A Blessing From A Homeless Person
On the way back from work every evening, more often than not, there would be a homeless man standing at the exit of the freeway. He seemed to be in his late 40s, but was probably a little younger. Although wearing ill-fitting clothes and a mismatched pair of shoes, he seemed neither scruffy nor gloomy. With a huge grin highlighting his face, he always waved at every car and sometimes almost danced, which made the thick moustache appear “stylish” and even adorable.
Every day after work I would remember to gather any spare change, and put it aside to give him if I saw him. A feeling of joy would come over me every time I caught sight of him while coming down the ramp. He did have that effect. I’d quickly roll down my window and give him the coins. Occasionally the red light would be on for a minute and we would ask each other about our day. His answer would always be the same— “I’m blessed!” I knew what his answer was going to be every time, yet I would still ask just as if his words could work their magic on me. It amazed me that even in his situation of being homeless he was so positive, and his answer would always remind me how blessed I was: a single mother of four amazing kids, with a place to call home and a job to provide for my family.
One day I was called into my boss’s office and informed that I was being laid off due to the depressing economy. This came as a nasty shock for a single mother whose big family survived on this salary. A feeling of helplessness and grief engulfed me, then followed by endless worry. For the rest of that day, all I could think of was “How am I going to provide for my kids? How am I going to pay rent? And what am I going to do?”
注意:1.续写词数应为 150 左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Needless to say, I was very sad and upset on my way home that day.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________You see that day he gave me more than a dollar bill; he taught me a valuable lesson.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A Little Boy
A little boy selling magazines for school walked up to a house that people rarely visited. The house was very old and shabby and the owner hardly ever came out. When he did come out, he would not say hello to his neighbors or passers-by but simply just glared at them.
The boy knocked on the door and waited, sweating from fear of the old man. The boy’s parents told him to stay away from the house, and a lot of other neighborhood children were told the same thing from their parents.
Dusk found the boy lingering on and hesitating what to do. As he was ready to walk away, the door slowly opened. “What do you want?” the old man said impatiently. The little boy was very afraid but he had a quota (定额) to meet for school with selling the magazines. So he got up the courage and said, “Uh, Sir, I am selling these magazines and, uh, I was wondering if you would like to buy one from me.”
The old man just stared at the boy without a word. The boy could see inside the old man’s house and saw that he had dog figurines (小雕像) on the fireplace mantle. “Do you collect dogs?” The little boy asked. “Yes, I have many collections in my house. They are my family here and they are all I have.” The boy then felt sorry for the man, as it seemed that he was a very lonely soul.
“Well, I do have a magazine here for collectors. It is perfect for you. I also have one about dogs since you like dogs so much.” The old man was ready to close the door on the boy and said, “No, boy. I don’t need any magazines of any kind, now goodbye.”
The little boy was sad that he was not going to make his quota with the sale. He was also sad for the old man being so alone in the house that he owned. The boy went home and then had an idea. He had a little dog figurine that he got some years ago from an aunt. The figurine did not mean nearly as much to him since he had a real live dog and a large family.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式作答。
The little boy headed back down to the old man’s house.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________From that day on something changed inside the old man.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3 . Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.
But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) —chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.
According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.
To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade.
“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.
Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes (开药 方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression. “Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website.
It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes.
1. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?A.Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression. |
B.The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids. |
C.Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running. |
D.The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood. |
A.To find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms. |
B.To see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high. |
C.To identify what is responsible for the runner’s high. |
D.To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released. |
A.Effect. | B.Goal. | C.Opinion. | D.Question |
A.They can help ease depression symptoms. |
B.They are the best way to treat depression. |
C.They only work for those with serious depression. |
D.They can help people completely recover from depression. |
4 . Whether shyness is part of your child’s personality or just something they feel when they are in front of a group of strangers, it is a typical experience. “Shyness isn’t always as socially valued as more outgoing personalities. However, we should step back and think about different personalities and their unique advantages,” said Pérez-Edgar, professor of psychology (心理学) at The Pennsylvania State University. “Everyone can feel shy at times. And those who are especially shy often have happy social lives --they just aren’t likely to be the liveliest person in a crowded room.”
But there are things to watch out for. If your children are avoiding situations that are important or could be enjoyable for them because they’re feeling nervous, it might be time to take action, said Chiappini, a child expert. “That could mean not speaking in class, trouble making friends, or not joining in activities they like.” she said.
Chiappini recommended first saying something like: “You seem a little nervous or unsure about who everyone is/what to say . We haven’t met them before and that can feel a little uncomfortable.” From there, you can encourage them to join someone or say something when they are ready ---with the promise that you will be there to support them, she added.
The more we avoid situations where kids may feel shy, the more anxiety (担心) we will have about them in the future. But that doesn’t mean to push your child into the deep end.
“We may have to deal with the situation step by step. For example, you may have to encourage your child just to make eye contact during an outing before expecting them to ask someone a question,” Chiappini said.
1. What may Pérez - Edgar agree with?A.Shyness is not as bad as people have thought. |
B.Children are more likely to feel shy than adults. |
C.Shy people like to stay with lively people. |
D.It’s difficult for people to get over shyness. |
A.When they ask for instructions from others. |
B.When they feel nervous in school activities. |
C.When they try hard to mix with other children. |
D.When they are absent from important situations. |
A.Tell their kids what they should say. |
B.Ask their kids how they are feeling. |
C.Help their kids stay away from some situations. |
D.Show their kids they understand how they feel. |
A.Parents should be strict with the shy children. |
B.Parents should push the shy children to be outgoing. |
C.Parents should be patiently guide the shy children. |
D.Parents should encourage shy children to make eye contact with them. |
5 . The “little voice in your head” can be your worst critic and greatest supporter. It’s been known to help with directions, give advice, and even remind you to put potatoes on the grocery list.
But does everyone have an inner monologue(独白)? For a long time, it was assumed that an inner voice was simply part of being human. But it turns out, that’s not the case—not everyone processes life in words and sentences.
“By inner monologue, we mean that we can have private speech that’s addressed to ourselves and that is carried out without any sound,” said Helene Loevenbruck, a senior neurolinguistics researcher at CNRS.
With true inner speech, you almost “hear” your inner voice, she told Live Science. You’re aware of its tone and intonation (语调). For example, the voice can “sound” angry or worried.
This long-held assumption was first challenged in the late 1990s by Russell Hurlburt, a psychologist at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Hurlburt studied participants’ inner speech by asking them to wear a beeper(传呼机). Whenever the device beeped, they had to write down what they were thinking or experiencing in their mind just before the sound.
Perhaps the participant wrote down, “I need to buy some bread.” He would then ask if that’s what they actually thought. “Or did you think ‘bread’? Or were you hungry?” Loevenbruck explained. After several meetings, participants got better at articulating (流利连贯地表达)their true thoughts, she said. Eventually, this method revealed that some people had inner speech every time the device beeped. But others had less inner speech than usual, and some didn’t have inner speech at all. They experienced images, sensations and emotions, but not a voice or words.
The lack of an inner monologue has been linked to a condition called aphantasia (心盲症)sometimes called “blindness of the mind’s eye.” People who experience aphantasia can’t mentally picture their bedroom or their mother’s face. Many times, those who don’t experience visualizations don’t experience clear inner speech, either, Loevenbruck noted.
1. What was previously assumed about the inner monologue?A.It rarely existed in humans. | B.It could help solve all kinds of problems. |
C.It was something everyone was born with. | D.It was mainly displayed in the form of writing. |
A.It lacks tone and intonation. | B.It is delivered in public. |
C.It can be heard by others. | D.It can convey emotions. |
A.He used a beeper to note down participants’ inner speech. |
B.He required participants to describe their grocery lists. |
C.He checked participants’ notes and asked about their true thoughts. |
D.He placed something in participants’ heads to record their inner speech. |
A.They suffer serious brain damage. | B.They cannot distinguish what they see. |
C.They misunderstand their true thoughts. | D.They fail to mentally picture what they see. |
6 . Emma Jones’ three-year-old son, Eric, was sharing a hot dog on the deck overlooking her friend Sarah Roth’s swimming pool. One moment Jones was watching Eric play around with the other children at this
Rawlings stood,
Rawlings who’d taken a CPR course just four months earlier, immediately began rescue breathing. Hanging up the phone, Roth, a former flight attendant who’d accumulated
The
A.encounter | B.gathering | C.union | D.game |
A.trace | B.symptom | C.footprint | D.signal |
A.found | B.reviewed | C.fixed | D.scanned |
A.lying | B.floating | C.sinking | D.diving |
A.initial | B.typical | C.creative | D.effective |
A.rolled | B.knocked | C.checked | D.ran |
A.point | B.edge | C.stage | D.spot |
A.accessible | B.abundant | C.apparent | D.significant |
A.took up | B.took in | C.took place | D.took over |
A.performing | B.working | C.testing | D.stretching |
A.maintained | B.adapted | C.monitored | D.tracked |
A.faded | B.changed | C.returned | D.revealed |
A.pool | B.scene | C.route | D.court |
A.courage | B.kindness | C.persistence | D.decisiveness |
A.actually | B.fairly | C.finally | D.simply |
7 . Why Does Food Taste Bad On Airplanes?
How many times have you complained about airline food being tasteless? According to popularly accepted studies, the reason might be a change in our ability to perceive taste.
The Cabin Air is 15% Drier Than the Air on the Ground
To maintain the pressure inside the cabin, airlines must closely regulate the air inside, involving changing its composition. The air inside airplane cabins is far more dry than the air we breathe on the ground.
The Pressure Inside the Cabin is Lower Than on the Ground
In the pressurized cabin a passenger’s bodily fluids will move upwards and the nasal cavities (鼻 腔) swell. The swelling messes with our taste buds, making the food taste unappealing. You might know how dining in such conditions feel, since we’ve all fought colds in the past.
Bad food can’t be blamed merely on the in-cabin conditions too. It’s also possible that the food is actually bad. Due to food safety standards, all meals must be cooked on the ground and unbreakable. Such requirements for mass production definitely ties down the chef’s hands.
What can be done?
A.The method of food production is different. |
B.The mass production of food is to blame. |
C.In some cases, it’s even drier than certain deserts. |
D.A sick person is far from the best judge of food quality. |
E.That makes it our body’s fault, rather than the airlines. |
F.But that doesn’t mean meals served on airplanes can’t taste just as good. |
G.Basically, we can’t use the same recipes for airline meals that we would use on the ground. |
In October, I told the eight-year-olds in the religion class I teach in Pompton Lakes, New Jersey, about my plan. “I’d like all of you to do extra jobs around the house to earn some money,” I said. “Then we'll buy food for a Thanksgiving dinner for someone who might not have a nice dinner otherwise.” I hope they could experience a sense of their own power to effect change.
Early in Thanksgiving week, the boys and girls arrived in class with their hard-earned money. They had set tables, washed dishes and helped with baby-sitting. And now they couldn’t wait to go shopping. I watched while they dashed up and down the supermarket aisles(过道). At last we headed toward the checkout, pushing a cart filled with turkey and all the items needed. Much to my surprise, I saw a pot of purple chrysanthemums(菊花) on top of the cart. It was more reasonable to use any extra money to buy food. “You can’t eat flowers.” I pronounced. But the children insisted and placed the purple plant into the cart.
An agency had given us the name and address of a needy grandmother who had lived alone for years. Soon we were arriving at her house. Between the laughing and those purple flowers, I wasn’t sure that any lesson about giving and receiving was getting through.
We finally pulled up in front of a small house in the woods.
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Then we returned to the car. As we fastened our seat belts, we could see the kitchen window.
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9 . Many people think daydreaming is bad for their emotions and has negative effects on their life and those around them. It makes adapting to life very hard and brains work less effectively.
Contrary to common ideas, the brains of people who are daydreaming might not stop working, but may be working harder, new research has shown. Scientists scanned the brains of people lying inside magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines, as they pushed buttons or rested in turn. The scans showed that the “default (默认的) network” deep inside a human brain becomes more active during daydreaming.
In a surprise finding, the scans also showed strong activity in the executive network, the outlying region of the brain associated with complex problem-solving, says Professor Kalina Christoff, who is a co-author of the study. “People assume that when the mind wanders away, it just gets turned off—but we show the opposite. When it wanders, it is turned on.” says Christoff.
The findings, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, suggest, “People who let themselves daydream might not think in the same focused way as when performing a goal-oriented task, but they bring in more mental and brain resources,” says Christoff.
F. Diane Barth said at Psychology Today that the more we daydream, the more our brain is able to hold onto the task when we are being bombarded (轰炸) from all sides by all kinds of noises, information input, and conflicting demands. You're not trying to escape the task at hand; rather, you're trying to get rid of all of the information and stimuli (刺激物) that could pose as bothers.
According to Christoff, people typically spend one third of their waking time daydreaming. “It is a big part of our lives, but it has been largely ignored by science,” she says. “The study is the first to use MRIs to study brain activity during spontaneous thoughts and subjective experiences. Until now the only way is to use self-reports that are not always reliable.”
1. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Scientists. | B.Scans. | C.MRI machines. | D.Study subjects. |
A.may help us get relaxed | B.may be beneficial to our health |
C.may use less energy than focusing | D.may help us arrive at solutions faster |
A.Daydreaming provides us with many stimuli. |
B.Daydreaming is actually an act of concentration. |
C.Daydreaming can make us forget unhappy things. |
D.Daydreaming reminds us of more useful information. |
A.MRIs are reliable to study brain activity. |
B.People should spend more time daydreaming. |
C.More studies about daydreaming need to be done. |
D.People should make full use of daydreaming time. |
10 . I believe that life's toughest lessons are best learned through personal experience. Throughout my childhood, my grandmother
However, I never really
When I
Make me a better man someday? She must be
Today, when asked what job helped prepare me to gain the
As you can see,
A.afforded | B.offered | C.gave | D.provided |
A.better | B.more | C.higher | D.lower |
A.in order | B.in need | C.in advance | D.in return |
A.worried | B.understood | C.admitted | D.appreciated |
A.glance | B.presence | C.instruction | D.commitment |
A.attended | B.suggested | C.explained | D.complained |
A.belief | B.surprise | C.comfort | D.excitement |
A.horrible | B.invisible | C.angry | D.poor |
A.promising | B.joking | C.misleading | D.outstanding |
A.pay for | B.go for | C.look for | D.send for |
A.friendship | B.relationship | C.leadership | D.hardship |
A.served | B.shaped | C.viewed | D.treated |
A.facts | B.method | C.lessons | D.theories |
A.involved | B.buried | C.devoted | D.interested |
A.secret | B.fault | C.way | D.value |