performed the tasks with an “easy addendum”. |
4. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A.No man is content if he or she is given more work. |
B.“Easy addendum” can reduce difficulties in jobs. |
C.One's pleasure comes through suffering in jobs. |
D.“Easy addendum” can increase job satisfaction. |