1 . Sandhya Sriram is impatient. The stem-cell (干细胞) scientist wanted to put her knowledge to use, developing cultivated seafood. Yet no one was doing that in Singapore. So four years ago, she set up a company to create lab-grown crustacean (甲壳纲动物) meat.
Today, the results of her
Shiok Meats has already revealed shrimp, lobster, and crab prototypes (最初形态) to a select group of tasters, and it plans to
But even if that ambitious
“We’re at an interesting stage of a startup; it’s called the Valley of Death,” says Sriram. “We are in the space where we haven’t submitted for regulatory approval yet, but we’re looking to commercialize in the next two years.” Nevertheless, the impatient entrepreneur is
In a word, when science meets seafood, many wonderful things happen naturally.
1.A.Eagerly | B.Hurriedly | C.Incidentally | D.Interestingly |
A.dieter | B.foodie | C.taster | D.vegetarian |
A.discipline | B.enthusiasm | C.discovery | D.mindset |
A.growing | B.investigating | C.increasing | D.targeting |
A.accept | B.adopt | C.grant | D.seek |
A.farm | B.race | C.section | D.line |
A.available | B.affordable | C.competitive | D.profitable |
A.additive | B.cruelty | C.meat | D.salt |
A.guideline | B.transformation | C.condition | D.timeline |
A.demanding | B.directing | C.persuading | D.training |
A.delightful | B.insightful | C.open-minded | D.optimistic |
A.difference | B.emergence | C.sacrifice | D.leap |
A.Tracking | B.Supervising | C.Popularizing | D.Sampling |
A.feeding | B.killing | C.mistreating | D.trapping |
A.captured | B.stranded | C.consumed | D.produced |
假设你是明启中学的学生吴磊,你在英语一考中取得了118分的成绩,现在你正面临着是否参加6月份二考的选择,请谈谈你的想法。内容需包括:
1)说明你的选择;
2)阐述你的理由。
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The ingredients of love
In modern times, finding love seems more central to people’s lives. Then, researchers wonder, can love, a highly valued emotional state, be created?
To help determine the ingredients of attraction, one research paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes to get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to predict what kind of relationship they might build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened. Reports showed their initial judgments often held true. All these students seemed to distinguish at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.
Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling open to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as gifted as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.
Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for attractiveness. The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we assess attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic. When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to positive words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8 . The young lead new trends in consumption market
With the post-1990 generation becoming a vibrant (充满活力的) force in society and the post-2000 generation gradually entering the workforce, the purchasing power of the new generation of consumers has been steadily growing.
In terms of consumption pattern, online shopping has become the top choice for young people. Young people not only comprise a comparatively high percentage of internet users but also tend to shop online.
And yet a trend toward rational consumption has been growing rapidly over the past few years.
When it comes to brand cognition, young consumers seem to favor domestic products. Thanks to information online, young consumers no longer blindly pursue foreign brands and instead prefer local brands, highlighting their confidence in Chinese-made products. From Li-Ning, Anta to Warrior shoes, domestic brands in various fields are being warmly welcomed by young consumers.
A.Young consumers no longer blindly chase trendy or luxury items. |
B.They excel in using mobile devices and social media for getting information. |
C.Their tendency to pay much leads to the development of products and services. |
D.Their changing behaviors in consumption have promoted high-quality products. |
E.In fact, young people are slowly becoming the main force in the consumer market. |
F.They are willing to pay for products with unique features and innovative services. |
9 .
The phrase “coin toss” is a classic equivalent to randomness. But since at least the 18th century, mathematicians have suspected that even fair coins tend to land on one side slightly more often than the other. Proving this tiny bias (偏见), however, would require hundreds of thousands of carefully recorded coin tosses, making laboratory tests a nightmare.
František Bartoš, currently a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Amsterdam, became fascinated by this challenge four years ago. He couldn’t round up enough volunteers to investigate it at first. “Nobody was stupid enough to spend a couple of weekends tossing coins,” he says. But after he began his Ph.D. studies, he tried again, recruiting 47 volunteers (many of them friends and fellow students) from six countries. Multiple weekends of coin tossing later, the team had performed 350,757 tosses, breaking the previous record of 40,000.
The tossed coins, according to previous findings, landed with the same side facing upward as before the toss 50.8 percent of the time. The large number of throws allows statisticians to conclude that the nearly one percent bias isn’t a fluke. “We can be quite sure there is a bias in coin tosses after this data set,” Bartoš says.
The leading theory explaining the subtle advantage comes from a 2007 physics study by statistician Persi Diaconis and his colleagues, whose calculations predicted a same-side bias of 51 percent. From the moment a coin is launched into the air, its entire path in the air — including whether it lands on heads or tails — can be calculated by the laws of mechanics. The researchers determined that coins in the air barely turn around their symmetrical axis (对称轴); instead they tend to move off-center unsteadily, which causes them to spend a little more time in the air with their initial “up” side on top.
For day-to-day decisions, coin tosses are as good as random because a one percent bias isn’t perceptible with just a few coin tosses, says another statistician who wasn’t involved in the new research. Still, the study’s conclusions should eliminate any doubt that still exists regarding the coin toss’s slim bias.
It isn’t difficult to prevent this bias from influencing your coin-toss matches; simply concealing the coin’s starting position before tossing it should do the trick. Alternatively, you can do away with tossing altogether by shaking the coin between your palms. But if your friends are unaware of the tiny bias, you may as well benefit from your slight advantage. After all, 51 percent odds beat a lot.
1. Why was it difficult to prove the tiny bias in coin tosses?A.Because it required a large number of trials and loads of tests. |
B.Because few scientists and researchers were interested in this topic. |
C.Because scientists lacked the ability and technique to conduct this study. |
D.Because previous researches failed many times and scientists lost confidence. |
A.happens by accident | B.can be planned in advance |
C.occurs under specific conditions | D.can be gained by practice |
A.This one percent bias matters little in real life. |
B.We should rely on this one percent bias to help us. |
C.Though unnoticeable, we may still take advantage of this bias. |
D.Relying on the one percent bias to win a coin-toss match is unfair. |
A.Risk-takers? Experts recommend coin-toss matches. |
B.Luck or Maths? Here’re some tips on tossing coins. |
C.Coin collectors? There’re stories behind each coin. |
D.Heads or Tails? Research suggests it’s not 50-50. |
The Waterslide Tester
When the pool where he worked as a lifeguard was closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, Guillaume Pop took jobs at various other pools that were virtually deserted. In one video on the social platform, he pretended to be a “professional waterslide tester”. Unexpectedly, Pop became a social media sensation. He was then hired to “test” slides and other facilities at water parks and swimming pools all over France. “It’s the best job in the world,” declares Pop, whose videos have received 80 million views. “I’m not behind a desk. I’m active and outside in the sun. In fact, all the children tell me they want to be a waterslide tester!”
The Reindeer HerderFinnish Lapland is home to around 200,000 wild reindeer. Anne Ollila, one of the 4,000 owners of these animals, works in this harsh but beautiful region with her big family. She gave up her job as a sociology researcher in 2010 to devote herself to reindeer herding full time. In summer, Ollila sleeps during the day and walks up to 12 miles a night through marsh and forest, enduring all kinds of insects. In deepest winter there is little daylight. Grasslands are frozen and the reindeer move into the forest for protection. “Life here isn’t easy but it’s how nature works,” says Ollila, “I love the environment, the animals and the freedom. Also, I have a sense of belonging to something bigger than me, to the chain of life through the generations.”
The Zombie TrainerStevie Douglas, a 52-year-old Scot, has taught people how to behave like all varieties of the undead. A big fan of horror movies, Douglas noticed the zombies he saw in films were often unconvincing. “Their movement was poor and I thought I could do better.” So, in 2012, he formed ScareScotland to provide zombies for films and events such as horror conventions. A year later they started a zombie training program, which took off when they received a request for 300 zombies for a three-week-long interactive production. “What we do is very specific.” says Douglas. Many people enjoy being frightened, and he’s happy to oblige them.
1. What do the three people introduced in the passage above have in common?A.Their jobs are dangerous, unstable and low-paid. |
B.Their jobs are well received throughout the world. |
C.They have great passion and pride in what they do. |
D.They need professional qualifications to do their job. |
A.It has a sense of freedom. | B.It is full of vigor and energy. |
C.It is what he has been doing for decades. | D.It satisfies people’s wishes to be frightened. |
A.Employees who are considering switching jobs. |
B.Students who are applying for ideal universities. |
C.Children who are interested in unusual activities. |
D.Graduates who are deciding on their essay topics. |